Nt1310 Unit 7

Analyze network components and their primary functions in a typical data network from both logical and physical perspectives.

In a nutshell, the OSI model is divided into seven layers that are responsible for moving data up and down the stack; from the user, all the way down to the physical layer where the cables reside and then back up again. Each layer uses its own protocols and is responsible for carrying out its assigned function. These layers include the Application Layer (layer 7), Presentation Layer (layer 6), Session Layer (layer 5), Transport Layer (layer 4), Network Layer (layer 3), Data Link Layer (layer 2) and the Physical Layer (layer 1). See Figure 3-3 for illustration of OSI model.

There are seven layers in the OSI interconnect model; they are the Physical, Datalink, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and

Describing the way of interaction between different applications and protocols on any network-aware devices is done by the OSI (Open System Interconnection) model. The OSI model characterizes seven layers that depict how applications running upon system mindful gadgets may correspond with one another. The model is nonexclusive and applies to all system sorts, not simply TCP/IP, and all media sorts, not simply Ethernet. It is consequently that any system specialist will garrulously toss around the term "Layer 4" and hope to be caught on.

The session layer establishes a communications session between processes running on different computers, and can support message-mode data transfer.

With the advanced in the field of computer networking and to compete with the ever increasing internet technology, it becomes highly important to study and understand the basic theory and concept behind this technology. Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) Depart of Defense (DoD) and International Standard Organization (ISO) are the organizations which introduces us to the two main protocol standards use for communication. This paper briefly explains the key aspects of these two well known protocol suites namely; Open source Interconnection (OSI) and Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. The former is also called as Basic Reference model or the OSI model consisting of seven different layers where each layer

The OSI model shows how the hardware and software function together in order to enable communication between the computers. The OSI model is basically a framework of how the device operate on the network. Assume that user ‘A’ sends data to user ‘B’ through internet, the data has to travel the network to reach user B computer. During the data transfer, the data has to navigate through many intermediate nodes. To ensure the data transfer from user A to user B correctly and securely, so we need protocols to guide these data. These group of protocols are called communication model. OSI model is one of the communication model. Open System Interconnection (OSI) is made up of 7 layers, each layer has their own unique functions and protocols. Control is passed from one layer to another layer, start at application layer which is layer 7 to physical layer which is layer 1. The framework for the OSI model is design of network systems that

The first layer(interface layer) offers to the user a friendly and convenient entry to contact with the system.The second layer (application logic layer) implements the controlling functionalities and manipulating the underlying logic connection of information flows; finally the data modeling job is conducted by the database layer, which can store, index, manage and model information needed for this application [41].

This layer establishes, manages and terminates connections between applications. The session layer sets up, coordinates, and terminates conversations, exchanges, and dialogues between the applications at each end. It deals with session and connection coordination.

Applications that are used by most businesses uses internet’s main program, TCP/IP through the client/server model. For example, when you check your bank account from your computer, a client program in your computer forwards a request to a server program at the bank. That program may in turn forward a request to its own client program, which then sends a request to a database server at another bank computer. Once your account balance has been retrieved from the database, it is returned back to the bank data client, which in

In computer networking, the transport layer is a conceptual division of methods in the layered architecture of protocols in the network stack in the Internet Protocol Suite and the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI). The protocols of the layer provide host-to-host communication services for applications. It provides services such as connection-oriented data stream support, reliability, flow control, and multiplexing.

The upper or main 3 layers in the OSI Model (Application, Presentation, and Session Layers) are consolidated into a solitary layer just in the TCP/IP display in the Applications layer. There are some OSI convention applications that consolidate the 3 layers, for instance, X400, there’s not associate degree expressed necessity for the TCP/IP convention stack to execute a watchful structure over the Transport Layer. The Session layer relates to the Telnet virtual terminal utility that’s a chunk of content based mostly conventions like SMTP and HTTP TCP/IP demonstrate Application Layer conventions. It likewise relates to the TCP and UDP port list framework that’s a chunk of the

The OSI reference model is a seven layer abstract model developed by ISO in 1984. It describes the standards for inter-computer communication that is how data flows from one computer on a network through wires, cable and routers to another computer in another network. Each layer provides a framework to explain specific functionalities and the interactions between network components where the upper layers ( Application, Presentation, Session )mostly work at the software level and the lower layers(Transport, Network, Data Link and Physical) in the hardware and firmware levels.

Data Handling and Packaging: TCP defines a mechanism for the applications to send to be able to send data to higher layers. These data are packaged into messages to be set to needed destination. The destination software then unpackages the data to use

A computer network is a communications network that permits CPUs to interchange information. In computer networks, interacted computing devices pass information to each other along data networks. Data is moved in the form of packets. The connections (network links) between nodes are recognised using either cable media or wireless media. The computer network that is best known is the Internet. Network computer devices that instigate, route and dismiss the data are called network nodes. Nodes can contain hosts such as private computers, phones, servers as well as networking