Will China Democratized

Short essay section. I chose to answer questions # 1, 5, and 7 in the study guide.

The Hukou system dictates which people can move around to different provinces and which people can do certain things. The government has used the system for many years to label and segregate people. The Hukou system has also enabled the government to decide who gets to move up and who doesn’t. In the system, the people that tend to have the most freedom are the urban-born people. Urban people are typically allowed to travel outside of the cities, however, the people that grow up in the rural provinces are usually left behind. Author, Bingqin Li, wrote an article for East Asia Forum (article from society group) and says, “this situation made it hard for rural-to-urban migrants to gain equal access to urban welfare systems” (Li 1). The Hukou system is a prime example of how the government still has almost complete power over their civilians. Having a program in place that dictates where people can live and work is barbaric and clearly shows that the people do not hold the

1. This is a closed book exam. You may only have pens, pencils , a calculator and one cheat sheet double sided on 8 ½ by 11 paper at your desk.

Equator - imaginary line at 0° latitude that divides the earth into the northern and southern hemispheres

The begins of Mao’s Cultural Revolution begins with the Hundred Flowers Campaign which took place during 1956-1957, the government embarks on this campaign with the hope that the tension between government and scholars can end, but this approach does not work and backfires. The next event which takes place in the Anti-Rights Campaign (1957-1958), this campaign disciplines those who spoke out during the Hundred flowers Campaign, a significant amount of people lots many jobs due to this and are sent away by government. This leads into the Great Leap Forward (1958-1959), this just happens to be one of Mao’s more intense programs of economic reform, in this program Mao’s main attempt was to modernize China’s economy, the consequence of this resulted in Mao’s having a temporary loss of power. He believed that all he needed to develop was agriculture and industry and believed that both

The Hundred Flowers Campaign began in 1957 when Mao Zedong declared in a speech, “Let a hundred schools of thought contend,” effectively encouraging criticism from members of the Chinese Communist Party. After members began pointing out where the party had made mistakes, however, Mao suddenly reversed this new policy and began the Anti-Rightist Movement, condemning the critics whose opinions he had just previously invited. Was the Hundred Flowers Campaign a trick designed by Mao to trap his opponents?

Students have a quiz today; NO CALCULATOR . They have the whole period up to the assembly at 10:50. Students should have enough time to finish. If they don’t please have them write a note on their quiz, and I will give them more time later.

At first these plans along with an extremely ingenious propaganda campaign stirred great optimism and productivity within the Chinese people, but as years went by the initial flare and excitement went out and few of these promises, reforms and goals had been reached. In some cases the promises were lies. The real actions of the Communist party showed quite a different picture than the lie of democracy that it was feeding the people. The new government never was a democratic one. As a matter of fact it was a dictatorship controlled by the China’s Communist Party (CCP). Throughout the years the communist government consistently and cruelly suppressed any attempts for the country’s democratization.

1. You have to be prepared so that you can explain the following words and concepts.

This process began with Mao encouraging peasants to rebel against their landlords through the ‘speak bitterness campaign’, which allowed for the redistribution of land to the proletariat. However, individual land ownership was not truly communist; thus followed the gradual transition to farming collectives, and finally centralised communes in 1958, where land ownership was abolished. In addition to land reform, there were campaigns of mass suppression targeting counter-revolutionaries. Following the elimination of the landlord class, Mao began two movements aimed at corruption and enemies of the state, known as the 3-anti and 5-anti campaigns. The 3-anti campaign (1951), aimed at bureaucracy and waste, was succeeded by the 5-anti campaign (1952), which was aimed at theft, cheating, bribery and tax evasion. The result was an atmosphere of fear and suspicion, which served to strengthen Mao’s power base.

And even the Japanese operation against the Communists had opposite effect, because Three All Campaign’s aimed at turning people against the Communists by burning down their villages and crops, murdering the peasants made the peasants hate the Japanese even more and help the Communists attack them. The Japan-China war was a great success of the Communists because, by 1945, they controlled eighteen ‘liberation areas’ in the countryside. Invariably it was the Reds to whom the Japanese submitted.

In the written piece composed by Hongjie Wang, “Hot Peppers, Sichuan Cuisine and the Revolutions in Modern China” a variety of elements inclusive of the correlation between the spicy predilection and innovative characters present in the Chinese culture are discussed with consideration of the key elements of big history. In “Hot Peppers, Sichuan Cuisine and the Revolutions in Modern China”, Hongjie Wang discusses the Big History of the Sichuan cuisine. In this discussion, the argues that the cuisine isn’t that hot, indicating this as a myth, as the spice was abandoned after the 16th century and then replaced by newly introduced peppers until today. Wang notes when the hot peppers made Sichuan cuisine spicy through giving an overview of the trade

have a 90 minutes to complete the exam. The exam will cover all topics from the course. A

Midterm Instructions: Answer each question below in essay form, based on the principles and cases that we have reviewed so far this semester (i.e., Recognizing the Opportunity, Marshalling Resources).

1. What do the different strategies suggested and how are they related to the theories reviewed in this class (applied to the Elizabeth Arden case)? In other words, how does a contingency theory strategy differ from a VRIN strategy and differ from a game theory strategy for Elizabeth Arden? Clearly and completely articulate the differences and similarities that each of these lenses suggest?