P4 - explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body

Likewise, Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle, and then is pumped to the lungs to receive oxygen. From the lungs, the blood flows to the left atrium, then to the left ventricle, forming the complete circulation.

up the wall of the heart called the myocardium. Also like the skeletal muscles, the cardiac muscle

P4- Explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body.

There are three main types of blood vessels: arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries are vessels that usually carry highly oxygenated blood away from the heart and to the rest of the body. (The pulmonary trunk and related arteries are exceptions, as they actually carry blood from the lungs toward the heart.) Because arteries must transport high volumes of blood being forcefully pumped out by the heart and must therefore withstand greater pressure, most have thick, muscular walls and are more flexible as well. Arterioles, smaller types of arteries with thinner walls, branch off of the arteries to carry blood to another type of vessel, called the capillary. Capillaries are the most abundant blood vessels in the body. Thinner and smaller than the other blood vessels, the role of capillaries is to exchange substances like water, gases, chemicals, nutrients, wastes, etc. with the tissues of the body. The third type of blood vessel is the vein. Although they are generally larger than the other blood vessels, veins tend to have thinner, less flexible walls, as they are not forced to deal with such high blood pressures. Venules (veins’ versions of arteries’ arterioles) connect the capillaries to the veins, which then transport blood back

The same happens with Carbon Dioxide (CO2). The blood in the surrounding capillaries has a higher concentration of CO2 than the inspired air due to it being a waste product of energy production. This is when O2 and CO2 pass each other going back around the body systems to the heart. Once this is done the flow goes from Deoxygenated blood to Oxygenated blood.

Explain The Physiology Of Two Named Body Systems In Relation To Energy Metabolism In The Body

The cardiovascular system delivers blood, nutrients, ions, gases, and heat throughout your body. The cardiovascular system is a transportation system. It supplies oxygen to the body too and this is the most essential function of the cardiovascular system. http://www.livestrong.com/article/164894-5-major-functions-of-the-cardiovascular-system/ The cardiovascular system has other functions too. It carries digested food from the small intestine to all areas in the body that need it, distributes heat and fights diseases by using white blood cells to fight off

Catabolism is the set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units to release energy. In catabolism, large molecules such as lipids, nucleic acids and proteins are broken down into smaller units such as fatty acids and amino acids. When food is broken down energy is released as the foods molecules’ bonds are broken. Then this energy is used to reform the bonds that have been broken so that ATP can be recreated. More energy can be obtained when oxygen is present and the process proceeds on aerobically. The aerobic production of ATP occurs inside the mitochondria in cells. The broken down food molecules then enters the blood stream. Blood is a liquid connective tissue as it is made up of red and white living cells. Oxygen is transported in the red blood cells which are attached to a protein called haemoglobin. Nutrients including glucose are dissolved in the plasma. Plasma is a mixture of water, sugar, fat, proteins and salts. The main function of the plasma is to transport blood cells throughout your body along with nutrients, waste products, antibodies, clotting proteins and chemical messengers such as hormones that help maintain the body’s fluid balance. The red blood cells also carry iron which attracts oxygen. Our cells use oxygen to make energy. Iron is also needed to keep the immune system healthy and help brain cells. Without your heart, blood vessels and blood you wouldn’t be able to get the

The blood contains the oxygen, platelets, nutrients, red and white blood cells, hormones which are all important materials for metabolism.

Pulmonary circulation transports deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs where the blood picks up oxygen and returns

The heart, blood and blood vessels make up the basis of the cardiovascular system also known as the circulatory system. The average human body contains approximately 5 litres of blood which is carried around the body via a network of blood vessels split into three types; arteries, veins and capillaries. The arteries are the largest of the three vessels and carry blood away from the heart. Veins carry blood to the heart and are smaller than arteries, then finally the smallest vessels known as capillaries distribute the oxygen rich blood to organs whilst simultaneously picking up the waste carbon dioxide and water from the organs to transport back to the heart where it can be pumped into the lungs to be exhaled.

Haemoglobin is formed into cells in the bone marrow that become red blood cells. The red pigment in red blood cells carries oxygen. That is called haemoglobin. Haemoglobin is the protein molecules in the red blood cells that transports oxygen from the lungs and to the body and tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues of the lung. Each structure of the haemoglobin protein is composed of four polypeptide subunits cases is considered as one of the ionic bonds. Each subunit is called the cofactor heme group that has iron. Iron is the most important factor that actually binds to the oxygen. Iron is also responsible for the red colour of blood. Although each haemoglobin molecule is capable of transporting four oxygens, it takes the cooperation of four subunits of molecular to efficiently transport of oxygen throughout the human body.

Blood Blood is another important part of the body it carries nutrients, water, oxygen and waste products to places in your body. Your blood is pumped by your heart.

- Keep the oxygenated blood flows from the heart to body cells, apart from the pulmonary artery that takes the deoxygenated blood to the lungs

The heart is described as the most valuable organ in the body. The function of the heart is to pump blood throughout the body. The heart works to pump and circulate all of the materials our body needs to operate properly. The right side of the heart receives de-oxygenated blood from the body. The blood rides through the Tricuspid Valve into the Right Ventricle. After that, it pumps through the Pulmonary Valve into the Pulmonary Artery. This is where the de-oxygenated blood is taken to the lungs to get oxygen.