STAGE 1 HEALTH • SACE No. 455219T
Issues Analysis: Sexuality and Sexual Health
TEEN PREGNANCY – By Emily Downing
According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, in 1981 the birthrate for women aged 15-19 was 28.2 births per 1000 women in that age bracket. In 2012, the birthrate for the same age bracket was 16.1 per 1000 women. As seen in the graph below, over that time the birthrate for teens has been declining with no significant peaks.
Above: Graph depicting progression of fertility rates (the number of births per 1000 women) for specific age brackets over time.
The teenage birthrate decline in Australia is due to a wide variety of factors. These are things such as changes to what teenagers learn in school, and the expectation that
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Schools can choose to have their own courses internally, where they have their own teachers run the classes, or they have the option to bring in teachers from a company that specialises exclusively in teaching sex education, such as Sex Education Australia. These companies are usually sponsored or funded by their state government. There are also numerous easily accessible online resources that teens can find in the safety of their own homes, a comfortable environment that they can feel safe in. Like in many other areas, the internet and the development of new technologies has revolutionised the way students can learn, and the way teachers can educate. The large database of the world wide web is at the fingertips of nearly every teenager, and if used correctly it can be an invaluable information source for teens without access to good sex education.
Teenagers in the 1980s had very few places to go for information if their health teacher was insufficient, especially if they wished to be discrete about their search for knowledge. In most places back then it was considered the norm that a teenager 's parents would be the ones to educate them on how to be safely sexually active. This was not a totally reliable method of educating young people, due to the fear felt by many parents and children alike regarding the extremely embarrassing 'Birds and the Bees ' conversation. Pop culture
One graph is showing US birth rates, by the mothers age during the years 1990-2009. This graph shows that the largest growing age of a mother is 40-44 years. In 1990 it was about 5.2 thousand and in 2009 it shows it has grown to approximately 10 thousand women. Women in the age ranges of 25-29 years, 20-24 years, and 30-34 years have remained consistent during the 10 year period.
Increased accessibility to birth control in addition to proper sexual education and understanding the risks of STDs is responsible for the decline in overall teenage pregnancy.
During 1920s, U.S. schools began to incorporate sex education to their courses. A 2002 study conducted by the Kaiser Family Foundation found that “58% of secondary school principals describe their sex education curriculum as comprehensive programs provide factual information about birth control, sexual transmitted disease, and continue the message to children about waiting to have sex.” (Johannah)
Teen pregnancy is still a major issue regardless of the declining pregnancy rate. In 2006 birthrates among teenage girls age ranging from 15-17 were more than 3 times as high as
While in high school, most teenagers between the ages 13-17, will have attended at least one sex education class. Instead of using the “Abstinence- Only” approach, schools should consider on teaching students the “Safe- Sex” approach to increase their knowledge on potential health risks involving sex. Increasing their knowledge not only increases their awareness, but lets them use their knowledge in the real world and let them form their own decisions, whether they be bad or good.
In twenty twelve, there were twenty nine point four births for every one thousand adolescent females ages fifteen through nineteen. That equals out to three hundred thousand three hundred eighty eight babies born to females in this age group. (Trends in Teen Pregnancy and Childbearing, 2014). The twenty nine point four birth rate was a decline of six percent from two thousand eleven. (Trends in Teen Pregnancy and Childbearing, 2014). Many different things affect teen birthrate, things like age, racial and ethnic group, and region of country. Teen birthrate is higher in African Americans and Hispanics than in Caucasians. According to (Trends in Teen Pregnancy and Childbearing, 2014), about eighty two percent of these teen pregnancies are unplanned, meaning that most teens are having intercourse just to have it, and are not planning on, or ready for a baby. In my opinion, you should only have intercourse if you fully understand the outcome, and are ready to have a child or are prepared for all outcomes. An estimated fifty nine percent ended in a live birth, fourteen percent of birth ended in miscarriage and twenty six percent ended in abortion. That
The numbers surrounding teen pregnancy and parenthood need to be examined before exploring any causes, reactions and responses to the phenomenon. The United Kingdom has consistently ranked second among developed countries with highest rates of teenage pregnancy. 15% of British women were found to have given birth before reaching the age of 20 in a 2001 study. The same research reported that 21% of British women reported non-use of contraceptive methods such as condoms at the time of their first sexual intercourse (Darroch et al.,
According to a research survey by UniSA’s Emeritus Professor Bruce Johnson, 77% of girls and 74% of boys cited their high school sexual education lessons as their number one source of information on sexuality and relationships, with friends being cited as their second most likely source. Such a large number of Australian teenagers count and rely on their PDHPE classes to teach them such paramount lessons about such an important topic. This leads us to assume that, if such a considerable percentage of high school students rely on these lessons for their sexual education, they must be learning everything they desire to know from these lessons. Unfortunately, this is not the case. Within the same research survey, it was discovered that there were many subjects students wished were taught more in depth. 52% of girls wanted more
The Guttmacher report jives with the recent National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) which show that the number of teen pregnancy and the birth rate have both dropped to all-time lows since the 1940s. The data reflect that there were only 25 teen births for every 1,000
The report I chose to review from the Child Trends website was Teen Births. This report compared teen birth rates from 1960 to 2014 between ages (15-19), race and marital status. The birth rate is averaged by dividing the number of births by the population of the group out of 1,000. The report also reveals the risk factors for mother and child with having children prematurely. Also, while not much information is given, the report also includes some statistics of male teen birth rates and why conclusive data is so shy.
Statistics from recent studies suggest that only 13% of U.S. teens have ever had sex by the age of 15. But by the age of 19, seven in ten teens of both sexes have had sex. Between 1995 and 2006-2008, the percentage of teens aged 15-17 who had ever engaged in sexual intercourse declined from 38% to 28%. Among teens aged 18-19, it declined from 68% in 1995 to 60% in 2006-2008. The pregnancy rate among young women has declined steadily from 117 pregnancies per 1,000 women aged 15-19 in 1990 to 70 per 1,000 in 2005. However in 2006, the rate increased for the first time in more than a decade, rising to
In 2015, the national teen birth rate for non-Hispanic white females was 90,833. The teen birth rate for non-Hispanic black females was 50,039. Along with the teen birth rates for Hispanic 80,364, American Indian/Alaska Native 4,738, and Asian/Pacific Islander 4,297. The national percentage of teen pregnancies to girls under the age of 15 was 1 percent. Girls age 15-17 was 26 percent and girls age 18-19 was 73percent.
In 1950, were approximately 3.5 million births with women having an average of 3.8 children (“Measuring childbearing patterns in the United States 2010”.) As of the 2010 women on average have 1.9 children. This
Traditionally, adolescents in many cultures were not given any information on sexual matters, with the discussion of these issues being considered taboo. Such instruction, as was given, was traditionally left to the child 's parents, and often this was put off until just before a child 's marriage. The progressive education movement of the late 19th century, however, led to the introduction of "social hygiene" in North America school curricula and the advent of school-based sex education. Despite early inroads of school-based sex education, most of the information on sexual matters in the mid-20th century was obtained informally from friends and the media, and much of this information was deficient or of dubious value, especially during the period following puberty, when curiosity about sexual matters was the most acute. This deficiency was heightened by the increasing incidence of teenage pregnancies, particularly in Western
Teen pregnancy is declining though. It is mostly because of the advances in birth control practices but also teenagers are realizing the potential harm having a baby can do to their future. More teens have seen their older sibling or friends with a baby and don’t see them going out to parties or the club anymore and realize it