market value of their shares. Pan-Europa is also in financial distress because during the price wars the company took on a large amount of debt in order to continue paying a dividend to their shareholders. The price wars is not a current issue the company can solve, but rather it is very important they fix the problems they price wars have created. The company’s 1.25 debt-to-equity ratio is causing bankruptcy to be a very possible reality if they cannot increase their earnings to cover their debt. As well as already stated above, because of the price wars, the company is at risk for a hostile takeover. It is very important and urgent that Pan-Europa increases their stock price and lowers their debt-to-equity, to ensure the future of the company.
IV. Alternatives and Options
For all three alternatives there are the following assumptions: project 6 will be included in the portfolio, either project 7 or project 8 can be chosen, not both—sales and distribution cannot handle it—and all portfolios have a budget of €80. Project 6 is choose because while it has no formal NPV it can be considered an investment of €4 million now to save a cost of €10 million in four years. On the surface, it is clear that €10 million is two and a half times the cost of €4 million, but these costs are at different times. To determine whether or not the company should actually pay the €4 million today, is to find the PV of €10 million dollars. At the company’s WACC (10.5%), the PV =
Free cash flows of the project for next five years can be calculated by adding depreciation values and subtracting changes in working capital from net income. In 2010, there will be a cash outflow of $2.2 million as capital expenditure. In 2011, there will be an additional one time cash outflow of $300,000 as an advertising expense. Using net free cash flow values for next five years and discount rate for discounting, NPV for the project comes out to be $2907, 100. The rate of return at which net present value becomes zero i.e.
NPV analysis uses future cash flows to estimate the value that a project could add to a firm’s shareholders. A company director or shareholders can be clearly provided the present value of a long-term project by this approach. By estimating a project’s NPV, we can see whether the project is profitable. Despite NPV analysis is only based on financial aspects and it ignore non-financial information such as brand loyalty, brand goodwill and other intangible assets, NPV analysis is still the most popular way evaluate a project by companies.
Finally, in order to complete a more accurate comparison between the two projects, we utilized the EANPV as the deciding factor. Under current accepted financial practice, NPV is generally considered the most accurate method of predicting the performance of a potential project. The duration of the projects is different, one lasts four years and one lasts six years. To account for the variation in time frames for the projects and to further refine our selection we calculated the EANPV to compare performance on a yearly basis.
Answer: Pan Europa should not decrease the dividends of the shareholders to not devalue the stock price of the company. Instead should just decrease capital spending as what they board of directors have decided. In short, they should adopt strategies that should increase stock price not push it down to discourage buyout.
1.) What are the recommended percentages of each project that HVC should fund and the net present value of the total investment?
Net Present Value (NPV) calculates the sum of discounted future cash flows and subtracting that amount with the initial investment of the project. If the NPV of a project results in a positive number, the project should be undertaken. It is the most widely used method of capital budgeting. While discount rate used in NPV is typically the organization’s WACC, higher risk projects would not be factored in into the calculation. In this case, higher discount rate should be used. An example of this is when the project to be undertaken happens to be an international project where the country risk is high. Therefore, NPV is usually used to determine if a project will add value to the company. Another disadvantage of NPV method is that it is fairly complex compared to the other methods discussed earlier.
In the case of Worldwide Paper Company we performed calculations to decide whether they should accept a new project or not. We calculated their net income and their cash flows for this project (See Table 1.6 and 1.5). We computed WPC’s weighted average cost of capital as 9.87%. We then used the cash flows to calculate the company’s NPV. We first calculated the NPV by using the 15% discount rate; by using that number we calculated a negative NPV of $2,162,760. We determined that the discount rate of 15% was out dated and insufficient. To calculate a more accurate NPV for the project, we decided to use the rate of 9.87% that we computed. Using this number we got the NPV of $577,069. With the NPV of $577,069 our conclusion is to accept this
After calculating the Total Cash Flow for all three scenarios, the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Net Present Value (NPV) for the project can be calculated as well. See Question 3 for details regarding WACC calculation. The IRR and NPV for each scenario are shown in Table 4 below:
later in the project life. With a NPV of less than -$810,000, Scenario 6 is the project with the
4. Based on the information provided in the case, our group calculated the NPV for the project under both tax environment and tax-free condition, respectively, by using the excel spreadsheet and the NPV function. (For a detailed calculation of NPV, please refer to Appendix Under 15-yr.) According to our calculation, we have the following results: In the first case scenario, which the firm is in a tax environment (35% income tax), the NPV of the project equals to -$6,366,054.53
3. The NPV method is better because it shows the size of the project so you can see how much value a project has not just a percentage. You could have a higher percentage but a much lower value and you would still go for the lower percentage.
There are several traditional methods that can be used in appraising investment decisions. For instance, the net present value method (NPV) which entails estimating the costs and revenues of a project and discounting these figures to get their present values. Projects with the biggest positive net present value are the ones chosen as they represent the best stream of benefits of investing in the project over and above recovering the cost of initiating the projects. The discount rate is another method which is similar to the net present value method but reflects more on the time preference. This approach may focus on the opportunity cost of
After find out the results the next step will allow to compute for the taxes, and establish the WACC for the whole company. The discount rate represented by the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) has an important factor in deciding the net present value (NPV) of a project. Calculating the NPV is an important task since it allows the investors to make proper investment decisions. Given that the NPV of a project is positive, then the project is profitable and should be taken, but if the project has a negative NPV, then the project should be rejected. In the evaluations of a project the investors are making an investment decision with the objective of maximizing shareholders wealth.
This analysis will determine whether or not the project is worth pursuing using a net present value (NPV) approach.
Tirole (2001, p. 3) summarizes this line of reasoning by writing, “There is no denying