Rebecca
Malik
4-11-15
p.2
Throughout China there was a greater number of acknowledgment of technology advancement with very few against it also with support of enlightened leaders, on the other hand, Roman empire views were split between substructure and pessimism. Positive uses of technology in han and roman empire were created. In the roman empire the leader Gaius Gracchus did road building enterproses that resulted in glowing reports of roads and amenities reported by Gracchus for imperial good.It was for the good of the empire, not the common man.Plutarch (the author of doc.) was born in wealth so he did not work, only slaves did. The attitude was stating that technology has a practical and logical side, but also of one in aesthetics to benefit of the empire. ( doc. 6 ) Also, Frotinus “water commissioner” was another glowing report of aqueducts and the use of them in the city of Rome. This is practical and aesthetic nature of Roman technology over the egyptian or greek, he is the water commissioner saying that Roman water is the best ( doc. 8 ). In (doc.1 ) it was about the importance of waterways and engineering, saying that the government should regulate. Trying to prevent floods, the use of technology is a large part of the empire and needs government help. The han government official feels partially responsible for the
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Governor Tu Shih developed the water powered blowing engine that helped make cast-iron tools easily. The government saw technology as a gift, a confucian gift. The government is showing their reflection of confucian beliefs of the government( doc. 4 ) . Huan Tan, Han philosopher, explains that Emperor Fuxi invented the mortar and pestle, he only gave it to people who used and improved it. This tells us that technology was a gift,” Confucian concept of benevolence through progress”. Huan is a han philosopher, so he reflects confucian
Though they were both able to trade due to their expansions and coasts, Rome did much more trade than Han China. Also, due to this vastness, both societies’ cultures were spread all over the world (which led to other civilizations forming) and their economies were boosted (which led to better conditions for the people).
The seemingly unstoppable Roman empire was certain to fall in a matter of time. Even though Rome was majorly affected by external attacks, I feel like the fall was because of the internal decline. The economy and social issues were the key factors that led to the descent of the large empire. A vast amount of their problems came from within the city. Every decision that Rome made had an extensive effect on the city itself and the rest of the world. Many foolish decisions made by terrible emperors weakened the city and eventually cause the many aspects of Roman life to crumble.
In 27 BCE, Octavian appointed himself as the first Roman Emperor. After being a republic for approximately 700 years, Rome was now an empire. The Roman Empire grew to be one of the greatest empires in history, conquering the majority of Europe, the Asia Minor, and much of North Africa. Rome went through a time of peace called Pax Roma. During Pax Roma many contributions were made such as arts and architecture. The Roman Empire declined because of its weakened military. The military began to weaken due to laziness, the land was easy to invade, and there we many different leaders throughout the empire.
Both Rome and Han China equivalently constructed similar roads, bridges, and water development systems all to strengthen their economy. Verifications of this can be seen when Rome fully realized the potential of arches and bridges in their road systems that spanned more than 400,000 km of roads that were used for trade. Correspondingly, they also built aqueducts as a form of water engineering to constantly bring in a flow of water to the cities and towns. Similarly, Han China built massive fortified roadways for trade and walls for fortification comparable to the Great Wall of China as a means of defense. Also in comparison to Roman aqueducts, Han China built water canals as means to direct water as they pleased. These similarities defined their engineering skills as these inventions and constructions were used to help strengthen their economies. Rome built and constructed roads to aid their trade systems and make easier routes of travel. Furthermore, they used aqueducts to get water into the city saving money and the need for human labor. Similarly, Han China used their fortified roads to trade much easier and as a means of safer travel. This went hand in hand with China’s water canals that also aided their economy by directing water where needed saving much money and limiting the need for human labor as well.
The Han and Roman Empires are very important. They have greatly influenced the past, and many other societies worldwide. The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire have different outlooks on technology, the Han Dynasty view technology as a practical application used to ease the workload of people, while the Roman Empire views certain technology as needed, despite the creator. If not for the technology and the technological views of the Han and Roman Empires, the world would be a much
Han dynasty emerged into power back in 221BCE after the fall of Qin dynasty 206BCE. They were the original pioneers when it comes to political systems and structure of the society that lasted more than 2000 years in China. On the other hand, the Roman Empire controlled the western Mediterranean and they had various advancements in technology and science. The Romans had different engineering accomplishments considered to be different from those of the Han kingdom. They formed the basis of the establishment of the western legal codes. This research is aimed towards analysis the similarities and the differences between the Han dynasty and the Roman Empire. The consequences of their differences are also analyzed in this research.
