Personal Health Record (PHRs)
Nursing Informatics
Oluwatoyin Abolarin
Dr. Randolph Schild
11/30/2014
ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to generate information in regards to Personal Health Records (PHRs) in relation to the nursing profession. The emergence of PHRs came to light as a collective result of our complex set of medical needs, increasing need for timely access to health information’s without jeopardizing our privacy rights as patients, increasing advancement in technologies and pressure to reduce cost of effectively healthcare delivery.
I will be providing different definitions of PHRs, types and general features. I will support my definitions will existing literatures to show how close it is in meaning and features to
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Lee et.al (2009) identified the concept of the PHR as those that “includes an electronic application enabling individuals to access and manage their own lifelong health information, and to share all or parts of such information with other individuals or care providers or authorized persons in a secure and confidential environment”. Looking at more literature, “The Markle Foundation’s Common Framework states that the key characteristics of a PHR are that the patient controls his or her own PHR, that the information is from the patient’s entire lifetime, the PHR contains information from all providers, is accessible from anywhere at any time, and is both private and secure” (Kannry, et.al.2012. p. 594).
There are active debates about the power of PHRs in the literature but there are general consensus on the fact that they facilitate active interactions; for example, when patients collect and monitor daily health data e.g blood pressure, educate themselves on health information thereby increase knowledge, and challenge, inquire and probe health information especially, their own personal data.
The potential of patients actively engaging in their health and general wellness is dramatically enhanced by PHRs It is also very helpful to the community wellness, “In terms of population health, fully operationalized PHRs give epidemiologists, researchers, and policy makers vehicles
The health record is a collection of information about a patient’s past and present health. The primary purpose of the health record is to document the health history of the patient. It helps in patient care management and patient care support process. Moreover, record’s primary purpose is to get information for billing and reimbursement. The secondary purpose of the health record is to provide a legal record of care given and act as a source of data to support clinical audit, research, resource allocation, performance monitoring, epidemiology and service planning. Sometimes health information will be de-identified before it is used for these secondary
Personal Health Record (PHR) is like the EHR, as a record of storing your information about your health. PHRs allow you to access your information by using a password or ID. Physicians spend a lot of time on EHRs because they must document patient information. On the other hand, PHRs are used by patients to navigate through their own information whenever they wish. These tools may be very useful for patient care, but physicians should also incorporate one-on-one care to improve patient satisfaction.
While advancements in technology have positively impacted the nursing field, it has also created huge concerns with patient privacy and sharing of protected health information leading to detrimental effects to patients and their families. Indeed, technology is changing the face of healthcare with positive innovations to reduce medication errors and documentation errors. However, technology at our fingertips has created immense concerns with sharing of protected health information of patients via social media, email and other means of communication via technology. This paper addresses why I feel the advancement of technology has numerous deficits that need more research and implementation of new laws and policies to safeguard the
After decades of paper based medical records, a new type of record keeping has surfaced - the Electronic Health Record (EHR). EHR is an electronic or digital format concept of an individual’s past and present medical history. It is the principle storage place for data and information about the health care services provided to an individual patient. It is maintained by a provider over time and capable of being shared across different healthcare settings by network-connected information systems. Such records may include key administrative and clinical data relevant to that persons care under a particular provider. Examples of such records may include: demographics, physician notes, problems or injuries, medications and allergies, vital
In short, anyone using PHR data. Alert and vigilant users can help from preventing any security and privacy attacks. However, one will only be vigilant if he/she is explained about what PHR is all about, what are their rights? How can the data be mishandled? An overall awareness is needed to be developed. Special training should be imparted to patients who are involved in handling PHR. The training should talk about the security risks that can be a threat to their information and the mitigation approach. Patients who are unwilling to use PHR due to age, their data can be handled by trusted family members, caregivers
Healthcare organizations have been tasked to explicitly define organizational requirements for what their facility maintains as a legal health record and maintains as a designated record set. The requirement that healthcare facilities maintain a designated record set, in addition to a legal health record, is a HIPAA privacy rule (AHIMA, 2011). While all healthcare organizations will uniquely define both record sets, in order to be in compliance with HIPAA their definitions must contain common principles (AHIMA, 2011).
EHR was created to have a technical way to securely exchange private and personal medical health information in hopes to improve the quality of care, decrease medical errors, limiting paper use, reduction of health care cost, and increasing a person access to affordable health care. A mandate was created for EHR stating that health records can be accessible to all facilities with patients having the capability to access their own health records at any time. Ameliorating the quality and convenience of care given to a patient, allow for cost saving measures, engage the patient and family to participate in their care, improve accuracy of medical diagnosis, and enhance the efficiency of the overall outcome of the patients’ health.
Patients are taking an aggressive role in their healthcare needs. Patients desire to in touch with their medical records. Medical professionals are utilizing the Electronic Health Records to implement current data into information necessary to provide quality care for the patient. Thereby, managing patients’ current, and past histories. To understand what is occurring today, one must recognize why patients are taking an active approach to their healthcare.
On the other hand, some health care professionals are reluctant to adopt PHR due to concerns that additional work associated with the use of PHRs might not be reimbursed. Another factor is the interoperability between PHRs and existing EMRs or EHRs. The low adoption rate of PHRs among physicians could be due to the fact that the current PHR systems could not effectively support their needs and therefore could not be seamlessly integrated into their work
Public Health Record PHR is an electronic record of health-related information on an individual that is used by patients to maintain and manage their health information in a private, secure, and confidential environment. PHR can include information from a variety of sources, including health care providers and patients themselves.
This can lead to more successful patient health outcomes. "The promise of fully realized EHRs is having a single record that includes all of a patient's health information: a record that is up to date, complete, and accurate" (Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information, n.d.)
A personal health record (PHR) is an emerging health information technology that patients may use to participate in their own health care and improve the quality and efficiency of that care. Most articles written about PHRs have been published since 2000.
“… longitudinal electronic record of patient health information generated by one or more encounters in any care delivery setting”. Included in this information are patient demographics… reports. The EHR automates and streamlines the clinician 's workflow. The EHR has the ability to generate a complete record of a clinical patient encounter, and related activities directly or indirectly via interface—including evidence-based decision support, quality management, and outcomes reporting.”(GAO, 2010)
Personal health records (PHRs). PHRs allow patients to monitor and track of information from provider visits. PHR can also follow the trajectory of food intake,
For this reason, some experts think that the term “Personal Health Record” is not descriptive enough and can limit innovation and usage of these systems. Personal Health Record Systems (PHRS) and Personal Health Platforms (PHP) have been suggested as more appropriate terms.