Research Paper On Euthynnus Alletteratus

A Review of “The Devil and Deep Blue Sea” by Linda Pannozzo Introduction In her book The Devil and the Deep Blue Sea: An Investigation into the Scapegoating of Canada’s Grey Seal, Linda Pannozzo accomplishes few important things: she makes a compelling argument for the senseless killing of grey seal; she provides an analytic framework for the reasons of the decline of cod fish; and she provides a wealth of information on the politic behind scapegoating of Canada’s grey seal. Pannozzo presents The Devil and Deep Blue Sea in a clear and unbiased matter, but its presentation is by no mean elementary. Pannozzo’s book is meticulously researched, thus providing us with both quantitative and statistical account surrounding seal ways of life, their diet, history and other necessary aspects of marine life ecosystem. Book Summary

Brooks and Dodson, the authors of the article titled “Predation, Body Size, and Composition of Plankton”, conducted research on the effect the small fish called Alosa Pseudoharengus has on an ecosystem, more specifically, different lakes in New England. Along with the data they collected on the aforementioned matter, they studied the sizes and the composition of the miniscule zooplankton inhabiting the lakes, and compared it with that of the Alosa. Their research uncovered important facts regarding water ecosystems and how they are so easily thrown off balance.

Biology: The average length of a Skipjack Tuna is 32 inches long (80cm) and weigh anywhere between 7-22 pounds (8-10kg). The current record for the biggest Skipjack Tuna weighs in at 76 pounds (34.5kg) and was 43 inches long (108cm). The colour of the top region is either dark blue or purple, and the lower region including the belly are primarily a silver colour with anywhere from 4-6 dark, broken lines that run across the body (FLMNH). The body shape is elongated and possesses a fusiform shape, meaning it is wide in the middle and tapers at both ends; it also possesses a bilateral symmetry. There are two dorsal fins present, the first consisting of around 14-16 spines. There is a small gap in between the two fins, and the second fin is

To truly understand the cause of this awful fish mortality crisis in the HAGS Company, it is essential that we gather all the information we can about the normal living conditions of both the Halibut and Grunion fish. Halibut or Hippoglossus, is a flatfish from the family of the right-eye flounder fish, the largest of all the flatfish, and can grow to more than 8 ft long and 700 lbs. They usually reside in the North Pacific and the North Atlantic oceans, and are a readily enjoyed food all around the world. Physically, they are dark brown on the top side with a cream underbelly and have very small scales embedded within their skin.This color scheme is a form of countershading and disguises Halibut from above and from below by blending into the light above and the ocean floor below simultaneously. Halibut live at depths from nearly 10-100 meters, yet spend most of their time near the bottom, they can often move up the water column to feed.Younger Halibut, up to 10 years of age, are highly migratory, and generally migrate in a clockwise direction. Relatively inactive yet strong swimmers, able to eat a large variety of fish such as cod, crab, and shrimp. Adult Atlantic

The smalltooth sawfish Pristis pectinata (Latham 1794) species are a large batoid elasmobranch that prefers very specific habitats (Simpfendorfer et al., 2010). They are also a K-selected species, which means that the smalltooth have a late maturity, a small pup size and a slow growth rate (Seitz & Poulakis, 2006). The smalltooth sawfish species can be identified from the undefined or undeveloped lower caudal fin (Gómez-Rodríguez et al., 2014). Another identifier is the first dorsal fin is in line with the beginning of the pelvic fin (Gómez-Rodríguez et al., 2014). Unlike the other sawfish, the P. pectinata have about 20 to 34 rostral teeth on the saw, which is more than most species (Gómez-Rodríguez et al., 2014).

The Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) is an anadromous species that is found along the west coast of North America, primarily along the coast of Washington, Oregon, and northern California. E. tridentatus is a semelparous species that can live up to five years and can spend up to three and a half years in saltwater. They begin metamorphosis in July and the known period of entry into salt water is from December until June. In the ocean E. tridentatus have been documented to primarily feed on Pacific Salmon species such as Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch), Sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka), and Pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). O. tshawytscha have endured most lamprey attacks because researchers believe that E. tridentatus attack this salmon when it is making the transition to swim back up stream to spawn. E. tridentatus who do not represent an anadromous life style also prey heavily on resident salmonid species. Salmonid species have an important role in the diet and life history of E. tridentatus as they are an important prey item.

