Moreover, Bidil race labeling might actually have undermined the broader goal of increasing racial minorities’ participation in clinical trials (Winickoff and Obasogie, 2008). For instance, by specifying African Americans as the only beneficiaries of BiDil, the same idea could be applied for a special efficacy drug for Whites, “the largest and most lucrative population segment of the United States” (Winickoff and Obasogie,2008). This logic could be used to justify the exclusion of non-Whites from clinical trials. This seems to be what happened in 2006 when Schering-Plough decided to exclude African Americans from the Phase 2 trial of SCH 503034, an investigational hepatitis C protease inhibitor. “Even though African Americans have the highest hepatitis C prevalence of any racial group in the United States, the company excluded this population not for any safety rationale but to boost efficacy numbers” (Winickoff and Obasogie,2008). BiDil, as a race-specific medicine also encourages the trend for other pharmaceutical companies to try and come up with other drugs in order to copy Bidil marketing success.
The role of law as a player in the emergence of Bidil as an ethnic drug began in the 1980s, around the same time as the initiation of V-HeFT I (Kahn,2005). Two legislations signed by President Carter would encourage interactions between industry and academic researchers and inevitably make it easier for Bidil to emerge as an ethnic drug. The first, the Stevenson- Wydler
From the beginning of the War on Drugs, racial discrimination was the focus. Hari gives readers a look into the beginning of this war by discussing Harry Anslinger and his determination to be in a position of power. Anslinger was appointed to run the Federal Bureau of Narcotics and from the start he was faced with numerous problems (Hari 2015: 10). He was leading a department that was small and filled with corrupt workers. Anslinger needed a bigger department and after the prohibition on alcohol failed, his department needed to tackle something better. In order to do so, Anslinger made a commitment to eradicate
Today the number are in the war on drug is a huge failure with devastated unintended consequences, it lead to mass incarceration in the us, to corruption, to political destabilization, and violence in latin america, asia, and africa. To systemic human right abuse across the world.”-Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell
BiDil is a medication used to treat heart failure in African Americans. With its approval by the FDA in 2005, the drug was sought out to be a significant step towards personalized medication. With personalized medicine, we could begin to see reduced prices as well as healthier individuals. The real question is… What type of medicine is in BiDil that targets ONLY African Americans? Could this be a marketing scheme?... Or are African Americans that much different than any other ethnic group?
Drugs have had a noteworthy effect on American history since the establishing of the main English state at Jamestown in 1607. Indeed, even as drugs, lawful or not, have added to the development of the country 's economy, Americans have attempted to discover approaches that point of quarantine drugs’ negative impacts on society without producing negative reactions of their own. Also, if drugs have existed since the start, so have drug issues or addictions. Thus have undertakings to take care of those drug issues.
In looking on the subject of race you realize there is a racial stigma when it comes to health care. The American health care system is geared to treat the majority, while the minority suffers. As one looks at the African American society we see the racial discrimination in the health care system. According to the American heart association, “African Americans are 28% more likely
Doris Marie Provine writes her book, Unequal under law: Race in the War on Drugs, to inform her audience that race plays a key role in the War on Drugs. She writes about how this war has become a war on race rather than a war intended to improve drug abuse. Provine begins her book with some background on the first account of the “war on drugs”. She describes how the prohibition age was the beginning of this war which targeted women and blacks. In Unequal under law, Provine explains how different race groups have been given crime labels. Africans have been labeled as the cocaine abusers, Mexicans are known as the weed smokers, and Chinese are deemed the opium addicts. She argues that the government supported the war on drugs although it knew
When it comes to healthcare racial disparities continue to be an ongoing issue. In fact racial disparities have been a topic of discussion since desegregation. The US Department of Health and Human Services, in 1984 published a report that called attention to the healthcare disparities. The report was called Heath, United States 1983(Dougher, 2015). Within the context of the report there lies a passage that describes the major disparities that are within the burden of illness and death that is experienced by African Americans and other minorities, “despite significant progress in the overall health of the nation” (Dougher, 2015). It was evident that there was a serious lack of health care minorities.
