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CHAPTER 1
What is rurality?
Nicolette Rousseau BA
BRITAIN is primarily a country of urban dwellers. For many, rural areas are seen as an idyll, the antithesis of the ills of urban life. The countryside is a place to 'get away from it all' - a weekend retreat, or somewhere where one might aspire to live. People have images of rolling landscapes or bleak moors, complete with smiling farmers leaning on farm gates. The country air is seen as recuperative, and the environment generally beneficial. McLaren in 1951 argued that city children should be encouraged to go hill walking; today young offenders are sometimes sent on hiking expeditions.
Jones and Eyles (1977), in An Introduction to Social
Geography, stated:
"This
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As part of our study of rural health and health care we held discussion groups with patients and health professionals in which perceptions of rurality were discussed (McColl,
1993). Most people found it easy to categorize their homes as being in a rural or urban area. However, there was more difficulty at the boundary between urban and rural. One patient said:
"I know what rural means in terms of a village or hamlet but I am not sure where it stops being rural and becomes urban."
When questioned about what made them describe the area they lived in as rural or urban, people used varying and often quite sophisticated criteria. Though based around population size, they also took into account the general 'feel' of a settlement. For example, two comments from rural patients were: "I feel if you've got no facilities then you are definitely rural."
"It's your own perception of where you live."
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Table 2 Variables used in Cloke's index of rurality (after Cloke, 1977; Cloke and Edwards, 1986)
Variable name
Considered in 1971
Included in 1971
Considered in 1981
Population density
% Population age over 65
% Population men 15-45
% Population women age 15-45
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Occupancy
Octavia Butler uses imagery to help her readers understand condition of the environment and feelings of the main character Rye. Rye’s world has become a Dystopia. “The illness, if it was an illness, had cut even the living off from one another. As it swept
The effect that the landscape has on the characters is very significant. Through the use of figurative language, Kent is able to covey the landscape and how it emphasizes many of the emotions felt by the characters. In the text characters live in Icelandic society where long distance communication is hard and fast communication is even harder. With the weather being the way it is; bitterly cold and oppressive, it reflects on each character and their emotions felt through the book. Particularly the oppressive snowfall throughout the text leaves the characters feeling claustrophobic and confined. In turn this allows each character to express these feelings in their own individual way. Margaret, the mother is trapped in her own house in a repetitive cycle of her own making. Agnes is caught in her own inner turmoil, and Margaret’s daughters are also trapped in a cycle, fated to live a
She became accustomed to the perception of a desert being portrayed as dull and lifeless (Being raised in Kentucky) until this trip. Throughout this scene, she expresses her fascination for nature, and uses a tone of awe and allurement while describing the attributes about the land with metaphors. This narration occurred following the first rainfall, when Mattie and Taylor decided to go to the desert. This passage which is distinctive of Kingsolver’s portrayal of the natural landscape shows her sudden awareness diverse atmospheres. By linking to the scenery to “the palm of a human hand”, the author uses the literary device of personification with the mountains and the town. Her phrase “resting in its cradle of mountains” associates the basin to a child, and the phrases “city like a palm”and“life lines and heart lines hints a grown-up. The terrain exemplifies a life from the beginning to end. Taylor describes the land my linking each attribute with lots of metaphors, which then confirms that the tone is “wonder and allurement” because it demonstrates that she is emotionally connected to the
Through the immersion of one in a variety of physical environments, the manipulation of genre, form and perspective presents a polysemic representation of a diverse range of landscapes, in turn allowing responders to develop complex understandings into the human psyche. Specifically, through the interwoven utilization of complex allusions and personalized outlooks Alain De Botton’s The Art Of Travel shapes humanities greater knowledge of traveling’s impact on the human behavior and perception. Likewise, this notion is extended amongst Kenneth Slessor’s minimalistic, poetic piece North Country in which the composer highlights man’s dichotomous relationship with the physical world, and how ongoing, differentiated experiences cultivate interpersonal growth and develop individualized standpoints towards the wider globe. Consequently, both texts elicit portrayals of innumerable landscapes, which foreground the intricacies of civilization through the construction of a piece that reveals the subjectivity of our human mentalities today.
Representation of setting; Bonnie Doon; Small town, on big lake, holiday home ‘serenity’ escape from life, stillness, quiet, desolate, barren, powerlines, insect-zapper-ironic-noisy, Images family bonding – gender representation, Simplicity of family – easily satisfied Representation of Setting – City scrapers; Canberra: high camera
The ‘Red landscape’ is a perfect example of these themes. It shows the landscape surrounding Mount Olga in the Northern Territory. The dead twisted tree trunks, and extremely vivid colours express a strong mood of isolation and desertion. Although the artwork is not as realistically precise as Glovers ‘Constitutional Hill at sunset’, it manages to express the true essences of the Australia desert. There is a house and washing blowing in the wind but there is no presence of human being, or anything living for that matter. This gives a bleak, depressing feeling.
