Role of Ulema and Mashaikh in Freedom Movement

Quaid-e-Azam made it clear to the mission that the Muslim lion's share regions ought to be gathered together to make a sovereign and free Pakistan. He said,

Muslims feared that if Hindus acquired the party, they would be inclined to hire only Hindus for governmental jobs like policeman. This meant they would also control the

The English were quick to inspire Indians to bolster the war exertion. In August 1940 the Emissary, Ruler Linlithgow, made an offer to the Muslim Class. He guaranteed that there would be no official conclusion on another constitution for India without the understanding of the Muslims. Be that as it may, he neglected to consent to equivalent or lion's share Muslim enrollment on the proposed Guard Chamber. The Muslim Group turned down the 'August offer' and the vast majority of its individuals surrendered their positions in the focal and common governments.

In the 1971 national elections, The Awami League, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, had a major success, winning 160 seats as well as majority of the national assembly. Rahman demanded independence for East Pakistan, as well as the right to form a government.

of Buddhism. He fled his country (i.e Tibet) and took safety in India in 1959 during the revolt

Mahatma Gandhi is renowned all over the world for his nonviolent philosophies and impact upon civil rights. He was the primary leader of India’s move towards independence. Gandhi engineered a form of non-violent protest that would influence the world. He was born on 2nd October, 1869, in Porbandar, India. Gandhi studied law and advocated for the civil rights of Indians, and influenced many civil rights movements. Even after his death, Gandhi’s actions inspired future civil rights movements around the globe. He most notably impacted, civil rights movements in three regions of the world; South Africa, India and America.

To give the reader some background information, Bhutto displays an excerpt from the preamble of Pakistan’s Constitution. After defining Pakistan as an Islamic nation by stating that “sovereignty over the entire Universe belongs to Almighty Allah” (qtd. in Jacobus 175), the Constitution goes on to lay out some beliefs that coincide with those of Western democracy. The document claims that “the principles of democracy, freedom, equality, tolerance, and social justice… shall be fully observed… (and the citizens of Pakistan) shall be guaranteed fundamental rights, including… social, economic, and political justice, and freedom of thought, expression, belief; faith, worship, and association” (175). The preamble goes on to declare “Pakistan (is)... a democratic State based on Islamic principles of social justice... dedicated to the preservation of democracy” (175-176). This passage presents the reader with the idea that, fundamentally, Islamic and democratic values correspond.

The richest man in the history of the world went on a trip to Mecca from Niani, with

He was fully immersed into Islam that he rapidly raised in the ranks of the Nation of Islam organization. His charisma and eventual

Aroused by the massacre of Amritsar in 1919, Gandhi devoted his life to gaining India’s independence from Great Britain. As the dominant figure used his persuasive philosophy of non-violent confrontation, he inspired political activists with many persuasions throughout the world (Andrews 23). Not only was Mahatma Gandhi a great peacemaker, but also his work to achieve freedom and equality for all people was greatly acknowledged. Gandhi’s unconventional style of leadership gained him the love of a country and eventually enabled him to lead the independence movement in India.

Once again, he wanted to show to his friends, comrades and all India that they needed to free there self from the cast segregation, and have a respect for all humans at the same time they were searching from freedom. He taught them that no job or task, therefore man was less important that another, and dignity is not related to money or status.

Although they each were united by one name, the Pakistani Government treated the East side with more hatred than the West. The governments of West Pakistan have made countless efforts in purifying the Bengals from the Hindu culture of India. Prior to 1971, there was an election held, which resulted in a group named the Awami League to win the majority. They were in favor of the idea of East Pakistan yearning for their independence. Some were opposed to this idea including a General in the Pakistani army named Yahya Khan and wished to intervene. He says that he wished, “to suspend democracy and to deal with the source of the “threat”-the residents of East Pakistan,” (Combat Genocide). Unlike the previous democracy, Yahya Khan showed disgust towards the idea of separation between the East and West. A report wrote that General Khan stated that, “We must kill three million of them, and the rest will eat out of the palm of our hand,” (Combat Genocide). General Khan even went to the extent of hiring General Tikka Khan to look after the East, who was said to be as brutal or if not worse than General Yahya himself. Just like the Holocaust, General Yahya planned to enact the “final

The Pakistanis’ had many view about Mortenson; they either hated him or recognized him as family. One piece of evidence that establishes that some Pakistanis’ hated him is, “‘Parvi said that a local sher, a religious leader who doesn’t like the idea of us educating girls just declared a fatwa on me…(Relin, 185)”’ This shows how not everyone liked him because he was breaking some Muslim rules against educating girls. However, some recognized him as family, “‘But she already thought of him as her own child, so she accepted it. (Relin, 113)” This shows he was very liked and trusted to the point that he was considered family, which means they would die for him. Another example is, “For a Bati to let a foreign man, an infidel, have that kind of

To stand up to the Muslim League, Quaid-e-azam was manhandled by the Congress press and they termed his interest for Pakistan as the "vivisection of Mother India", "reactionary primitivism" and "religious savageness". The Congress attempted to stamp Muslim League as a ultra conservativr Circle Of Knights, Khan Bahadurs, Opbsequious and Government Pensioners.The Congress attempted to acquire all the help from the Central Muslim's and the Provincial parties` who had some refinement between the Muslim League, and bolstered them in races. Both The Congress and The Muslim League showed distinctive saying amid tehir races crusade. The Muslim League proposed an one point statement "on the off chance that you need Pakistan, vote in favor of the Muslim League". Quaid-e-Azam himself headed out all of India to unite Muslim group under the banner of the Mulim

By the nineteenth century the Indian National Congress (I.N.C.) had been formed and were in union demanding equal opportunities from colonial rule. In attempt to counter out the increasing Hindu educated class, the British sought to make Muslims their allies. This failed but triggered Islamic feeling that in order to protect their culture in the increasingly Hindu I.N.C., believed the Muslims should have their own Islamic state.