Parity between Men and Women in France
Nowadays, French society observes various inequalities. They can sometimes appear legitimate, especially in the economic and social areas, because they would only result from the individuals’ aptitudes and efforts; that would start with the same equal opportunities. However, women are becoming more and more recognized by the French population, which in turn, gives them increasing respect and responsibilities. However, we can still wonder if women, since they are the main subject, play the same roles in French society as men. Are these inequalities the result of an intense research of efficiency, and thus necessary? In other words, is parity just an ideal that does not guarantee an optimal management
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There is also an evolution towards more parity in fields not really feminized (such as engineer schools, preparatory classes to higher education institutions with competitive entrance examination), and a more important feminization of the fields already associated with females such as literature, art, etc (Ministry of National Education, Youth, and Community Life). Unfortunately, the parity observed in education is not applied in the job market. An equal professional insertion is still difficult for young women, and in opposition to their higher success at school.
We can notice that the employment rate is more important among women than among men in France, with 8 million unemployed women in 2008. They also have a lower activity rate: 65.5% versus 74.6% for men in 2008. Moreover, one third of them have a part-time job, which leads to a higher poverty rate: 7.4% versus 6.9% (INSEE). As a consequence, women live in more precarious life styles and are sources of various social and economic issues. Thus, there is no economic independence for women and therefore no equality for them. Finally, even though women are very active, the activity rate considerably decreases along with the number of dependent children. Women are consequently more qualified than men, but
We live in a society where men and women are not see the same nor are treated equally. Gender inequalities have always been an issue in our society. Women have always gain less respect than men based on their sex. The society has developed certain images and roles for males and females. Men are seen to have masculine traits such stability, independence, and confidence; whereas, women have more feminine traits such as nurturing, affection, and patience. As well, the society has developed the division of occupations for genders. Females are expected to work in caring professions such as: a nurse, sectary, or teacher. While men are expected to be: doctors, lawyers, and construction workers. These stereotypes of gender should not state what a woman can do. A woman should have the same opportunities as men when is come to issues such as paying rate and job positions. This paper will address gender inequalities that women face in their occupations.
During the 1800’s it was almost impossible for a female to attain an education because many believed that education was just for males. As society continued to develop, females began to attend school, allowing them to receive a proper education. However, gender has always had an influence in both males and females educational path. As previously stated, males have always dominated stem fields, while females have excelled in humanities. The culture one is educated in could be the major reason why there are different standards for males and females when it comes to education. However, as a society, we cannot simply say that one’s gender does not impact one’s educational path because statistics have proven
The increased need for more workers has led to less sexist decisions and more decisions being base off of qualifications. “As a result... women's share is supposed to increase from 46.4 to 46.8 percent,” Source A (Zupek). This source state that the amount of men and women in the workplace may soon be equal. A contrary justification would be that certain genders have specific qualities and their careers should pertain to that. Well, this argument can be easily disproved. Anyone can have any characteristic. Even men can have feminine
In the 21st Century the number of women enrolling in higher education institutions is surpassing the numbers of men enrolled. The graduation rates of women from high school and higher education are most often higher than for men. The number of women graduates from most professional occupations, including higher paying medicine, law and business, will exceed the number of men graduates in the near future. In numerous occupational areas with a majority of women graduates, salaries already surpass salaries in occupational areas with a majority of men graduates.
Changes are also occurring on university campuses across the nation as more young women than men are now seeking and excelling in obtaining secondary educations at major universities. This simply means more young women are delaying getting married and having families till later in life which is a huge change in tradition and seeking professional careers instead. However, they face many uphill challenges both now and in the future since they are not seen as equals in the professional arena in these rapidly changing modern
There is change concerning perspective on gender inequalities in schools. I In and article written by Diane Reay, called “Nice Girls” “Girlies,” and “Tomboys”: Gender Discourses, Girls’ Cultures and Femininities in the Primary Classroom, explains that contemporary gender power relations within an elementary classroom, is more complicated than “girls versus boys”. Reay found that girls were split into identifiable groups, each group defining how feminine they were or weren’t. She concluded that gender either operates as oppositions or hierarchy or most commonly both at the same time. These studies can lead us into why later on in life, during the time we are looking for jobs and professional work, men and women are seen on different playing fields. When you think of a CEO of a company or of world political leaders, does a male or female come to mind? Many, if not most of us, see these positions as being held by men. Even though we are approaching the twenty-first century, women in our society are still not equal to men when it comes down to the professional world. This discrimination in the workplace results in women not receiving the same benefits that men do. In certain cases women do the same job, for the same amount of hours, and still do not receive the same pay for their work. The average women’s paycheck is usually less than the average man, consistent with any field of work. Is there a
There are many issues going on in the public sphere, but the one I want to address would be if women are equally qualified as men for higher paying professional jobs. One text that helps support this issue is a video I found on TED Talk given by Debbie Sterling. In the video, Debbie asked the audience a series of questions about engineers, and then she goes on and explains how difficult it is for women to become engineers because they are set to a social bias. Debbie Sterling discussed that most girls initially view themselves as being a princess and more suited for traditional female roles in the workforce. This behavior and attitude begins at a very early stage and can be associated with how they played as a child and adapted to the social norm. I picked this specific text because I
Many of the reasons that new opportunities have arisen for women is because of the pushes that they have made to show they are just as equal as men. With new opportunities on the horizon for women, many began going to four year universities and tech colleges. The higher level of education has allowed women to gain larger roles in our society. According to Mary Grabar women are starting to take leaps ahead of men in education. Mary Grabar stated “Females make up 64 percent in English literature and 63 percent in English language and composition advanced placement classes”.
