On My First Daughter and On My First Son
Ben Jonson's poems on the death of his children
Ben Jonson lived in the English Renaissance period when childhood mortality was very high due to health problems, diseases, lack of medicines and unhygienic life conditions. He got married to Anne Lewis in the early 1590s. Their first daughter, Mary was born in 1593 who died only six months later. Jonson wrote his poem On My First Daughter upon her death. His first son, Benjamin, born 1596, died of the plague in 1603 at age seven and Jonson wrote the poem On My First Son shortly after his death1.
On My First Daughter and On My First Son were both published with many other poems in Epigrams in the first folio collection of Ben Jonson's works in
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And so does her body, which is laid in her grave. The father now asks the heavy and dark earth in the last line that it should cover her body very gentle and with this picture we get an even sadder ending.
Ten years after the death of his daughter Ben Jonson wrote a similarly sad poem on a similarly tragic occasion. His seven years old son, Benjamin died of the plague in 1603. On My First Son (number XLV in the Epigrams) is a twelve line poem, just like the previous one and has a similar structure, though there are many differences, too. The poem starts surprisingly with a saying goodbye, where a mourning father says farewell to his first son. The father does not tell us the son's name, but there is a big hint in the first line: ”child of my right hand” that is the meaning of the name Benjamin. Benjamin is a biblical figure whose name means son of the right side, which is usually interpreted as son of goodness, fortune and happiness.4 Even though the father does not introduce his son to the readers by name, he gives a very short but nice desciption of him by just telling his name's etymology. In the second line we can see that the father takes responsibility on the son's death, saying that it is his fault/sin that he died, because he had too high expectations of him. Lines 3 and 4 contain that the boy was seven years old and that he was just lent by God for this short time to his
In the book “The Memory Keeper's Daughter” by Kim Edwards a doctor and his wife have twins and the first child is a healthy boy but then the second child that comes out is a little girl with the signs of down syndrome and he asks his Nurse to take the baby away to an institution while he tells his wife the baby girl died. Through out the entire book it is a struggle for Dr. Henry's wife Norah to have closure with the fact that her baby girl is said to be dead and she never saw her, held her, or cared for her. Kim Edwards shows through the whole book that we are only human, the themes that life is beyond our control and through the connection between suffering and joy.
This excerpt from lines seventeen and eighteen conveys the physical death of the girl. Once the girl has died in a literal sense and she is being displayed for her funeral, she has been given a happy ending, this is ironic as she was only happy once she had died and had become a beautified version of herself from the cosmetics applied by the mortician. Line twenty-four simply says “Consummation at last.” This line is ironic as the girl was finally perfect and complete only after her death. She finally had what she wanted in life that was taken from her by the expectations of others.
Compare this to Dannie Abse’s “Imitations”. The poem centres on Abse’s thoughts about his son and how he has become an adolescent. Although the poem is rather negative, describing his son as a “chameleon” therefore suggesting his son is changing. However unlike in “Whitsun Weddings” is less pessimistic, saying that although he will die like his son his family name will be passed down the generations and expresses some affection for his offspring, whereas Larkin has no such optimism, he focuses on the fact that he has no son and probably never will, much like in Larkin’s “Dockery and Son” where he contemplates his lack of contribution to his species existence of how his life when he dies will cease to have meaning.
At the age of thirteen, Wheatley wrote her first poem. The work, a story about two men
I guess you could say my whole life has revolved around writing. Long before I was born, a boy- now known in North Carolina for his contribution to the arts- named Ira David Wood III, wrote a poem for my grandmother. It was for a baby shower, and the poem was ‘The Birth of Casey Draughon’, a humorous story about how my grandparents were so excited to have their assumed son, and find in the end that had a daughter instead (the best part is, that baby was my mother). So, already having a poem as a namesake, it’s fair to assume that by some far-fetched correlation I was predisposed to enjoy writing.
“Before she died many years later, the woman asked to be buried without a coffin so that she could connect with the earth. Now, when anyone wants to connect with her, all they have to do is lay face down on the ground, and
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Instead, she was made up to perfection, her nose was now “a turned-up putty nose” (Piercy, 604), and she had mountains of makeup caked onto her face. It was only now that society accepted the girl, she had met their standards at last. The girl represents the death of everyone as well, with her death, everyone now supported her. The casket, girl, and her death all symbolize the events that unfold with most female death. A female is glorified on her death
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