Optimized Economy Of Power Generation From A Hybrid Pv / Diesel System Using Particle Swarm Optimization

Since when it was determined that electricity could be generated from the sun, the power industry has taken slack for not considering it as a viable addition to their generation fleet. However, there are two facts that need to be remembered with respect to the power industry. The first thing to remember is that power has to be supplied to their customers regardless of the weather or the time of day. Secondly, power companies are just like any other company; they are in the business of making money. Because of those two facts, solar energy at its current technological state has no place in the power industry’s current generation fleet.

The PV module has been designed by considering the irradiance, temperature and number of PV cells connected in series and parallel. Figure 5.1 shows the simulink model of solar system. Here only function file used to show the solar system, the program code is given in the appendix. Here we are using a battery. The system is generated 240volt and current is 2.9 A.

In the data set , the three components x3,x5 x6 (Cost per KW capacity in place, Cost per KW capacity in place, Total fuel costs (cents per KWH) is selected to perform the PCA. We selected the 70% of the variance in the second step of PCA algorithm. As a result, the three components capture the 80 % of the total variance associated with the all eight variables. This suggests that we can capture most of the variability in the data set with less than 26% of the number of original dimension in the data.

Hybrid vehicles are continuously gaining popularity in the general public. With the growing societal concerns about green revolution and also achieving significant reduction in fuel consumption, hybrid vehicles are considered satisfactory in performance. They have become so popular that certain tax incentives have been offered by the government on hybrid vehicles. Due to their better performance compared with gas powered vehicles, we present the thesis of our paper as follows:

Yang, H.X., Lu, L., & Zhou, W. (2007) A Novel Optimization Sizing Model for Hybrid Solar– Wind PowerGeneration System,Solarenergy,

The class project for Sustainable Energy is to design a stand-alone power system for a single-family house. The stand-alone power system can either be a photovoltaic (PV) or a fuel cell combined heat and power (CHP) unit. Without connecting to the power grid either of these units will have to supply the 2,500 square foot home with both heat and electricity. In order to properly select the size of the system needed; numerous parameters need to be considered and evaluated. With these values it is then possible to determine

Capital cost for solar PVs is high owing to high values of PV cells. However, offshore wind energy has a higher start up price due to the expenses involved in constructing its systems along with the protections needed. Capital cost of onshore wind farms is lower as they are more dynamic and economical to construct. Gas technologies have lower start up amount than coal on account of their low requirement for land space [6]. In addition, expenditures involved in the manufacture of coal fired units are high

For the purpose of this paper, CO2 emissions will be focused on, as CO2 is the most abundant greenhouse gas after water vapour.5 The CO2 emissions of the electrical generation methods will be compared to the emissions of the internal combustion engine. Due to the emissions created by an electrical power plant, the power used to run the electric vehicle must be produced in a sustainable manner if an electric car is to be truly sustainable in comparison to the internal combustion engine car. This leads to an analysis of the different types of power generation –coal, oil, natural gas, geothermal, nuclear fission, wind, and hydro. Each are analysed to determine which gives off the least amount of CO2, therefore assigning a

Abstract- Today’s environmental situation is continuing to spiral downwards; the ozone layer is receding, habitats being destroyed, and the air is being polluted. Scientists of every nation are researching ways to solve this problem. Due to automobiles sizeable contribution to the environmental crisis, studies are focusing on ways to reduce the harmful emissions caused by the internal combustion engines. Hybrid vehicles offer an alternative to powerful gas engines by providing the car with a secondary propulsion source powered by a strong battery. With this secondary power, car manufactures can reduce the size of the internal combustion engine, which accordingly reduces emissions and raises the vehicles miles

With the growing cost of fuel for cars and the rolling blackouts of last summer, the need for an alternative, cost-effective, environment friendly energy source is escalating. Many possible solutions have been presented, such as nuclear power, wind power, and hydrogen fuel cells; prevalent among these is solar power.

The Hybrid vehicle concept nowadays is on the path of becoming one of the brightest stars in the foreseeable future. Environmental issues that beset the world today such as Global Warming, entail many long-term negative effects which in turn, must not only be solved through short-term solutions but also be countered with long-term solutions that will benefit not just the future of society, but the future of planet earth and the well-being of its inhabitants. In response to this global crisis, various industries and institutions are now searching for alternative energy sources such as the Hybrid vehicle. The Hybrid vehicle seeks to reduce carbon emissions and reliance on petroleum and diesel by substituting majority of the powertrain

First introduced in the 20th century, hybrid cars are expected to become the new generation of transportation in the future. These vehicles run on fossil fuels, gasoline, electricity, or a combination of those ones. Using “green energies” leads to a wide variety of advantages, including reduced dependence on oil, stabilized fuels’ economy, and lowered greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and wastes discharged to the environment. Engineers, nowadays, have been spending a lot of effort on building and consolidating hybrid technology, so they are able to advance its performance, safety for customers, affability to the ecosystem, and especially the impacts of the hybrid on the auto industry. This paper provides some current studies on hybrid car and its effects on the environment, market.

With the increasing costs, both financial and ecological, of fossil fuels, fuel efficiency in vehicles has become an increasingly important factor. Vehicle manufacturers and designers are exploring alternative fuels, with electric, hybrid and hydrogen-powered vehicles being looked at as viable alternatives. Solar power has been somewhat overlooked but has the ability to become widely used because it is both clean and economical. The advantages over fossil fuels are obvious: Solar power is renewable, cannot be exhausted and doesn’t cause pollution. Fossil fuels are becoming increasingly scarce and expensive. Solar seems like a logical alternative. As such, it is being considered by private companies and government think tanks as a partial

Abstract-In this paper an efficient hybrid optimization approach is used to solve the optimal power flow problem. In the proposed approach particle swarm optimization along with ant colony optimization is used for setting of control variables for optimal power flow problem. The proposed approach is tested and examined in standard IEEE 30 bus test system. The various objective functions involved are fuel cost minimization, voltage profile improvement and transmission loss reduction. This proposed approach overcomes the disadvantages of ant colony optimization such as premature convergence and stagnating output.

With the rapid economic development, China has surpassed US and become the world’s largest economy. In the same time, China also become the largest emitter of Carbon Dioxide (Co2) which is the most important reason for world’s climate change. During the development of economy, China used Coal too much and Coal would be converted to Co2. However, Coal is one of a fossil Fuel which means it is non-renewable. For the future development and environmental concerns, China has the sufficient reason to find another resource instead of Coal. Indeed, China is trying to extend application of renewable energy such as wind power, hydropower and solar energy. Especially, solar energy developed very well last decade in China and China become the leading manufacturer of PV (Photovoltaic— solar energy). According to article China’s Solar Photovoltaic Industry Development: The Status Quo, Problems and Approaches, “solar PV energy supply is destined to become one of the main global energy supply carriers by 2030 and a leading energy source by 2050. EU and USA plan to expand the gross installed capacity of the PV industry to over 1500 million KW by 2050. China aims to create a PV industry with a gross installed capacity of 1050 GW by 2030.” (Hongzhang P222) Based on information above, it is easy to notice China’s potential in PV industry and PV market will create value for China’s economy.