1. Luther’s theology main premises had religious, political, and social implications. What were they?
Martin Luther became an inspiration to people from all sorts of social and political ranks. According to the textbook, “many peasants hoped that the new religion would free them from the exaction of their landlords; towns and princes thought it would allow them to consolidate their independence; nationalists thought it would liberate Germany from the demands of foreign popes bent on feathering their own nests in central Italy” (Cole & Symes, 2014, p. 425). Of course, martin strongly opposed the idea of buying indulgences in exchanges for god’s forgiveness. He believed that no matter how many good deeds a follower would commit, it would never
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It was comprised of various cities that practiced near independence. These cities were prosperous. Yet they did not conform to any country or authority. Therefore, when citizens from one of the cities decided to adopt Protestantism, there was nobody to stop them. Therefore, the fact that Switzerland was formed by independent cities contained the right catalyst for the rise of different sects of Protestantism. Cole and Symes (2014) stated that “although religious arrangements varied from city to city, three main forms of Protestantism emerged in Switzerland between 1520 to 1550: Zwinglianism, Anabaptism, and Calvinism” (434-435). Zwinglianism was the most moderate form of Protestantism in Switzerland. Its principles resembled those set by Martin Luther. However, Zwinglianists had a fundamental disagreement with the Lutheran faith concerning the theology of the Eucharist which prevented them from uniting on one common front. The Anabaptists were a sect that broke of the Zwinglianists because they did not agree upon the notion of baptism. The Anabaptists believed that followers should be baptized as adults not as infants. The Calvinism sect beliefs aligned with those of the Lutherans. However, Calvinism achieved a wider influence, was stricter, and forbad its followers from any sort of indulgence no matter how minor it was. I am not sure what sect of Protestantism I would follow if I happened to be a citizen of Switzerland in that era. All these sects look closely related. I might lean toward Zwinglianism as it was more moderate and accepting to changes (Textbook, p.
“Faith alone is the saving and efficacious use of the Word of God, according to Rom. 10{:9}” (16).
Luther wanted to separate from the church because the church leaders got to greedy for money. The priests and leaders of the catholic church started to make up things such as selling indulgences which was basically pay the church to be forgiven for your sins and your families sins. Document 4 says, “They[pastors] fatten on the sins of the people,” this shows that pastors only cared for the ‘fleece’ or money of the people rather than actually caring for them. Another example that shows that the catholic church cares for nothing but money is the fact that they got upset when people spent money on things that did not necessarily matter. Document 8 is proof that people were spending lots money on non holy things, the texts says, “So much money is going into the coffer of the vendor that new coins must be minted on the spot,”. Document 6 shows that priests were getting upset on how people were spending their money. The text says “Where is our gratefulness toward God...For so many enslave all their senses to delights…”. This made Luther want to create Lutheranism because he felt that religion should not be about how much money one has but rather their soul.
Martin Luther grew up in a home with very strict parents. As a result, Luther’s childhood was plagued with anxiety at home and at school. Because his father planned for him to become a lawyer, shortly after receiving a Master of Arts degree from Erfurt University he returned to the university to study law. Consequently, after a life threatening experience in a storm, Luther left the university and joined a monastery. In 1505, Luther became an Augustinian monk and subsequently became a priest in 1507. According to John Dillenberger, “Luther was extremely sensitive to the problem of how to become worthy to receive the grace of God rather than the damning consequences of His righteousness”.
Marin Luther, regardless of his intentions, is one of the most controversial men in all of Christian history. The growth of Martin Luther and essentially the whole Protestant Revolution begins by Luther walking in a storm and getting struck by lightning. At this time, he prays out to the saints in hopes that he will be saved; he promises them that if they save him, he will stop everything a become a monk. Luther is saved and does just that, he quit studying law and took his vows, and he began studying the bible as a monk. While studying the bible, Luther comes across a line in Romans 1:17 stating, “For in it the righteousness of God is revealed from faith for faith, as it is written, ‘The righteous shall live by faith.’” Luther’s interpretation of this is that no amount of pilgrimages, relics, or good deeds will save someone, what will save that person is his or her faith. At the same time that Luther comes to this conclusion, indulgences are being sold. An indulgence is a ticket to heaven which cleanses a person of all sins. A person pays for this certificate, which typically cost half a year’s earnings, and this will shorten the time in purgatory before going to heaven. The idea of what happened after death terrified some people so this gave those people a false sense of comfort.
