Running head: FAIR FUNDING IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS
School Funding
Royal Hines
LeTourneau University
School Finance, Section A
November 6, 2010
Abstract
School finance is a major issue throughout the United States. The distribution of school funds is completed using different methods throughout. The correct process must be selected to accommodate wealthy and poor districts. Local school districts are affected by the distribution of funds based on the value of the property in the district. Concerned citizens can be prepared for school district changes in revenue by staying informed of what is occurring in their community.
State Distributions Distribution of educational funds to school districts in the state of
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(Brimley 2008) However, to equalize funds and maximize cost quality relationships grants and incentives are good places to start. School districts have to find ways to hire knowledgeable and committed teachers. One way to draw the knowledgeable teacher is to offer stipends for teacher shortage areas and sign on bonuses. Districts must continue to offer some type of incentives to maintain good teachers. Teacher tenure is another great incentive but can sometimes cause good teachers to become too laidback. Tenure grants educators “a right, term, or mode of holding or occupying something of value for a period of time.” (Tenure) Basically, tenure in the education realm grants what some would call stability or even security.
Local Area Changes School districts experience changes in educations on a regular basis. Some of these changes occur as a result of local, state, and/or federal issues. One way to prepare for local changes that are related to revenue and expenditures is to stay informed. Attending school board, PTA, and city council meetings is a good way to stay informed on what is occurring in your local area. The problem of financing education once, considered the responsibility of only a few specialist with vested interests in the schools—boards of education, school administrators, state departments of education, and state legislatures—developed into a priority item for virtually all citizens. (Brimley 2008) All
Another source of income for school districts is sales tax. Sales tax could be an easier way to get funding locally since people are receiving something in return such as goods/services. The money comes from the good or services and goes to the state comptroller offices and then the state sends the funds to the local districts. A disadvantage to sales tax it is that
Since last spring, Philadelphia school district leaders have been sounding the alarm about this year’s fiscal budget. Even after months of discussions and headlines, schools have opened with fewer resources than last year. On March 28th the School Reform Commission approved a lump sum budget which showed a need for an additional $220 million in revenue in order to provide schools with same resources as the “wholly insufficient” 2013-14 school year (McCorry). There will be many inadequate funding impacts on the quality of the education. Classroom resources would be stripped to untenable levels. The district would reduce as much as $2.2 million funding to the districts’ multiple pathways to graduation program which affects estimated 300 students. Another $1.5 million could be reduced from the elimination of preparation and professional development time for teachers at the district’s high needs promise academies. The district’s building maintenance budget could have reduction in amount of $9.6 million. Schools will be cleaned less frequently as a result. Building maintenance will also be curtailed as a result. District’s school police budget could also have reduction in amount of $2.4 million. School police officer vacancies will be unfilled, leaving an additional 27 elementary schools to share an officer.
If the current system not the administration calculates that the annually will increase as a chance to reinforce the district where it needs the assistance. While increased funding not necessarily equate to improvements in student performance, it’s funding and where it is clearly needs to be addressed. Ambitious effort to lift student achievement and, fundamentally, to undermine the idea of public
The educational funding problem in Michigan takes root back in 1809, when the first public school was founded. While funding was not an issue at the time, the way schools were funded through local property taxes eventually created a large problem. Fast forward to 1985, Michigan has long moved past the rural cities of the 1800’s and into affluent suburbs and cities. The size and taxation pools of cities have greatly changed from 1809 to 1985, but the way schools were funded remained exactly the same. This lack of change led to a large disparity in school funding from richer districts to poorer districts. Coupled together with local governments’ inability to convince citizens to vote in favor of millages and tax hikes, the disparity ballooned. In 1993, Bloomfield Hills ranked in the 99th percentile of Michigan schools, was spending on average $10,294 per-student, while Standish Sterling ranked in the bottom 1st percentile, spent $3,738 per-student, roughly a $6,500 difference per-student (Roy 2003). This inconsistency greatly disadvantaged students all the way to 95th percentile, where there
When determining equity and adequacy fixes for funding public schools in New Jersey and Ohio a framework for assessing must be determined. Starting with equity, both states have a history of litigation that determines the educational objects for the framework. Since the mid-90’s to this decade the most influential New Jersey court decisions are the Abbott v. Burke decisions. The New Jersey Supreme Court ordered the state to bring per-pupil revenues in the low-income Abbott districts up to the per-pupil expenditures of successful suburban districts (National Education Access Network, 2016). In Ohio the DeRolph v. State
The heightened focus on education equity and adequacy has garnered substantial attention from both policy makers and media outlets. As a result of the spotlight, school finance litigation has forced states to not only change the way they fund schools but to improve and update their states’ assessment and accountability systems. (Griffith, 2005).
