FIN 6130: Individual Assignment (case study)
Case Study:
Mark Sexton and Todd Story, the owners of a manufacturing company have decided to expand their operations. They instructed you as their newly hired financial analyst to enlist an underwriter to help sell $35 million in new 10-year bonds to finance construction. You have entered into discussion with Kim McKenzie, an underwriter from the firm of Raines and Warren about which bond features your company should consider and what coupon rate the issue will likely have.
Although your Bosses are aware of the bond features, they are not sure about the costs and benefits of some features especially how they will affect the coupon rate of the bond issues. This is more so that your firm is
…show more content…
A deferred callable bond may demand a slightly higher coupon rate compared to a normal bond due to its callable feature as investors are exposed to the reinvestment risk assuming that the prevailing interest rates then is lower than the coupon paid by our bond on the callable date.
6. A make-whole call provision
A bond with a make whole call (provision) allowing the issuer to pay off remaining debt early by making lump sump payment based on NPV (net present value) of future interest payments that will not be paid in cause of the call. This type of call should lower the coupon rate than the normal call provision with specific dates. Bondholders will receive the market value of the bond if it is a make whole provision which then they can reinvest in another bond with same criteria. The make whole call will be defined in the indenture. Normally, an issuer doesn't expect to have to use this type of provision, but if the issuer does, investors will be compensated, or "made whole". Because the cost can often be significant, such provisions are rarely invoked. Hence, it is recommended that the bond issuance should not have a make-whole call provision.
7. Any positive covenants. Discuss any overall positive covenants that your firm may consider.
The presences of positive covenants (also called as affirmative covenant) protect
Mr. Shields’ should accept Mr. Fordham’s proposal in relation to the acquisition of Upstate Canning Company, Inc. In this case, Mr. Shields attempts to conclude if he should acquire the company from its owner, Mr. Fordham, using his personal savings of $35,000 in addition to an investment of $65,000 from his associates. Moreover, Mr. Fordham proposes that he will loan Mr. Shields’ $300,000 worth of income bonds, to be repaid in up to 10 years. Mr. Fordham provides Mr. Shields’ with a bond repayment schedule which allows Mr. Shields’ to repay the bonds at a discount if he meets the wishes to repay the bonds back early. Mr. Shields’ faces a
It is because TECO sells bonds at par and sets the coupon rates at the market rate of interest when the bonds are issued, interest rates have risen over the last 25 years, and that explains the rising pattern of coupon rates.
Convertibles are appealing to investors who are looking for an investment with greater growth potential than that offered by a traditional bond. By purchasing a convertible bond, the investor can still receive
Inflation erodes the purchasing power of a bond 's future cash flows. A rise in inflation will cause investors to demand higher yields to compensate for inflation rate risk. Also, prices will tend to drop because the bond will be paying interest with less purchasing power.
Thibodeaux, W. (2017, April 19). Advantages & Disadvantages to Issuing Bonds in Order to Raise Capital. Retrieved from Pocket Sense: https://pocketsense.com/advantages-disadvantages-issuing-bonds-order-raise-capital-3899.html
This figure could be excessively high, as the industry average is 14.42%. It must be noted that after two years, debt holders would be entitled to convert these convertible bonds into Intel common stock. Should it be so, this would once again bring down the long term debt ratio, and increase Intel’s shareholder’s equity.
27.1)Financing Statement C&H Trucking, Inc. (C&H), borrowed $19,747.56 from S&D Petroleum Company, Inc. (S&D). S&D hired Clifton M. Tamsett to prepare a security agreement naming C&H as the debtor and giving S&D a security interest in a new Mack truck. The security agreement prepared by Tamsett declared that the collateral also secured:
Three interrogations were thus to answer. Should the company provide investors with classic bonds or give them the opportunity to convert them into equity? Should they structure the offer with a fixed or a floating coupon rate? And last but not least, where should they locate the operation?
A second mortgage loan officer, Sarah Harris, agreed to a $450,000 mortgage for a 20-year period at 8% interest rate after appraisal based on an income approach using 10.9% capitalization rate. Although not certain of her judgment, she considered Alexander’s projected figures realistic, but required him to personally sign the note as additional protection to the bank against loss.
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated December 6, 2011, between Supersonic Business Ventures, Inc., a Delaware corporation, (“SBV”), Delilah Wings Corp., a Delaware corporation, (“DWC”) and Sam Samson (“Samson”), (collectively the “Sellers”), and Fly-by-Night Aviation, Inc., a New York corporation (“Aviation”).
Even though these products are issued as long-term securities, they have many of the same features as traditional short-term ones. These debt products are both callable and puttable which gives the issuer as well as the investor flexibility. The call feature allows the issuer to buy back the bond. For issuers who are not sure how long they will need funds, they can get out of the agreement by calling the bond. Same goes for the investor; they can exercise the put option and receive their money back. In order to make these products more liquid, investment banks are used as remarketing agents. These agents resell the bonds at new rates to other investors. However, there is a cap on how high the rates on the bonds can be reissued at in order to limit the coupon payments. These variable rate debts also track the JJ Kenny index. The JJ Kenny index is an index similar to the S&P 500 but for municipal bonds. Also, a synthetic fixed rate debt can be created from combining a variable rate debt and a SWAP. Given the two proposals, the state is faced with three forms of debt. The first form is a fixed rate option that would provide the state with 20 year serial issued bonds with fixed
These bonds are short-term, only 12 months until maturity and pay 12% annually. I haven’t seen all the details on them, but this really might be a good way to increase you’re your total income and at the same time avoid the interest rate risk of intermediate-term and long-term bonds.”
The spread between swaps and bonds can be traded in many different ways. In this note we describe asset swapping methodologies in detail with particular emphasis on calculation of spreads, risks, and tracking of trades. The spread of bond yields to swaps is also commonly used to evaluate richness and cheapness of bonds of differing maturities. In markets where the analytical power of players is ever growing,
WorldCom has the option to extend its bank loan credit facility or to issue this large $6 billion in debt. It plans to use the rolling commercial paper program to pay British Telecommunications for MCI’s share purchases, and then use bond proceeds to pay off the commercial paper program. This signals that WorldCom does not need the money immediately for a single corporate purpose, and does not need the money immediately. Therefore, perhaps it makes sense for WorldCom to issue the bonds in smaller installments rather than flooding the market with $6 billion in debt all at once. The first reason for this is that, if an underwriter must first purchase the bonds before selling to investors, an underwriter may demand greater spread in order to justify taking down an entire $6 billion in debt using the bank’s capital assets. The second
About two months after the date of his opinion, Gilbert learned that an insurance company was planning to loan Grandtime $150,000 in the form of a first-mortgage note on the building. Realizing that the insurance company was unaware of the existing lien on the building, Gilbert had Bradley notify the insurance company of the fact that Grandtime’s building was pledged as collateral for a term note.