On November 11th, 2004, NitroMed, a Massachusetts based pharmaceutical company published a study on the effects of a new drug called BiDil in treating heart failure among African Americans in the New England Journal of Medicine (Taylor 2049). Since announcing the study, NitroMed’s research has sparked controversy surrounding the ethical implications and scientific evidence of race-based medicine. This study marks a breakthrough in race-based drug treatments as the first pharmaceutical ever researched, endorsed and targeted for a
In science and medicine, advancement and achievement occurs everyday. Unfortunately, this same progressive profession can be a microcosm for the discrimination that happens worldwide daily, and sometimes seems to be exacerbating alongside discoveries in health. It is undeniable, however disappointing, that health disparities exist. Because of biases and adversities based on an endless list of aspects including, but not limited to, location, race, gender, disability, and socioeconomic status, health disparities are extremely harmful to their victims. With a growing number of minority populations in every demographic, combating health disparities is necessary for the wellbeing of the overall population and improving medical care. My interest
Given that new racism masks racial predisposition, current racism restrains the public from addressing ethical issues and from creating social improvements. By “[u]ndermining or disguising the impact of racism on racialized health disparities,” the AJPH editorial on “Black Lives Matter: A Commentary on Racism and Public Health” notes that “the perpetuation of these inequities” (Garcia et al. 27) initiates constant ignorance and does not lessen the problems of racism. Instead, racism falls into institutional categories that globally spreads to cultivate its immoral notion. Persistently oblivious to racism, society adapts to malicious racist dispositions as it denies the presence of racism. On the other hand, the journal article “The Past, Present, and Future of Informed Consent in Research and Translational Medicine” mentions the emerging issues of bioethics from past and future complications (Susan M. Wolf et al. 9). Emphasizing concerns on informed consent, the researchers call on the complex issues by exposing how decision-making affects professionals and their participants. Discussing future innovations, the researchers assert that professionals must carry the participants’ choice in a methodical fashion that aims to protect individual rights. As patient advocates, professionals must respect patient privacy, private ownership, and informed consent. Therefore, affirmative action offers a
America is at war. We have been battling drug mishandle for very nearly a century. Four Presidents have by and by battled against medications. Sadly, it is a war that we are losing. Tranquilize abusers keep on filling our courts, healing centers, and detainment facilities. The medication exchange causes rough wrongdoing that assaults our neighborhoods. Offspring of medication abusers are ignored, manhandled, and even surrendered. The main recipients of this war are sorted out wrongdoing individuals and street pharmacists.
Although there is no biological basis for race, various ethnic groups have unique health problems associated with them. For example, sickle cell in African Americans, or Indians and hypertension. When talking about genetic difference, we straddle a fine line. With its history in racism in eugenics, it’s important to understand that these genetic differences don’t necessarily have anything to do with. As explained by Eric Kraut (2007), sickle cell is not a ‘black’ disease. The genes for sickle cell are present in Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, African, and Indian DNA. Due the the regions in which certain ethnicities have lived, small and normally inconsequential genetic traits can get expressed as illness. That’s nothing new. Huntington 's disease that affects a lot of people of European ancestry, but as Stephanie Liou (2012) explores, Huntingtons is also prevalent in the Japanese. These types of genetic differences aren’t racial, certain ethnic groups just have higher chances of expressing certain genes. Overall our genetic makeups are still almost the same. Here is where the health disparity lies. Not viewing these genetic differences actively hurts the health of minority groups. We need to look at the effects of genetic differences in health diversity, this is so much more important any rhetoric we discuss about race, it’s not just hurting people’s socio-economic status. When we fail to accept genetic
Drug legalization is an enduring question that presently faces our scholars. This issue embraces two positions: drugs should not be legalized and drugs should be legalized. These two positions contain an array of angles that supports each issue. This brief of the issues enables one to consider the strengths and weakness of each argument, become aware of the grounds of disagreement and agreement and ultimately form an opinion based upon the positions stated within the articles. In the article “Against the Legalization of Drugs”, by James Q. Wilson, the current status of drugs is supported. Wilson believes if a drug such as heroin were legalized there would be no financial or medical reason to avoid heroin usage;
One the many controversies in our country today, regards the prohibition of illegal narcotics. Deemed unhealthy, hazardous, and even fatal by the authorities that be; the U.S. government has declared to wage a “war on drugs.” It has been roughly fifteen years since this initiative has begun, and each year the government shuffles more money into the unjust cause of drug prohibition. Even after all of this, the problem of drugs that the government sees still exists. The prohibition of drugs is a constitutional anomaly. There are many aspects and sides to look at the issue from, but the glaring inefficiency current laws exude is that any human should have the right to ingest anything he or she desires. The antagonist on the other end
The so-called “War on Drugs,” as declared by the Nixon administration in the signing of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, marked the beginning of the current era of mandatory minimum sentencing, racism, privatized prisons, and a powerful constituency that profits as a result of the prohibition of drugs. Psychoactive substances have been apart of the human experience as long as humans have walked the earth. There is little hope that drug production will ever be curtailed, so long as there is a demand; a demand that has remained steady even though it has been forty years since the beginning of said war. As Judge James P. Gray from the Superior Court of Orange County has so plainly put it: “Where did this policy