Research Paper On Hypothermia

This form of respiratory distress is commonly seen in premature newborns because their lungs are immature and do not have enough surfactant to keep the lungs open. It is seen almost immediately after birth or in the few hours following birth.

Hypothermia can be prevented by maintaining a neutral thermal environment and reducing heat loss. For prevention in reduction of heat consider the four ways by which the neonate experiences heat loss and intervene appropriately.

Malignant Hyperthermia is primarily thought to be an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that causes a hypermetabolic state after administration of volatile anesthetics. When a patient is under anesthesia, the muscles are usually relaxed, but when a patient is experiencing Malignant Hyperthermia crisis, certain IV anesthesia causes the opposite effect. Most inhaled anesthetics other than nitrous oxide, cause or trigger Malignant Hyperthermia. More specifically, the anesthetic agents: Halothane, Chloroform, and Succinylcholine. The genic condition of Malignant Hyperthermia only becomes apparent when a patient is exposed to certain anesthetics such as halothane, which causes muscle rigidity.

Articles discussing the accurate recordings of pediatric patient’s body temperature were cited in this article. A logical sequence is followed in the literature review. It begins with a general overview of the historical importance of accurately recording a patient’s body temperature. The authors get more specific and cite studies on temperature recording techniques in children. For instance, in justifying conflicting data, the researchers cite a similar study conducted on new born babies by Polit & Beck (2008), where the recordings from the two methods were

Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is a genetically inherited, pharmacogenic disorder involving a severe malfunction within the skeletal muscles, causing them to be stuck in a contracted state. It is found to be triggered in susceptible patients by the administration of certain anesthetic agents during and after surgical procedures. It may also be activated by the use of other drugs, such as muscle relaxants and triggered by other circumstances such as stress, trauma, and even exercising. Not only are the muscles normal physiology affected, but abnormalities of the whole body occur disrupting its natural homeostasis. If it is not treated immediately, it can be fatal. Susceptibility is found in patients who have had a known family history of MH. In order for a medical professional or a patient to be prepared to handle MH one must understand how it affects the normal physiology of the body, what signs to look for, and how it can be diagnosed, treated, and prevented. There is no cure for MH, but there are specific drugs and precautionary measures that are used to prevent and treat it when a patient is susceptible.

•NANDA diagnoses: Fluid Volume Deficit R/T failure of regulatory mechanism, risk for impaired parent/infant attachment R/T neonates physical illness and hospitalization, hyperthermia R/T inflammatory process AEB an increase in body temperature, warm skin, and tachycardia, ineffective tissue perfusion R/T impaired transport of oxygen across alveolar and on capillary membrane, and interrupted breastfeeding R/T neonate’s present illness AEB separation of mother to infant.

They are many factors which contribute towards sudden infant syndrome such when expectant mothers smoke throughout pregnancy or when they let anyone smoke in the same room as the baby (both before and after birth). Parents mustn’t sleep on a bed, sofa or armchair with your baby. Furthermore, parents shouldn’t share a bed with your baby if either the mother or the partner smoke or take drugs. Babies mustn’t get too cold or too hot and they must be kept in a room which has a temperature between 16°C - 20°C, with light bedding will provide a relaxed sleeping environment for your baby. Babies should never sleep with a hot water bottle or electric blanket, next to a radiator, heater or fire, or in direct sunshine.

It’s important to make sure your baby isn’t too hot or too cold. If your baby gets too hot, he may be more at risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), also known as cot death. SIDS is uncommon in babies who are less than a month old and most common during their second month. Nearly 90 per cent of cases of SIDS happen in babies under six months old. But the risk reduces as your baby grows older, and very few cases of SIDS happen after a year.

Autoerotic Asphyxiation also referred to as hypoxyphilia is “a form of sexual masochism characterized by the use of self-strangulation up to the point of loss of consciousness in order to enhance sexual arousal” (Atanasijević T, 2009). People who have autoerotic disorder occasionally will seek psychiatric help, on those occasional times that they do seek help it is for depression and/or anxiety. Talking about their sexual practices does not come up in therapy unless the therapist examines the client’s sexual history. A majority of men that do practice autoerotic asphyxia do not talk about it let alone want to discuss that they practice it. (Atanasijević T, 2009)

warm clothes to prevent this. lt may start out as frostnip which is the less

As the foetus is maturing in the womb their skin begins to keratinise from 18 weeks gestation onwards, until by 32 to 34 weeks gestation the stratum corneum (which controls evaporative heat loss and transepidermal water loss (TEWL)) has become well developed. (Heuchan et al, 2006) For babies born before 30 weeks their skin immaturity puts them at increased risk of dehydration and hypothermia. For those babies born 26 weeks and below studies reveal that they will lose large amounts of fluid from their skin by TEWL (approximately 150mls/kg/day) affecting urine output, causing electrolyte disturbances and requiring high fluid maintenance volumes (Heuchan et al, 2006) . In addition the water lost by evaporation uses up precious calories and heat, often more heat that the baby is able to

Thank you for your response. Fortunately, the nurses check the infants frequently and we never rely upon the bed skin temperature reading. The bed skin temperature is merely an indicator of the infant temperature range. Although the neonate skin temperature is reading a normal body temperature, nurses are required to manually obtain an axilla temperature. The importance of a manual temperature is exemplified by Infant bed skin temp reading 35.5C (95.9F), however, manual body temperature 98.1F. As seen bed skin temperature readings and manual axillary temperatures vary from 1 to 1.5 degrees. To ensure that the babies environment within the NICU is safe, manual assessment of the neonate is essential.

Nearly one-fifth of the babies were preterm, similar to a finding of another study from the same site 21. Preterm babies had a higher risk of neonatal mortality; preterm babies could be the proxy for low birth weight (LBW) babies, which predisposes them to have an increased risk of infections, hypoglycemia, and hypothermia 22. Globally, prematurity is one of the leading causes of neonatal deaths 23, 24. Prevention and management of prematurity are crucial to reducing

Next, administration of oxygen is essential for all patients presenting signs of hypoxia (Higginson, Jones, & Davies, 2010). There are two types of devices available; low flow devices such as the nasal cannula or a simple facial mask, and a non-rebreathing mask used as a high flow device. The low flow devices are used for the provision of oxygen in low concentration (two to four litres) whereas, a non-breathable mask can be used to provide 15 litres of oxygen to ensure 100% oxygen available to a patient. In Margaret's case, if the SPO2 level does not improve the concentration of oxygen can be improved to four litres. However, regular assessment and evaluation of care are crucial (Tait et al., 2016). Dougherty et al. (2015) describe that

During the first 2 hours of assessment after birth, we discovered that the neonate temperature was low while maintaining skin to skin with mom and the mom was also shivering profusely. The neonate was retrieved from the mom.