Security Sector Reform, or SSR, is a type of governmental assistance in which another country supplies helpful support in the democratic direction. An example of this would be in Egypt when the United States Government helped develop their democracy. This sector also helps those who are used to being at war find places amongst society and be able to live their lives working a full time job, rather than a rebel outpost. The SSR uses the help of the citizens currently in place to form the democracy. In this sense, they do not go into the country and do anything. The SSR is assisting those who are already there. The following is a synopsis of the SSR and how it could help, and possibly has helped, the world. West Africa, a sometimes highly dangerous place, was subject to SSR attempts to help. The SSR is currently trying to find the sources of threat, which are, as Adedeji Ebo states, “...it is evident that the sources of threat are often internal and that the targets/victims are not merely states and security forces.” (Ebo). The SSR is still trying to help the government and to some degree it has been successful. Another case was in Iraq, when the Iraqi government had problems as Arnold Luethold states, “However, the Coalition Provisional Authority’s (CPA) decision to dissolve all the forces, including the police forces, without prior consultation with Iraqis, has met considerable criticism in Iraq and abroad, for it was perceived to undermine Iraq’s stability. (Luethold).
The impact of all of these options are huge because they affect every American. The options provided here are the 6 biggest options when it comes to Social Security. Now that everyone knows what might happen, lets talk more about the when. In 2010, the amount of money coming in was to small to pay back to people. Interest from the trust bonds was collected to help aid in maintaining full benefits. As a temporary solution, shaving the interest off the bonds would have been a great fix, but the original problem still exists. Nothing has been done to balance the money in to money out ratio. Unless Congress makes some big calls, in 2020, the SSA will be forced to sell their bonds. With the interest already being collected, and now the bonds being sold, the amount of money earning interest would severely drop.
Perhaps no group has as much at stake in the debate over Social Security reform as African Americans. Elderly African Americans are much more likely than their white counterparts to be dependent on Social Security benefits for most or all of their retirement income. Yet Social Security benefits are inadequate to provide for the retirement needs of the elderly poor, which leaves nearly 30 percent of African-American seniors in poverty.
The 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act eradicated the previous systems of relief offered to the poor in Victorian England before 1834. This legislation was written up and passed with relatively little difficulty and a lot of parliamentary support. The gist of the amendment was to decrease the amount of impoverished citizens. This was the ultimate goal without providing any actual help for the poor themselves. The 1834 amendment reformed poor laws across the country while also establishing a wide network of workhouses as was fashioned in the amendment.
During the turn of the century, in the 1900’s, conditions were harsh in working areas and big businesses were growing largely. There were many things wrong with the time period, and Theodore Roosevelt recognized this. Theodore Roosevelt was the first president to introduce progressive reforms and restrictions to the country. This impacted many areas of people and businesses. Areas of reform included conditions for the coalmine workers, civil rights, and breaking trusts in businesses.
Chapter 8: Reform I think Frances Perkins was a driven woman with the best intentions. With her history, knowledge, and passion, there was no better person to lead the reforms after the Triangle fire. I think she was right to see the tragedy as an opportunity to push for social reform, because she took the basic things that so many of those workers who perished had fought for and took them even further. There was no better time to bring these issues forward for reform in my opinion, as sometimes it takes disasters for officials to see the extent of reform that is needed. I think her commitment to social reform was commendable, and the reforms that she pursued were worthy causes and consistent in their theme.
Reformers had the desire to create moral order, and between the 1830s and 1840s, they established new institutions which were meant to heal the human being spiritually and morally. Institutions like prisons, orphanages, asylums and poorhouses started to proliferate. The common ideology was that of perfectionism, by which someone who was once considered incurable could now be set free. In fact, the belief was that people who entered an institution could be rehabilitated and eventually released back into society. However, with time, many institutions would prove to be crowded places where people were simply kept away from society. On the other hand, institutions like tax supported state schools were made available for all children. Horace Mann,
For many years the social security program has been operating successfully. In recent times however, it is becoming apparent to some that social security is in need of reform. Their argument is that with the amount of people getting older in the next couple of decades, there will not be enough money left in the social security reserves to pay for everyone who needs it. That is why the idea of separating social security up into private funds has been brought to the attention of the American citizens. This idea of reform has been around for quite a long time; however it has been pushed on by pro reform supporters more in recent times because they think it is necessary for the
A. Is Shirley Caretaker disabled within the meaning of the Social Security Act in that she meets the requirements of the disabling listing for 12.04 affective disorders in 20 C.F.R. Appendix 1 to Subpart P of Part 404-Listing of impairments? With respect the answer is yes for the reasons stated in the Argument section of this brief.