The majority of the funding for Colorado K-12 public schools is through state revenues and local property taxes. Local property taxes have been decreasing in recent years and are projected to
Pennsylvania has strict limitations on funding schools. Local governments heavily influence the funding that does occur. The school district governance in Philadelphia has been a subject of debate. A large majority of the revenue that the local government receives is from property taxes. In the year 2000 property taxes regarded for almost $10 billion of the revenue in Pennsylvania. That was 30 percent of the total revenue that the local government received and 70 percent of all local government tax revenues. Property taxes accounted for roughly 85 percent of the overall tax revenues for Pennsylvania school districts in 2000. Practically half of all the school district’s revenue came from the compilation of property taxes. The one thing
Through the years, education has been an immense portion of the expenses and importance in Texas. Education comes from school; therefore, the public should have access to a substantial quality of education. The schools are also substantial businesses in Texas, which is what the state represents. Texas’ school districts receive mixed funds for the students’ education. It consists of state, local, and federal funds. However, the majority of the funds for schools come from local property tax. This is taken from the Texas education code, which state how the schools will be funded, curriculum requirements, and etc. It may seem like schools allocate a fair sum of money for its students; however, there are many conflicts related to the inflation of requirements needed for education. The major issues consist of expenditure per student, intradistrict funding policies, high percentage of
Throughout Indiana, school buildings have been sprouting up. With many high growth communities such as Fishers, Westfield, Avon and Crown Point, new and beautiful school facilities have been added to these flourishing locations. However, in many of these cases, if residents from these flourishing communities travel 20 miles away from their front doors, they would discover numerous schools in disrepair and meek at best. While home property taxes have were equalized throughout the state in year’s past, and funds “equally” distributed to districts; how can a school built in the 1960’s compared to the shiny
Budget cuts in schools cause turmoil and stress among the students and faculty. Drastic changes in the budgets have caused schools to negatively impact the people around them. With the lack of funding, schools are facing difficult decisions on what to do to stay within their budget. Supervision is facing much scrutiny on how to handle the lack of funding in their school districts. A solution needs to be made to improve the distribution of funding to our schools in order to keep them operating and thriving for our children to obtain their education. Budget cuts in schools have shown negative effects on employee positions, supplies, extracurricular activities.
In today’s economic environment even the wealthiest states and districts are having to cut funding for education, while districts which were already teetering on the edge are now in an even worse position. In some schools children have to face not having enough books, paper for copies, severe overcrowding,
The case study involves the allocation of school funds to employ three, possibly six, new personnel to assist a high school as it continues to grow as part of a recruitment effort. Being a fine arts magnet program, the school’s departments have varying needs and requests for the new positions. Specifically speaking, the fine arts department insists on adding a staff member, the science department needs a physics instructor, the music department wants to add an experienced strings professional, the English department has two members on the verge of retirement, and the athletic director requests two more coaches or he will resign. (Ubben, Hughes & Norris, 2011, p. 374)
Schools have a number of various sources. The primary sources are federal, state, and local funding. The majority of funding comes from state and local sources; whereas a small percent (usually 9-12%) comes from the federal level. The method by which schools receive funding is through the taxation process. At the state level, taxes are levied from taxpayers, both corporate and citizens via sales and income tax. At the local level, school funding comes from property taxes. Let’s explore the how the various sources of school funding. “According to the National Center for Education Statistics, state and local funding accounts for approximately 93 percent of education expenditures” (Woodruff, 2008, ¶ 2). Let’s examine these various sources of revenue and funding and different formulas for allocation along with their pros and cons.
Leaving middle school can be very exciting for most of the young adults as they turn over their life into high school. High school can be a very long path, with great memories, and great experiences. But not everyone goes through the same thing everyone expects too. A big issue that is according to now in new generations of young teens in high school is teens dropping out of school. Many teens take the decisions of not continuing in going on with high school because they are around bad influences that cause them not to go to school. In addition having no support from parents or family members. The school funding can also be a problem, they may not have enough funds for programs to keep students busy after school.