Leukemia In The Bone Marrow

Leukemia is a cancer of blood cells, specifically white blood cells that are responsible for fighting infection. However, the abnormal cells in leukemia do not function in the same way as normal white blood cells. Leukemia cells continue to grow and divide, eventually crowding out normal blood cells. The end result is that it becomes difficult for the body to fight infections, control bleeding and transport oxygen (Medicine Net, 2015). It is estimated that each year, approximately 30,800 individuals will be diagnosed with leukemia in the United

Leukemia is cancerous disease that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of blood cells to be produced and enter the blood-stream (National Cancer Institute, 2008, para. 1). It is one of many complicated cancer diseases that affect all ages and have very negative outcomes if not treated properly, and on time. Within the disease are several different types that affect according to how quickly the disease develops and attacks the body. It could be classified as chronic leukemia, which has a slow progress of getting worse or acute leukemia which usually gets worse quickly. The types of leukemia also can be grouped based on the white blood cell that is affected (National Cancer Institute , 2008, p. 1).

Leukemia broadly describes conditions that affect erythropoiesis in the bone marrow, lymphatic system, and spleen. As with all other cancers, leukemia begins from the mutation of DNA in certain cells. Classifications of leukemias are based on the age of onset and the leukocyte involved (Lewis et al. 2014, 665). The most common leukemia is chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), accounting for approximately 30% of cases in the United States (Copstead and Banasik 2013, 222). The normal function of the bone marrow, spleen, and liver becomes interrupted by the invasion of malignant lymphocytes (B cells); since the B cells are functionally inactive, a patient becomes more susceptible to infections. The sluggish progression of CLL unfortunately leads to late diagnoses and poor prognosis (Lewis et al. 2014, 665). Patients that become symptomatic in later stages will experience fatigue, weight loss, anorexia, and an increased susceptibility to infection, due to abnormal antibody production. Patient specific factors such as age, disease progression, and medication side effects will determine the course of treatment (Copstead and Banasik 2013, 223). The fragile state of patients with CLL requires continuous examination of drug therapy and interventions to prevent further complications.

Leukemia is a type of cancer that sadly causes around 25,000 deaths in the U.S. each year. The area that it affects is the blood and the bone marrow and like most or all of the types of cancer in the world if not taken control of early it will most likely kill you.

- Blood counts reveal the levels of red cells, white cells and platelets in the blood. If multiple myeloma is present in the bone marrow, some of these counts will be low.

Many individuals with blood cancers, such as lymphoma, leukemia, and sickle cell anemia and much other life-threatening diseases that rely on a bone marrow to survive. Blood cells and health bone marrows are needed to live. Bone marrow PRODUCES over 200 billion new red blood cells every day along with white blood cells. A bone marrow contains hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells. Over 10,000 individuals in the

In 2015, the American Cancer Society estimated about 26,850 new cases of multiple myeloma in the United states (“Statistics on myeloma” n.d). After leukemia and lymphoma, multiple myeloma is the third most common blood cancer in the United States. Multiple myeloma is a cancer which many tumors are scattered in places of the bone marrow. The name myeloma comes from the greek roots myelos (bone marrow) and oma (tumor)(“Progress in treating multiple myeloma” 2010). This disease comes from the inability of plasma cells to function properly. Plasma cells are white blood cells in bone marrow that fight off invading pathogens. Also known as B lymphocytes, these cells have differentiating responses to viruses and bacterias that enter the body. The

Leukemia is a type of cancer where your bone marrow, which produces blood cells, produces abnormal white blood cells. These abnormal cells have a longer life span than normal cells, which die in a cycle. Since they interfere with the cycle, they begin taking up more space, leaving little room for the normal cells to live.

For instance if you have Leukaemia: This is the cancer of white blood cells and these cells are able to reproduce in an uncontrollable way that then end up being un able to fight any infections. 'Cancerous cells' are able to spread through the your bloodstream very quickly and this means that there will be hardly any space left for your red blood cells and platelets to be stored. This shows that bone marrow transplant is needed here to replace the unhealthy bone marrow with a healthy bone marrow to continue with a healthy life.

Leukemia is the leading cancer in children. When a cancer patient undergoes Leukemia treatment, they are told the risks and dangers. A cancer patient understands the risks and what they must face in order to beat the cancer. The type of treatment and its dosage has the greatest impact on a patient’s health. I went through this treatment when I battled with cancer. I knew the risks and problems

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia is a scary disease. The term “acute” means the disease can quickly spread and progress quickly and can prove fatal in months if left untreated. “Lymphocytic” simply means that it develops from immature forms of lymphocytes. Also known as Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, or ALL for short, it is a type of cancer that starts from the early form of white blood cells called lymphocytes in the bone marrow. ALL is the most common form of cancer in children, though adults can get it as well. For children, treatment results in a good chance of a cure. Adults have a significantly smaller chance of a cure with ALL. ALL generally invades the blood very quickly and has the potential to spread to other body parts such as the spleen,

Leukemia is something that we hear about a lot. I believe that people do not understand exactly what leukemia is and how dangerous it can be, I chose this topic to try to help them understand. In this paper I will explain what leukemia is and what treatments you can choose from to treat the cancer.

I am Gino Dettorre, and I will be a senior at Bishop Watterson High School this coming school year. Currently, I am interested in pursuing a major in biology with a minor in Spanish at either Washington University in Saint Louis, University of Pennsylvania, or Vanderbilt University. While participating in the Mechanisms of Human Health and Disease program at Children’s Hospital, I have gained a better understanding of the molecular bases of various diseases, and I am interested in applying this knowledge in a laboratory setting. I have chosen to research acute myeloid leukemia because I have known relatives and friends affected by blood cancers, and I am interested in better understanding the mechanisms of this disease.

Leukemia is one of kinds of the blood tumor and which can effect on blood and the bone marrow. This disease is featuring when the white blood cells are increasing unnaturally. There are no a certain age to this disease. The treatment of this disease is dependent on the age of patient and the type of leukemia.

RELEVANCE: The most common form of the blood cancer is the production of white blood cells. This buildup of these white blood cells hinders the body from control bleeding, supplying oxygen to the tissues, removing waste from tissues, and to fight infections. Approximately, someone in the US dies from a blood cancer every ten minutes. Of the blood cancers, leukemia accounts for 33% of the deaths (Siegel, Naishadham, & Jemal, 2013). Because the cancer stems from a transformation from healthy hematopoietic stem cells to leukemic stem cells, it would be beneficial to treat the disease with a stem cell therapy. The purpose of this study is to understand the mechanism of how hematopoietic stem cells are turned into leukemia stem cells and be able to prevent the transformation. It will be another step for researchers to find a less invasive method of threating leukemia that is safe for all ages and severity. The understanding of which factors induce the conversion of how HSCs to LSCs and being able to prevent it opens doors to new therapies and treatments and make stem cell transplants more safe and widely available.