Laws on Computer Crimes

Data protection is a very important piece of legislation that was brought into power in 1998, because it has been designed to prevent confidential and personal information being passed on to other people and any relevant companies without a person’s consent. This also means that any information that is stored of children should be kept in either a password protected or lockable location.

This act was introduced to prevent users hacking. This also stops them entering a computer, programs or files without authorisation, this act is in place to prevent users to use the internet without permission to cause an act of crime and also prevents unauthorised modifications to a computer. This act does not allow any attacks on a server as this is illegal.

One of the most significant concern facing IT industry in the 21st century is legal, social, ethical and professional issues that are associated with appropriate uses of technologies in computing. During the implantation of the Greenwich Freecycling website, many of these issues were encountered. By deploying the correct combination of technologies that is available when implementing the website some of these issues were conquered and overcome.

Although it has been argued that the Patriot Act in and of itself infringes on upon the right bestowed upon citizens of the United States, the aim of this paper is describe in depth The Patriot Act Title VII Section 814 and 816. These sections of the Patriot Act protects the citizens of The United States from the world’s newest form of terror; Cyber-Terrorism. The aim is to explain this law, its adequacies, and inadequacies in detail and to offer suggestions and solutions for its shortcomings.

This act was brought in by Parliament in order to define the UK law on processing data. This governs the protection of personal data in the UK. It also helps to control how an individual’s personal information is used by many different businesses and organisations that may contact them. Anyone who can be held responsible for using data must follow specific rules/guidelines e.g. data must be used fairly and lawfully, it must be used for limited and stated purposes, and it must be used in a way that is adequate. This act replaced another legislation act that was implemented in 1984. This act was also based on data protection.

The United States government changed the face of computer and internet use when it signed the USA Patriot Act on October 26, 2001. This act was created in the wake of the terrorist attacks in New York City on September 11 that same year. Many people believe that this act is a good thing and will help in defense against any future attacks. What most people do not know, however, is the effect of this act on the more general public. This includes individual people, public libraries, colleges and universities, and even trucking or hauling companies.

The first and least criminal is accessing unauthorized access to a computer system; this is often punishable for a 6 months prison sentence. The second level of the act is accessing an unauthorized computer system with the intention to cause damage to files, however not actually doing so due to either failing to or being caught before the damage was done, this is punishable for 5 years in prison. The third and final stage of the act is accessing an unauthorized computer system and successfully causing damage to the system. The way in which Leigh academy referenced this is by stating. "violations of the rights of any person or company protected by copyright, trade secret, patent or other intellectual property, or similar laws or regulations, including, but not limited to, the installation or distribution of "pirated" or other software products that are not appropriately licensed for use by Leigh

In 1984, the CFAA began as a criminal statute to protect classified information in government computer systems. The statute, initially, was restricted to “federal interest computers,” which included only computers of governmental and financial institutions. Throughout the years, Congress progressively expanded its reach, both in terms of who may file suit and what computers are protected. In 1994, Congress added, for the first time, a private right of action to allow “[a]ny person who suffers damage or loss by reason of a violation of [the statute]” to “maintain a civil action against the violator to obtain compensatory damages and injunctive relief or other equitable relief.” Further amendments in 1996 extended the range of the CFAA from “federal interest computers” to “protected computers” used in interstate commerce.

We have to approve the Cybersecurity Act in order to protect ourselves as American people, from predators and harmful online hackers. Cybersecurity is highly needed in today’s society since this generation is a high tech, online generation. Since everything is moving towards computers and technology, we will need to protect our information to keep us, (especially American people since everyone hates us for many sensible reasons, even Americans their selves) and the world safe. We need to do anything and everything we can to have protection against online hackers, predators, terrorists, and cyber-criminals who want to use our and the world’s information for evil. We must do what we can to stop them in their path to keep them from accessing our private information to share with others, or use against us.

This article specifically explains the legal constraints that go hand in hand with information sharing while being monitored through the Patriot act. Showing how the Patriot Act itself monitors specific agencies with respect to national security. Its main subject areas deal with information sharing amongst U.S. citizens through cyber space such as internet, social networks, emails etc… But most importantly this article is a reflection of the United states government’s precautionary measures taking by our U.S. Government in order to up hold not only the safety of our citizens but our national security as

This law is great to keep the country secured and protected for the good of the people. There has been great concern if this power that has been handed to specific agencies is too much, the fears arise if these companies are snooping around and citizen’s private property without their permission and consent. There has been talk about how United States citizens do not trust certain agencies to peak into their own personal lives to retrieve data that is not needed to protect the government. Thoreau wrote an essay that contributes too much of what is going on in our own government today. Thoreau explains that the people of the country let the government do anything that they wish to please. In this case the people of the United States let congress pass a law that let certain companies go deeper into public and personal information to extract data and bring terrorists to justice. He then explains that the government has way too much power over the people. The people of the United States play follow the

In this essay I will be talking about the key guidelines when it comes to investigating computer related crimes, such as what kind of the sections and sub-sections the offence falls under when regarding the ‘law’. I will also analyse the principle that will apply when dealing with the collection data using the digital forensic unit to analyse the data, more so how this is used to make accurate judgment on why the data was in this location and what its purpose or intended use was. Furthermore I will address what kind the authority the ACPO are granted, and further dissect the responsibilities the chief commissioner has. Lastly I will be addressing one the biggest computer related crimes which Cyber Crime and how ACPO created a method for dealing with such crimes, such as dividing the crime into two different categories of Cyber Crime, and how they differ from one another.

In accordance with many decades of cyber evolution, a cybercrime is shown in different ranges of crimes, which depend on the spread of technology and law. From the introduction of computer in the 1960s to the rise of personal computer in 1980s, cybercrime began to appear. The crimes can vary from piracy of software to patent-related crimes. This caused a surge in the introduction of relevant legislation in many countries and international organizations involved. In late 1990s, when Internet and transnational crimes were born, the international community cooperated in many instances such as the passing of the UN General Assembly Resolution 45/121 in 1990 and the manual for the prevention and control of computer-related crimes issued in 1994. Despite all the

Cybercrime we have when a computer is the object of the crime like hacking, phishing, spamming or is used as a tool to commit an offense like the child pornography, hate crimes etc.

-The technical definition of computer crimes is an act performed by a knowledgeable computer user, sometimes referred to as a hacker that illegally browse or steals a company 's or individual 's private information, but in general terms, it is the unauthorized use of a computer for personal gain, as in the illegal transfer of funds or to alter the data or property of others (Computer Crime, 2016). There are four major categories of computer crimes, first we will discuss using the computer as a target. When using the computer as a target, they must do two things: intrusion meaning to gain access to the computer and deny the owner of the computer access to the service and data. Intrusion is when the individual alters the data. To use the computer as a target, the hacker must alter the password and/or login and by doing this he is denying the owner access to the data. If a hacker makes a copy of data they are denying the owner rights to privacy of his or her data. The hacker will use that information to intrude upon another computer. One popular method that can be used to deny service is to