The Atlantic cod fishery collapse left terrible ecological consequences. As mentioned above, the fishing technology was a major destruction to the ecological system by using deployment and draggers. The huge nets that were dropped and dragged along the bottom of the ocean destroyed the underlying eco-system in the process. The effect of selective fishing on spawning grounds – that is, selectively over-exploiting one species in an ecosystem – had disastrous effect on the feeding relationships in that ecosystem. This contributes to the overall reduction of spawning stock biomass of the targeted species, but also an increase in the number of invertebrate and vertebrate predators such as crustacean and fish which will prey on cod eggs, larvae, and younger fish. It is a little wonder that a species like cod, would eventually run into difficulties struggling to survive when its habitat is being continuously destroyed and the balance of their food chain had been wiped out.

They feed during the day and at night on fishes and cephalopods, and they are known to attack smaller dolphins that are involved in the tuna purse-seine fishery in the Pacific Ocean.[4]

The allusive bluefin tuna is one of the largest, fastest and highly sought after fish in the wild sea. The Bluefin tuna can weigh over half a ton, grow to over four metres in length, and dive to depths of 1,000 metres. They can reach speeds of 70 miles an hour and even raise their body temperature far above that of the surrounding water in order to traverse arctic waters. They are among the most ambitiously migratory of all fish, with some tagged bluefin being tracked swimming from North American to European waters several times a year. The bluefin tuna is unique, a perfectly adapted products of evolution. They are also dangerously close to becoming extinct (Brown). Today, the bluefin tuna has been fished out by 97 percent from pre-fishing

The Nazca Boobies have been apart of a 30 year long study by Wake Forest University biologist. During the course of this study, they measured how the natural population size has been affected by climate change. Scientist discovered as the temperature of the water increased, the population size of the bobbies decreased. They believe this was due to a nutrient poor diet. Sardines, the bird’s natural prey, have suffered due to an increase in water temperature causing the population to venture out further away from the bird’s foraging range. This eventually pushed the sardine out beyond the scope of the bobbies reach. As the sardine population moved away from the island, boobies were forced to consume a less nutritious source of food, flying fish.

Mature puffins while lie both from the Pacific and Atlantic are able to eat a variety of sea critters whether it shall be fish or zooplankton which can all be suitable for their consumptions and is the basis to the puffins diet. Now for the baby puffin things change slightly, puffin feed the offspring several times per day and tend to be of the smaller size fish which are easier for consumption. “The most frequently recorded prey in terms of frequency of occurrence were 0 group (< 1 year old) Lesser Sandeel Ammo-dytes marinus (82% of stomachs), followed by mesopelagic fish (52%), nereid

The sea anemone dines on a few different small fish. The sea anemone will sting an innocent fish just swimming by with its

They flourish on a variety of food, from tiny crustaceans like shrimps and snails to insects like mosquitoes and insect larvae. They also eat lettuce and peas. They can be fed with either fresh foods and accept typically available flakes or pellets. It is suggested to serve them food only once to 2 times each day. In addition, be wary of placing little fishes in the same aquarium with the them because they are able to simply slot in their mouths and most sure to be eaten. Excepting the accessibility of their food, they

The Elasmobranchs are a subclass of class Chondrichthyes. The Chondrichthyes are classified as the Cartilaginous fishes. Aside from the Elasmobranchs, this class has another subclass named Holocephali which is comprised of the chimaera. The Elasmobranchs are comprised of sharks (Selachii) and the rays and the similarly structured skates (Batoidea) Van-Eyl, S. M., Siebeck, U. E., Champ, C. M., Marshal, J., & Hart, N. S. (2011). There have been fossils of sharks found dating about 400 million years and while there is much data that points to diversification throughout the millennia, skates and rays only appear about 200-100 million years ago (Wilga 2005). The Elasmobranchs are classified apart from other fishes despite their external similarities due to several key structural differences. One of these is the absence of a swim bladder. True fishes use this gas filled organ to control their buoyancy without having to waste physical energy on maintaining the desired depth in water. Instead, the Elasmobranchs have developed especially large livers that can produce and withhold large amounts of oil. This is especially evident in the sharks where the liver can sometimes weigh up to 20 percent of their total body weight.

The dwarf puffer fish is a unique species of fish that survives and thrives. Its structure is a very all-around animal which could be found in it’s habit in Asia. The environment of these puffer fish are very unique due to it’s physical structures. It’s common features to other marine creatures make it belong to a unique class. Their alliance with their physical structures, the Dwarf puffer fish advanced their behaviours based on their environment and habitat. The characteristics of this fish are more than rare. Proved by all this evidence, this proves that the dwarf puffer fish is a quirky fish.