The author utilizes words such as “flyover region that one must endure,” “easy inclines,” “square states”, and “farmable plains.” Marquart’s description characterizes the landscape as plain and dull. At the same time her diction recapitulates a landscape which is calm and serene. The upper Midwest has “easy inclines” and “farmable plains.” It is a place that is eye-catching to those who are farming, like her grandparents, who received an portion of land.
Opioid abuse, cardiometabolic diseases, and diseases of lifestyle and social fabric are few of the health problems that are predominant in the southeast region of the country. Tennessee is in the lowest 25th quartile in the overall health performance among the low-income population in the southeast region. Hence, there is a need to address specifically, socioeconomic determinants in tackling these problems. These socioeconomic determinants are usually referred to as the causes of the causes of the diseases.
In one's life, for many, the place means everything. In the novel Blank by Trina St Jean, a young teen looses her memory after an upsetting accident and spends the novel trying to figure out what happened. Jessica's life is set in her family farm and surrounding forest. Setting is crucial to her story because of her love for nature, her accident, and her runaway plan. To begin, Jessica’s family farm is the perfect place for a nature lover like Jessica, it could be that living on the farm made her develop her love, or that is grew over time. Nonetheless, the farm is a crucial setting to the story: “After taking the first photo it starts to come back to me. Not a memory, but a feeling. Like I’ve done this before” (St. Jean 189). Here it is seen
9. The Pasture/Field – The pasture represents a simple farming life that is predictable and calm. Often referred to as a pastoral setting, many characters either begin
Beside the pile of straw which has a wheel leaning against it, a farmer is stooping to collect timbers. Before a thatched cottage in the middle of the painting, several farmers carrying farm tools and riding horses silhouetted in the shadows. They form in groups as if they were discussing some deliberate issues. On the other pile which sits in the other side of the sandy road, a slightly stout farmer with a straw hat is sitting on straws to have a rest. Beside him, an older villager leaning on his stick and a comparatively shorter man who is carrying a basket are talking to him as if they were pleading him for some reason. The trees extend along the sandy road in a diagonal line, creating a spatial demarcation. In the far end of the road, there is a vague tall building with pinnacle roof. The sky above, which takes up nearly half of the painting, is pale and dusty, suggesting the end of the day in a hot arid climate.
The idea for this project is to bring opportunity to the residents of RuralEdge through education, while developing leaders, supporting resident groups and building community, within the selected RuralEdge properties. Some educational classes will include financial security, avoiding lease violations, economic opportunities, and adult learning courses either credited or certificate. This project can result an opportunity for the local resident group; Neighbors Helping Neighbors to offer their resources to other residents. The free or reduced classes facilitated by RuralEdge staff members, residents, and outside facilitators. A great opportunity for creating an intergenerational community will begin with the after school youth program. Providing
When the sun slowly peeps over the range of mountains, birds shake the morning dew off their feathers and give a cheerful song that would lift even the most sorrowful of spirits. A light fog wraps around the mountain range, reaching to touch every bit of life thriving there. The slight chill in the air is enough to give a gentle shiver, but not enough for the need of a jacket. A breeze tickles the trees, making their leaves shake and sway with laughter. Sunlight seeps in past the thick canopy of branches with hopes of being able to reach the damp mountain earth. The mountains are the best place to live to be relaxed, see the most beauty, and never get bored.
A challenge that many rural communities are dealing with is the lack of primary care physicians, specialist, understaffed hospitals, and transportation. “Only about ten percent of physicians practice in rural America despite the fact that nearly one-fourth of the population lives in these areas” (National Rural Health Association [NHRA], n.d., para. 2). Although, there are programs designed to improve patients access to hospitals and physicians in rural areas, provider access for these patients remains a barrier. Technology can bridge some of the gaps of care for these patients and it can be beneficial in many ways. With enhanced technology, primary care physicians and patients will be able to have support, access to quality care, improvement in self-management skills, which ultimately, will improve a patient’s health. To assist physicians with delivery of optimal care and for patients to be able to go to scheduled wellness visits with physicians, a new approach to solving rural health barriers are needed.
One would feel in the balmy air, green hills and rich woods of a village.”-these