By the 1500’s many issues shows signs of disorder within the Church. The idea of selling indulgences (forgiveness for sin) for clergy benefit began to negatively spread throughout the people, along with opposition to pluralism (holding more than one office). This sparked many attempts to reform the church through individual groups, one of which being the Brotherhood of Common Life. One of their accomplishments was starting schools for the poor, in which educated none other than Martin Luther. By the time he became a priest, many people had already failed to reform the church. When Martin Luther entered Rome, he briefly supported the church before realizing the hidden
Martin Luther was a German professor of theology at Wittensberg. He later left his studies to peruse monkhood. In doing this, Luther had a lot of time to think about his relationship with God and realize the flaws in the church. Luther disagreed with many teachings/ ideas of the Roman Church, which he than acted upon. He strongly disputed the idea that one can obtain freedom from God 's punishment for committing sin by purchasing an expensive piece of paper from the church called an Indulgence. He wrote all about the usefulness of indulgences in community in a very sarcastic tone in Theses Ninety-Five in 1517. Although demanded, Luther refused to rid of his writings at the request of Pope Charles V.
Luther’s fundamental religious problem was the idea that the church was making people feel that they had to buy or seek salvation through the church. The development started when Luther was younger he was struck by lightning and called out to the church and said that if his life was spared he would become a monk. Sure enough since his life was spared he did as he promised. He was still struggling to understand what he need to do to be blessed with “godliness” the church taught him that it was through good deeds for the church. He was then asked to teach at a University and even though he did not want to do it he did it anyway for his fear of not doing what the church said overwhelmed him. Luther’s fears vanished, however, when he read St. Paul’s letter to the Romans: “He who through
The printing press was a vital part of the Reformation,Renaissance ,and Age of exploration,without this writing tool these historical events wouldn't have literacy or technological advances when they did in that time period, which allow people able to read and learn how to read also reduces prices on books. The renaissance was the rebirth of europe in many of ways in which they had multiple achievements in science,art,and culture.then in the light of the reformation this shown how martin luther life have impact history as we know it with his 95 thesis to the pope and the church in the year of 1517.In addition to this was the age of exploration which many of empires wanted to have wealth which leaded to all the empires to sending their explorers like christof colombo,and others to find the quickest route to trade in the middle east to gain gold and assorted goods.
500 years ago, Catholicism was the only religion practiced in western Europe. Without having someone who cared more for the love of God rather than money, this recreation would not have succeeded. Martin Luther, a monk who believed in loving God and worshipping him without having to pay for God’s love. Martin Luther was the first person to defy the Catholic Church and succeeded by recreating an entire religion. Martin Luther’s writings and teachings began, supported, and created doctrine for the Protestant Reformation.
Martin Luther's contribution to the Church could easily be dismissed because he is well known as anti-Semitic. In truth, he was, as most people are, more complicated than this. Luther is a wonderful example of the Grace of God using imperfect people. Luther is history's best proponent of justification by grace, yet some of his views did not always reflect God's love. God has not changed, He still chooses the average person to advance His kingdom. And why shouldn't He, we are all He's got!
Martin Luther believes in the people’s right to choose. It is their choice to help others, they shouldn’t do it just so that God will love them, God already loves them, so doing it would be to the benefit of others instead of yourself. To him, if you believe in God and you are faithful to him, then that is what will deliver you to Heaven. He opposes the Catholic Church because they have made the religion into a business. The church cons the people into buying indulgences to help get them to Heaven, saying that if you don’t you’ll be stuck in Purgatory.
Martin Luther was eager to change the Roman Catholic Church since his beliefs clashed with the church’s practices. He proclaimed that salvation of the soul will come about because of the genuine confidence in God, not simply great deeds. Martin Luther also firmly hated the demonstration of conceding and offering indulgences since he felt that forgiveness came from that person and God.
A German Augustinian friar, Martin Luther launched the Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century. Luther grew up the son of a miner, but he did not maintain that lifestyle for himself. He lived in a period that had a widespread desire for reformation of the Christian church and a yearning for salvation.
Martin Luther was responsible for the start of the Reformation. He was against many of the Catholic Church’s teachings and beliefs, especially the sale of indulgences. He believed the Roman Catholic Church was corrupt and should be reformed. His beliefs were based on three principles: Sola Fide, Sola scriptura and Sola gratia. He believed that salvation should come from faith rather than from doing good deeds and that religious truth could be obtained by reading the Bible. He believed that humans are able to educate themselves and gain knowledge. At the time, the sale of indulgences was a common practice. On the 31st of October 1517, Martin Luther nailed a document,
Ulrich Zwingli, John Calvin, Martin Bucer, William Farel, Heinrich Bullinger, Peter Martyr Vermigli, Theodore Beza, and John Knox