Medical Imaging

The coffin and mummy of Djedmaatesankh are known as one of the few unopened coffins, retaining the original seal. Currently, it has been decided not to open the coffin in order to examine the mummy within due to the fact that it would severely damage the artwork and hieroglyphs that have been painted on the outside. The coffin is made of cartonnage, which is created with moulded linen and plaster and is painted on the outermost layer. These paintings describe the story of Djedmaatesankh’s life, as well as references to the Book of Caverns in order to provide the body “with safe protection as it makes its journey through the underworld on its way to eternal life in the Field of Reeds”. The coffin is from the 3rd intermediate period of ancient Egyptian culture and has been dated to 945-715 BC, coinciding with the 22nd Dynasty in which Ian Shaw relays that the “Chief of the Meshwesh Sheshonq (King Sheshonq I)” ruled. The base materials used are linen and plaster to form the cartonnage, and the artwork on the outermost layer uses a combination of paint and gold leaf to create depictions of Djedmaatesankh’s life. Ancient Egyptians used paint made from a mixture of pigment and plaster to paint on coffins and sarcophagi, and the higher classes used increased amounts of gold leaf as well. Djedmaatesankh’s coffin would be classified as funerary art, which had been created to be of use in funerary rituals and practices. Djedmaatesankh’s coffin is an excellent example of the extensive

This necapolis is located on the west bank of the Nile River in Egypt and dates back in use from 1539-1075 B.C. (cited). These structures were not monuments to the Pharaoh’s life but were considered to be portals to the next one. The chamber rooms contained items made solely for use in the afterlife to insure the Pharaoh’s success. Detailed instructions and illustrations are on the walls exhibiting the trials and tests the king will be required to pass before obtaining his immortality and placement among the gods. The process of mummification was developed for the purpose of the sovereign’s body to be reanimated in the afterlife.

1. In 1895 the discovery of X-rays by the German scientist of physics, Wilhelm Roentgen, created an amazing step forward in the history of medicine. For the first time ever, the inner workings of the body could be made visible without having to operate.

To achieve my goal to attend Johnston Community College’s Medical Sonography program I have to start by completing an application for general college admission. After completing the admission process I will then have to start on my classes that are required for me to be accepted into the program. Once I fit the requirements for the program I will then I will then I will sign up for the Medical Sonography program, which should take about two years. To successfully reach my goal I may have to cut back on the hours that I take at my part time jobs. At the moment I have a lot of free time which allows me to have two job, once I begin working on my goal I expect to be forced to either quit one of my jobs or to cut back on my hours.

This paragraph will be analysing a primary source from the time of ancient Egypt. The source in particular is a painting made for Ramose, an Egyptian state administrator. He had this job during the reigns of the pharaohs Amenophis III and Akhenaten. His job was regarded very highly amongst ancient Egyptian society. This painting was made from the white limestone fond in the Valley of the Kings. The fine-grained rock that was the limestone permitted attractive decorations in full colour. It was made to decorate Ramose’s tomb and was probably painted by tomb decorators. It was probably created between 1000 BCE-1500 BCE. His tomb was in the Valley of the Kings amongst those of pharaohs, this suggests that

When it comes to medical imaging, there are several different options to choose from for different testing. There are similarities and differences; pros and cons to each. This paper will discuss MRI, CT, and ultrasound. They each have important things to know regarding radiation dose, cost, and reasons to use one over another.

This type of procedure is performed in a hospital or outpatient setting under the supervision of a certified Interventional Radiologist. Commonly performed procedures can include the treatment of varicose veins, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, IVC filter placement, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), etc. This type of modern imaging has greatly decreased the amount of invasive surgeries as well as limits the cost for patients. With this procedure, imaging such as x-ray, CT, or ultrasound are used to guide the doctor through minor incisions into the body.