During the period of 1984 to 1989 under section 29(a) of the Social Aid Regulation, the Quebec government provided those who were single, unemployed, and under the age of 30 with only $170 per month in social assistance, amounting to merely one third of its regular benefits. Full time benefits were only available to those over the age of 30 while benefits for those 30 and under were conditioned on the participation of government employability programs. The objective of the Social Aid Regulation was to encourage youth to either find work or attend school. Louise Gosselin was living in Quebec, was under 30 and was unable to find work or go to school. She was therefore in the unfortunate position of having scarce financial resources. She was homeless periodically, lived in an unheated apartment for a winter and when she rented a room at a boarding house it left her no money for food. As a result Louise Gosselin was subjected to selling herself. Gosselin brought a class action lawsuit against the Quebec government challenging the 1984 social assistance scheme on behalf of all welfare recipients under the age of 30 for violation of section 15 equality rights and section 7 security rights under the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. She also challenged social rights in section 45 of the Quebec Chart. Gosselin ordered that the Quebec government reimburse all affected welfare recipients for the difference between what they actually received and what they would have received had they
In chapter 15 we discuss the topics of new reforms and the new American Culture which takes place between 1820-1860. In this time, a wide range of new reforms came and improve the conditions in the United States. During this time, the desire social reforms were huge, both for religious and political roots. As we know, America was defined as a democracy, more than ever people took part in the government. Although many thought differently, they looked towards the promises of equality and liberty in the Declaration of Independence. They said if America was a democracy, women would be made equal, and slavery would be outlawed. By resolving these infringements, the United States shifted towards its political ideals.
It was the year of 1934. America was fighting to come out from the worst economic crisis that the world would ever witness. It was also the year of high crime rate, low Gross Domestic Product and the lowest unemployment rate America had experienced. The Depression had paralyzed American labor forces, but there was a hope still alive in every American including J.D. Rockefeller when he said, “These are days when many are discouraged. In the 93 years of my life, depressions have come and gone. Prosperity has always returned and will again” (Rockefeller). At that time, the next president named Franklin D. Roosevelt, famous as FDR, brought Americans back to work through his confident efforts and new series of programs called ‘the New Deal’.
Title XIX of the Social Security Act (Title XIX) included the regulations and implementation standards for Medicaid. Medicaid is a federal program that was established in 1965 under the Title XIX law. This law detailed and described the roles of both the federal and state government in the administration of Medicaid. Federal laws outlined the overall components of the program with mandated and optional inclusions: payment limits, beneficiary eligibility requirements, amount of coverage for medical services and rehabilitation services, and the methods for money reimbursement (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2013).
To understand what the retirement earning test is and how it works, you must first understand how social security works. Social security in the United States of America is a program run by the government that provides income to millions of Americans who cannot work due to retirement, disability, or death (nasi.org). However the true function of Social Security is to provide supplemental income to people after retirement. It roughly replaces 40% of average worker’s income after retirement, requiring many social security receivers to continue working after their normal retirement age. How it works essentially is workers’ pay part of their income into a pool, that immediately gets disbursed to citizens getting benefits right now. They sacrifice a slice of their paycheck in the present, to be able to claim benefits when they go into retirement. The social security system has been changed constantly over the years. One thing that has not changed over the years, is the ability to claim benefits early.
The Social Security System is in need of a new reform; our current system was not designed for the age stratification we have at this time. The U.S. Social Security Administration Office of Policy states, “The original Social Security Act, signed into law on August 14, 1935, grew out of the work of the Committee on Economic Security, a cabinet-level group appointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt just one year earlier. The Act created several programs that, even today, form the basis for the government's role in providing income security, specifically, the old-age insurance, unemployment insurance, and Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) programs.” Social Security was modeled to aid the elderly citizens, however during the
A little over 60 years ago the nation struggled through what was, up to then, the most dramatic crisis since the Civil War. The economy was uprooted after the crash of the stock market and the country's financial stability destroyed. One of the many steps taken to alleviate the burden on the American people was that of the passing of Social Security Act of 1935 and its amendments by Congress and the President, Franklin D. Roosevelt. Under the provisions of the Act, the government would take on the responsibility of taxing the income of all working Americans and returning the money through numerous public benefits and programs. Now the nation faces an economic and political problem with the program