Citizen (2014), by Claudia Rankine, is a book that explores racism and prejudice that is happening in the United States. Rankine incorporates personal encounters, reactions, reflections, writing and art pieces, historical events, and the media to prove the point that racism is still very prominent to this day. For a majority of the book, Rankine writes short pieces about her personal encounters that deals with some form of racism, whether it happened to her or if she witnessed racism happening to other people. Within those short pieces, Rankine refers to herself as “you,” because she wants her readers to see what racism looks like in her shoes, even if the readers have not personally been affected by racism. Throughout the book, Rankine includes several symbols that are important to her that shows the audience that those symbols may be small, but they have a huge impact on how people perceive them. Some of the symbols that Claudia Rankine uses throughout Citizen is the color line, complexion of skin tone, and angry. What are the significance of each?
When racism was more common in the United States, there was blunt segregation happening before people’s eyes. White people lived in areas with more opportunities, and better living arrangements, whereas black people were forced to live in lesser more ghetto parts of town. Although, the color line is not as prominently visible, there are still insistences that have occurred to this today that proves the color line is not
Even if slavery is not the presiding rule of the land on this planet any longer, segregation based on appearance still exists, just as the "social construction of ‘whiteness’ historically has implied the racial superiority of whites", and prompted the "separate but equal" doctrines of the late nineteenth century (Rundblad & Kivisto xxxi).
In his essay, “The Souls of the Black Folk” Du Bois (1903) states that “the problem of the Twentieth Century is the problem of the color-line,-the relation of the darker to lighter races of men in Asia and Africa, in America and the islands of the sea” (275). According to Appelrouth and Edles (2012: 269) “the color line is both a preexisting social and cultural structure and an internalized attitude”. In addition, they explain that the color line “addresses the historical and institutional (i.e., colonial) dimensions of race” (269).
Ifemelu once said “I discovered race in America” (499). Even though racism is not only an American problem, due to its great diversity, America definitely is one of the nations that have the most social struggles and conflicts associated with races. In her famous novel, Americanah, Adichie vividly depicts how racism would affect a person and how that character would respond to such discrimination through various perspectives. By demonstrating the devastating effect of racism on characters in her novel, Adichie successfully establishes a powerful argument that racism is a tumor deeply rooted within the society and even though its removal will be time-consuming and challenging, it is still the uttermost urgency. Throughout the novelplot, characters in Adichie’s book have a variety of responses when they encounter racial discriminations, yet the message Adichie tries to send through these responses is the same: racism causes great pain in this society.
Today racial inequality is ongoing whether you are aware of it or not. We have come a long way from segregated seats to public transportation. The issue of race and race relations has really scarred the history of this nation and has been a constant reminder of the horrors people endured as a result of race relations in this country. The ideas from both of the readings explain how black Americans faced hatred and violence because they were viewed as less then. The writings also include how each leader is trying to change the world’s view of
Imagine a world where prestige is evaluated by neither one’s character nor accomplishments, but predetermined by skin color. Visualize a world in which the nuances of skin color are used to sort and divide people amongst two factions: White or Black. Envision society segregated. Whites and Blacks tossed into two different worlds, as if mankind is a pile of dirty laundry which needs to be organized by color. The reality is this hypothetical world did in fact exist in the United States prior to the 1970s.
Abraham Joshua Heschel once said, “Racism is man’s gravest threat to man - the maximum of hatred for a minimum of reason.” In the novel Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston, characters face many acts of racial discrimination growing up while living in the South during the 1930’s. In the novel Hurston shows how a racial caste system is formed. As the story progresses, the reader is able to see how the caste system affects different characters in different ways. This shows that even if people do not experience oppression in the same way as another, it doesn’t mean that they don’t bare the same weight, but might react to the weight differently.