X-ray use for diagnosis – Describe example of the use of an X-ray for diagnosis including IMAGE

Since the publication of John Brown's article in 1798, we have learned an enormous about ancient Egyptian history. Some of what we have learned (certainly not all) includes (1) the English alphabet can be translated into hieroglyphics, therefore a new era of Egyptology started and lead to wonderful discoveries, such as Tut's tomb, and the hieroglyphic burial content that surround sarcophagi and tomb walls are readable, as is the Book of the Dead and hieroglyphic writings such as autobiographies and chronologies; (2) the dates of the Pharaonic Dynasties and kingdoms (i.e., Old, Middle, and New) which are now much more firmly established; (3) that the ability to interpret he historical inscriptions on great monuments (e.g., Thutmose III

The shrine of Tutankhamun uncovers the burial customs of the New Kingdom Egyptians. The Canopic Shrine positioned on the east wall of the Treasury holds Tutankhamun's embalmed internal organs. A gold chest held four Canopic jars containing the dead pharaoh's internal organs in each jar. Undoubtedly, through the process of mummification, the embalmers must have removed the internal organs and preserved them in the Canopic jars, perhaps to be taken with the pharaoh to the next world. The third and innermost of three coffins of Tutankhamun is made of solid gold and is inset with semiprecious stones and coloured glass. It is covered with carved decorations and inscriptions inside and outside. It bears the names and epitaph of the deceased king and also protective texts. From this we discover the significance of the importance of the decoration of the mummy was, and the power the coffin was believed to hold. Originally, mummification was so expensive that it was a privilege enjoyed only by the Pharaoh and few nobles. Everybody else was given a simple grave burial in one of the vast cemeteries or "necropolises" of the time. But the promise of eternal life was so appealing that it wasn't long before other classes of Egyptians began signing up for mummification, too.

The treatment of human remains has greatly changed over time, with much more care and focus being put in remains especially bodies over a thousand years old. As the times of breaking into tombs and coffins ripping bodies apart and crunching old skeletons are over, nowadays much more research and importance towards the bodies take place. With science now being a major focus to examine the body and laws of how to treat and examine the bodies are now in place to stop the ruining of important ancient bodies.

Mummification is an ancient process that has been around for ages. It made its first appearance 2000 years before the egyptians caught on. The Chinchorro mummies were discovered in South American Chinchorro culture, modern day Chile and Peru. Fast forward 2000 years and mummification started to become the norm for Egyptians. The purpose of mummification was to preserve the body and make it ready for the afterlife. However, the methods of mummification differed greatly depending on what social class the deceased were in. For example, in the higher social classes the embalmer would first draw out the brains. This became standard around 1700 BC, the brain was deemed as insignificant in the afterlife. [Embalmers] left only the heart in place, believing

Pediatric imaging is one of the most controversial topics in the radiology field. When imaging any patient, dose, shielding, and risk versus benefit are important factors to consider. However, with pediatrics, those factors plus other considerations become especially important as we begin to consider how the radiation affects their growing cells. The ionizing radiation causes interactions with the atom causing the atom to become charged or ionized. Children are particularly vulnerable to ionizing radiation because their cells are constantly undergoing high rates of cell division. Which makes pediatric, individuals 18 and under, imaging and adult imaging incomparable. Pediatric imaging requires specific examinations, training, and quality of

The X-Ray was invented in 1895 by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen. It all started with a vacuum tube called a Crookes tube, with this Roentgen noticed that by pressing a button that activated an electric current through it a shadow was projected onto a screen that showed the photograph of his wife’s hand with a ring

The Mummy portrayed in the starting of the film, where Imhotep lies in his tomb, is different from Imhotep who featured wrinkles in the rest of the film. Legendary make-up artist Jack Pierce created the iconic look in ‘The Mummy,’ where he made Boris Karloff have relatively less make up for the most the movie except for the opening scene, where Imhotep rises from his tomb covered in bandages. To achieve the ancient rugged look, Pierce used a combination of cotton, collodion, spirit gum, and linen bandages. As per the punishment to Imhotep, it shades a light on the process of mummification in ancient Egypt. Unlike his mummification, the Egyptians embalm the body, and remove internal organs (except the heart).