Climate Change Concerning the Forests:
Both the Hopi and Navajo use Ponderosa Pine and Piñon Pine in cultural practices. The forests of both types of pine are in Northern Arizona. In traditional settings, the Hopi as well as Navajo used ponderosa pine for medicinal, household, food, ceremonial, and constructional purposes (“The Hopi Reservation” 1). Today, the ponderosa pines are still used for traditional dwellings by both tribes. Kivas, a ceremonial Hopi dwelling as well as Hopi residential dwellings use ponderosa logs as support beams. In addition, traditional Navajo houses called Hogans, also use the ponderosa as structural beams (Wennerberg, 3). As for the Piñon, both tribes use the nuts as food. The piñon nut business is quite lucrative
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In addition, the forests attract tourists to attractions that are on or near the Hopi and Navajo reservations. Tribal economies benefit from the monetary influx that tourists bring to the regions. The Hopi and Navajo rely culturally as well as economically on both the Ponderosa and Piñon Pine forests.
Forests in Northern Arizona that the tribal communities depend upon are currently threatened by climate change. Ecosystems with high and rising temperatures, such as Northern Arizona, are susceptible to drought. In turn, the decrease in precipitation due to droughts leads to an overall reduction in growth as well as health for plants. A study concerning Northern Arizona forest found that tree mortality increased 200% from 1997-2002 to 2002-2007 in mixed-conifer forests and 74% in ponderosa pine forests. This tree mortality can be traced back to forest insects like bark beetles as well as long-term drought stress throughout the ecosystem (Ganey & Vojta, 162). Insects such as the spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis), pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae), and especially piñon ips beetle (Ips spp.) threaten forests (MacDonald & Turner, 21260). Climate change causes tree mortality as overall warming leads to greater beetle reproduction as well as greater range of beetle territory (MacDonald
The traditional Navajo Indians have a very primitive lifestyle. This means that they don’t necessarily have the best living conditions and
Originally living in a wide area of the Great Basin and Great Plains and sharing similar Shoshone languages, they are closely related to the Comanche, Paiute, and Ute Indians.Some of their traditions included facial tattoos, decoration of clothes with porcupine quills and beads, they commonly painted their faces. During the fall, they hold a pine-nut festival. During that celebration, they climb the mountains and plant a pine-nut seed in the ground. They stay overnight and sing songs around a fire ,dance,and tell stories about their life or family
Everyone talks about climate change and how the Earth is slowly deteriorating, but no one seems to have specific examples. In Linnea Saukko’s “How to Poison the Earth,” she does use specific examples of what is causing climate change. She uses satire with a hint of sarcasm in her essay. She gives the reader specific examples of how to poison the Earth, but not really wanting to poison the Earth. Gretel Ehrlich writes her essay, “Chronicles of Ice,” a little differently. She uses personal experiences of visiting a glacier and the way that it is falling apart to explain climate change. She uses detailed, sensory description to explain
Drought condition exists throughout most of Arizona. Variable amounts of rainfall throughout last year’s where was significantly below the normal with surface water flows, reservoir levels, and well water pumping levels are at some of their lowest ever recorded all of that act as indication of drought occurrence. Drought is a normal recurring feature of climate, not a rare or random event. Climate influence water quality throughout temperature, precipitation, and wind by affecting the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of water. For instance, temperature fluctuation results in more stress on aquatic organism within water body, in the same way wind fluctuation has a direct effect on evaporation rate. Municipal water providers in Flagstaff, Williams, Mayer, Pine, Strawberry, and in areas near Sierra Vista, Sonoita, and Picacho have suffered from some potable
The Hopi Indians are Native Americans who lived on 1.5 million acres of reservation in Northeastern Arizona. In the beginning, the Hopi Indians were a hunting and gathering group divided into small groups that lived in pit houses. (A pit-house is a building that is partly dug into the ground and covered by a roof.) Around 700 A.D. the Hopi Indians became an agricultural tribe by growing blue ears of corn by using runoff from the mesas.(A mesa is an isolated flat-topped hill with steep sides.). In the late 1200’s a ginormous drought forced 36 of the 47 villages on the Hopi mesas to be abandoned. Following the massive drought, the 11 remaining villages increased in size where then three new villages were established in Northeastern Arizona.