They had been pushing since before World War I. The Indians were promised in the 1930’s that they would be granted independence but
Additionally, there were other distinct viewpoints, such as the different prespectives of the authors. There were two different views, one was a philosopher’s viewpoint and another was a government official’s viewpoint. To begin with, the Han philosophers and government officials always had a positive perspective. For instance, in document three, it mentions “Later on, the pestle and the mortar were cleverly improved in such a way that the whole weight of the body could be used, thus increasing the efficiency ten times.” The Chinese appear to note that innovation is of extraordinary advantage; subsequently they’re continuously making technological advancements. This Philosopher had Confucian beliefs, which swayed his judgement because Confucianism
Many events played large roles in the middle ages. The fall of the Western Roman Empire occurred when the invading army named the Visigoths invaded Rome. For three days, they destroyed everything in their paths. Western Rome did not have effective royal progression. They set up officers as rulers, who were immediately removed by adversary petitioners. The reasons why Western Rome fell includes multiple invasions by Barbarian tribes, economic hardship, being too reliant on slave labor, government corruption and political instability, and lastly Christianity became popular and the traditional values of Rome were lost. Another important event was whenever Charlemagne became an emperor in Western Rome. In his quest of becoming an emperor, he became King of the
In 146 B.C.E. the Roman Republic marched on the city of Corinth, the most powerful and wealthiest city state at the time of the attack. The Romans easily conquered Corinth and established themselves as one of the most dominant forces the Mediterranean world had ever seen. The Romans were not finished yet, they gained control over the entire Mediterranean world, most of Western Europe, and many of the Asian territories taken over by Alexander the great. The Romans had great military institutions, powerful political views, the smarts, and learned many lessons on how to rule the large areas around them. The Romans expanded so greatly during the period of 300-50 B.C.E. because of the pure drive, and how badly they wanted to expand.
The Roman Empire was a very successful civilization that had many accomplishments that are a part of the modern world. Textbooks and primary sources were studied to be able to come to these conclusions. The Roman Empire lasted 500 years throughout the BC and AD times without having too many major problems. The Romans were able to last so long because of the military strength and the amount of land that the Empire had. The Romans were located in Rome, Italy and ended up expanding to take over most of the Mediterranean world. However, all good things must come to an end. Starting in the 200s, other civilizations started to slowly take over Rome. Eventually, the Empire collapsed. The causes of the collapse of Rome were that the land area was too large to sustain, there were many political problems in Rome, and there were too many invasions happening for Rome to handle.
The Roman and Han empires flourished in culture, wealth, and technological advances at their pinnacle, leading not to future stability, but to greed, corruption, and ultimately their downfall.
It’s 510 BC and the Roman Empire started to gain strength. They broke treaties and conquered neighboring countries. They revised battle tactics, weapons, legions, but mostly technology to emerge as an undisputed leader of the Mediterranean. The Roman Empire was eager to find new ways, new technology, to help the empire grow beyond imaginable. Arches, military weapons, and basic technology were all created by the Empire. However, the question trying to be answered is, “How did the technology of Roman Empire impact it?” Technology was any invention that helped ease the lives of many or wars to be finished quicker. Through the research of different text sources such as Gedacht, Daniel C. Technology of Ancient Rome. New York, NY: PowerKids Press, 2004 or James, Simon. Ancient Rome. New York, NY: Knopf, 1990, we see technology impacting the knowledge of mankind, and how it has affected people in many different ways.
Where Europe was a muddle of minor, dispersed and extremely competitive feudal plots, ultimately amalgamating into still more nation-states, China during the “Ming Period” (14th –17th centuries) was a vast, stable, integrated empire, challenged only occasionally by the Mongols and Huns. No later than 11th century, the Chinese had already invented numerous significant technologies such as the printing press and gunpowder. Yet, after the 15th century, all that ingenuity and creativeness seems to have dissipated. The creative decline is attributed to a Confucian mindset that praised conformity and absolute allegiance to the state. Europeans in contrast, with the aid of common written languages, were able to surpass them in both technological inventions and in economics, as result of the introduction of capitalism. The form of competition also includes the many benefits resulting from the introduction of new weapons of war. Curiously, Ferguson chooses to include military innovation as a benefit of competition and not science, yet few with any kind of moral compass would be comfortable with war providing any benefit to society at all. It is the peaceable nature of China’s Confucian society that avoids war that is preferable to one based on militarism to many. In addition, the demarcation point between science and technology is clearly
Ancient China was extremely advanced and many of its discoveries are still in use today’s world. Perhaps the Chinese has contributed more to the advancement of human kind than any other ancient culture. They have contributed to our world civilization’s achievements in the fields of agriculture, shipping, astronomy, printing, oil, martial arts, ammunition and mathematics. Ancient Chinese inventions such as gunpowder, silk, paper, printing, tea, wheel barrow, iron plows, deep drilling, porcelain, toilet paper and the compass were and still are important pieces of Chinese and global life. These inventions were major blocks in the building of the world as we know today. The four main innovations which I consider to be essential aspects of