Back in the early 1800’s, the color of one’s skin mattered amongst African Americans and Caucasian people. There was infidelity between the Caucasian slave owners and the African American slaves. Of course, the outcome of that produced a fairer toned child. In most cases the child could pass as white. The mixed toned kids got to be inside doing housework, while the dark Negroes worked in the fields, under extraneous work conditions,”their dark-toned peers toiled in the fields”(Maxwell). From the early 1800’s to modern day, there is controversy that light or bi-racial African Americans are better than dark colored African Americans. African Americans had to go through tests to see if they were able to receive priviledges
Since the beginning of the United States, race has always been a social construct in which Anglo Saxon people were able to benefit from it. Institutional racism enacted at the federal level and state level, that intentionally dehumanized the people of color justified the mistreatments. During the time the suburbs were constructed the G.I Bill effectively benefited whites, as whiteness itself is an indicator of certain public benefits, such as housing and rights that were granted. While on the other hand, those resources like property were deliberately rejected to Blacks and other minority groups. Aside from the National and State level, it is important to understand the relationship between race and space at the local level. In this essay, I agree that color-blindness, the Boy Scout, and Schools perpetuate, produce, and subvert ideas of race that shape the relationship between race and place at the local level.
In America, segregation and economic inequality has divided the country in two. Not only has the citizens in this great nation suffered from these oppressing factors, but also the development of this great nation. In this essay, I will discuss how segregation and economic inequality has impacted America. I will also discuss how the ghetto was created from a deliberate plan to separate the “inferior races” from the “superior races”.
Throughout time, around the world there has been an invisible racial barrier which has affected race, colonialism, enslavement, policies, and incarceration. Multiple efforts have been made to break down the racial boundary but in reality, racism is still very alive to this day. Progress has been slow to end the race boundaries due to changes in US Immigration laws, changes in the US Criminal Justice system, and the problems of the 20th century being the problem of the color line.
Trepagnier references the conclusion that “racism has not necessarily lessened since the 1960s...but has become less obvious” (16). Racism denotes the social policy, action, attitude and institutional structure that make people feel inferior because of their differences mostly color (Sue 7). This insubordination of the people of color occurs in the form of inferior health amenities, education, housing and employment. However, I agree with Trepagnier’s conclusion that racism has not receded since the 1960’s.
Racism is a major evil in this world. The horrific acts that occurred on June 17, 2015 were a total and complete act of racism. Dylann Roof entered a historically black church, attended a bible study, and as the night ended he opened fire on everyone in attendance, the deaths totaling to nine. The image, taken by Stephen B. Morton signifies hope for humanity, no matter how hopeful it cannot cover up the morbidness of the acts that occurred just one day before. The image a representation of race issues in America today and shows how far we have come by supporting one another no matter the color at times of need. It also represents how racism among other things is still a prominent issue in modern day America. The photograph places the
On the twenty-sixth of February 2014 our drama class travelled to The Fortune Theatre situated in London to see the exhilarating adaptation of the thriller fiction novel The Woman In Black written by Susan Hill that was adapted into a stage play by Stephen Mallatratt. The drama arose from many sources and routes – particularly the production that was involved.
One of the many sad things about being an African American woman is that she suffers not just one but double racism as a black and as a woman. Lorraine Hansberry in 1959 wrote a play, Raisin in the Sun, focusing on an African American Family living in the mid 20th century, emphasizing how terrible it is to live as a woman and as black in the United states. It is a play that symbolizes the American society in the 20th century by characters. The play is about on how a colored family tries to change their lives for the better after they receive their father’s death insurance money. the money created misunderstandings and arguments in the family as they all try to manage it the way they want, but in the end the person who gets the chance to manage the money and do what he wants to do is the male of the house. Set in Chicago in the 1950s, where housing crisis and racial discrimination was at its peak, the play definitely gives a powerful revolutionary message to all minority groups in the United States. Played by African American family, the play Raisin in the Sun, gives an insight to how a socially low ranked colored family lives day-by-day. In addition to the racial discrimination, the play also shows the mistreat women, especially women of color, suffer and calls for revolution. The play fives a clear explanation to how the 20th-Century-America is not a place where a
Racism is a feminist issue–just as much as fair wages, political equality, and education. In battling for sexual rights, working with politicians, protesting the wage gap, and multiple other urgent popular issues, problems specific to women of colour and other minorities are often overlooked. If feminism truly aims for equality, then it is key to acknowledge that not all women are white, heterosexual and able-bodied. As cultural patterns of oppression are bound together by the intersectional systems of society, such as ethnicity, gender, wealth, and culture, different women experience opposition with different restrictions. Although the feminist movement has gained more racial equality up to the 21st century, its antebellum period of the early 1900’s was truly sectional, with severe racism limiting the influence of the movement and how successfully its goals could be reached. In her novel, the Color Purple, author Alice