The Hopi tribe were villagers and farmers. Their villages were located in the lofty plateaus of northern Arizona. The Hopi tribe have kept their culture intact due to living
The days of living off the land have long since passed. Junior says, “… my mother stood in line to get us commodities. We carried them home, happy to have food, and opened the canned beef that even the dogs wouldn’t eat” (Alexie2). The Spokane reservation doesn’t provide any means for them to provide for their families on their own. They rely in large part on the government to supply their basic living necessities. This type of reliance doesn’t allow for other traditions such as the quilting Junior references or other traditions such as basket weaving. Perhaps the lack of traditions that are left is what brings us full circle to why the class reunions are held in the local
The times have changed, but the spirit lives on. The Navajo are a Native American tribe that resides as their own nation in the southwestern part of the United States. The land consists of desert and mountains, so the Navajo had to learn many skills to live and adapt with the land. They gathered plants and nuts to eat, hunted animals for meat, and used the skins to keep warm at night as the temperature in the desert drops to below freezing. As times changed the Navajo adapted their skills to benefit them. They got herds of goats and sheep and used wool from the sheep to weave amazing blankets. Today, the Navajo tribe teaches their cultural traditions and beliefs to their children and followers. They believe nature is sacred and they give thanks to the animals and plants they use for food. The Navajo passed on their beliefs that the people emerged into the world to escape a flood in the lower world. The Navajo also tell many stories to show respect for nature and the spirits and neglect the ones of being treated unlawfully. The Navajo Nation allows these people to try and maintain the lifestyle that their ancestors lived, with some modern exceptions. Most Navajo people live on the reservations, but sadly, they are poverty stricken. However, it is a place where they are sheltered from a growing society. Due to all of this, the Navajo’s unique traditions and beliefs, along with its prior mistreatment, justify the formation of their own nation.
The Navajo, also known as the Diné, are one of the largest Native American Tribes in the world. Their culture is made up of very distinct and unique characteristics that have been passed down from generation to generation. They have been taught to adapt to their surroundings and to the land. Each moral, standard, belief and value are what make the Navajo so unique to the Native Americans. In the following, their primary mode of subsistence, kinship system, beliefs, values, and economic organizations will be briefly examined to gain a better knowledge of the Navajo culture.
The Dendroctonus ponderosae (Mountain Pine Beetle) is estimated to have killed 46 million acres of trees from 2000 to 2012 - an area nearly the size of the state of Colorado, as stated in an article released by the Union of Concerned Scientists. In response to this epidemic, the U.S. Forest Service estimates that “as many as 100,000 beetle-killed trees fall to the ground every day in Southern Wyoming and Northern Colorado alone”. The results of the early 2000’s outbreak clearly reflect the devastation, but the reasons behind the infestation are not as defined. It 's commonly believed that the cause of the Mountain Pine Beetle outbreak was warmer temperatures that decreased winter larvae
Over the last few decades in North America an insect has wreaked havoc on the coniferous trees that inhabit the Rocky Mountains. The insect known as the Mountain Pine Bark Beetle, or Dendroctonus ponderosae although once an important part of the cycle of life in the pines of the Rocky Mountains has recently grown out of control. Because of the beetles need to live inside of trees, they have adapted the ability to fight against the trees defenses, but in doing so have endangered the trees by cutting off their source of moisture throughout the tree. The Mountain pine beetle has an interesting physiology that allows it to burrow into trees. This causes many
Canada occupies most of the continent of North America and strong actions will be applying to intend to be a climate change leader. Climate change is a global challenge whose impacts will be felt by all countries, impacts that already occurring in different parts of the earth. Climate change one of the sensitive topics that the counties are worried and looking for solutions and Canada wants to be a great leader.
Climate change in America is getting worse everyday and can destroy many of living organisms including humans; therefore, humans need to cut our greenhouse gas emissions fast or, oceans will be dramatically changed, the ice will melt causing floods, and the changing in weather causing severe damage. These are major issues that need to be resolved if we are planning on making a bright future on earth.
The roots and customs of Native American tribes run deep. A feeling of respect and tradition is in the air. Every little detail has meaning and a certain level of pride and of importance to each individual taking part in the ceremony. According to Access
Climate change is a rising issue of importance in our day and age, and one that is threatening our global society on many levels. In the past few decades, scientists have discovered that our planet’s climate has been changing at an alarming rate. The way in which we have changed the land to