In the essay "The Plight of Young Males" written by Saul Kaplan, the author has discussed that while the male gender’s evolution has come to a near standstill, there has been significant development on the female side of education in recent years. I agree with the author in every point that he has discussed in his article. Kaplan has mentioned in his article that the male’s future is not very bright, as with the contemporary type of schooling system, it has been made for admission not for success, which is not the best for students.
Gender inequality in the workplace starts with gender inequality in education. There are many stereotypes of “female majors” and “male majors”. It is common to see greater numbers of females involved in education, liberal arts, and social service majors, where men are commonly seen in the STEM and business fields. These differences in majors are often caused by the stereotype that the more intense and demanding jobs need to be occupied by men. (Gender Discrimination in the Workplace) This frequently leads to differences in job levels, and, as a result, pay. (Introduction to Sociology, pg 288) In fact, only about 4.6% of women work in STEM fields compared to the 10.3% of men. (Women…Like Men, Only Cheaper) Recently, females have become involved in the so called male majors, such as engineering and business, leading to more equality in job qualifications. Even though
Imagine a clock; each component is made with a specific usage for the best performance of the clock. A clock can only function best when its face, three hands: hour, minute, second, the wheels, main string, pendulum… fulfill their responsibilities and work together harmoniously. What would happen if one day they all want to take over other parts’ places? Chaos would be a high possibility. Same mechanism goes to society. Men and women must cooperate and accomplish their duties to ensure a balanced society. We should not think of gender role as a burden, but instead, as a useful and practical instruction. With this guidance, a girl or a boy can grow up focusing on her or his role instead of getting lost. This does not mean the end of self-discovery, one should be able to explore his strengths, weaknesses, talents… But gender role might be used as an orientation on self-exploration in a right way to avoid wasting one’s time and creating disorganized
(Benoit). Despite the increased likelihood for women to now have gainful employment, the barriers maintained by archaic practices, keep employment options disproportionate. The injustices and forms of discrimination that the woman gender most often face are those of sexual segregation and wage disparity. Though steps have been taken to lessen the disparity between genders across occupations, still the distribution among gender remains distinct. For the caring and service industries, it was demonstrated that females made up to 70% of the workforce at the time of the census (Benoit). The trend is most noticeable among nurses, health therapists and clerks. This points to the clear indication of occupational sex segregation. Though women have shown an increase in certain careers such as managerial employees, and physicians, the fields of natural sciences are still largely male-dominated (Benoit). Even for those who have made their way into such fields quickly hit a “glass ceiling”, an unofficial barrier of advancement in a profession (McKay). Simply another limitation imposed often upon them due to their gender (Benoit). What is to be learned is that this gender segregation does not limit
During the second half of the twentieth century, several societies experienced a radical social change with the evident active presence of women in many areas (Frone, Russell, & Cooper, 1992). Women started to enter in the work labor and pursue higher education through enrollment in universities (Allen, 2001). Moreover, there has been an increase of women's participation in the economy (becoming CEOs of big companies) and in the politics (having women Senators and Presidents; Frone, Russell, & Cooper, 1992). Meanwhile, during this same period, there has been a remarkable growth of single-parent households headed by women who needs to work outside the home, take care of their children,
In the 19th century, women did not have equality when it came to higher education. However, the growth of public schools and the need for teachers led to increased enrollment for women, who were seen as particularly suitable to care for and educate children. Not coincidentally, school districts were also able to pay women much less than men. After some time, women's access to higher education expanded more broadly, as both single-sex and coeducational institutions opened their doors. As a result, females could begin to enter, at least in small numbers, traditionally male professions, becoming authors, doctors, lawyers, and ministers. If I had to compare how things have changed in regards to higher education in the 1900’s to 2016; I would say
Women can do things which belong to men and vice versa. However in awareness, we usually think in stereotypes - this belongs to man, the other of women. Social stereotypes always supported men in the field of occupational and leadership oriented, while for women the stereotypes attached to them with the