Seeing a Color-Blind Future by Patricia J. Williams.

Their reluctance to cross into territory that stretches their knowledge, shows their satisfaction with their current ignorant state. It also reveals the students’ reluctance to learn about the outside world or their futures, as it brings up thoughts they are trying to collectively repress. Additionally, to show their anger at Marge, they punished her by “ordering her to look up at the woods,” and also “twisted her arms and forced open her eyelids” (51). For Marge’s immediate punishment, the students were willing to use violence to show her the consequences of breaking their norms. The students also threatening her with social isolation by forcing her to look into the woods; they see the woods as representing a lonely and scary place outside their community at Hailsham. This serves as a reminder to Marge K. that bringing up topics that compromise their blissful state could result in her being ostracized by her fellow students. The students’ attempts at self-regulation and governance closely resemble modern day society’s forms of criminal punishment: social isolation for breaking societal rules for what is right and wrong. By using social punishments, the students are able to set and reinforce norms for their community that allow them to remain unaware of their own futures.

The Scramble for Africa can easily be defined as the forced invasion and division of African countries among European superpowers. Those powers included Great Britain, France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Germany, and Belgium. Each superpower wanted control over a certain area on the continent and would do anything to ensure that their area remained in their best interest. To bring the conflicts to the forefront, the countries participated in the Berlin Africa Conference in 1884-1885. In this conference, the issues of Anglo-German relations and everybody’s control in Africa were discussed. As a result of the conference, European control began to overtake the African continent and imperialism became a giant part of the European mark. In his book, “Worlds of Color” W.E.B DuBois discusses the idea of whole colonial enterprise stating that the problem the world faces is the color line. This can easily be interpreted as Dr. DuBois giving the idea that if World, more specifically European superpowers stop viewing the color line and Africa’s color line as something less than them a lot of the world’s issues could be detected and fixed. But more importantly, Dr. DuBois is stating that without the Worlds of Color, European industrialization would not exist.

During the mid-twentieth century African Americans were at the lowermost tier of society's hierarchy. However within the black race, there was a further social division between lighter-skinned and darker-skinned African Americans. A black individual with more Caucasian features signified high status and beauty which was sought after by members of the African American community (Dibleck). In Zora Neale Hurston's novel Their Eyes Were Watching God, the author uses Janie Crawford to depict how colorism affected African Americans on both sides of the skin color spectrum. By demonstrating the attitude society (mostly men) had towards skin color, the author displays the realities of being an African American in the early 1900s and the deep

As Bell Hooks speaks about in her essay “Learning In The Shadow Of Race And Class,” certain college students, such as herself, appear to have “boundaries” placed upon them that cause great struggle. Typically there is a reason behind these “boundaries,” and in some cases it may be the fault of the person that is enduring these struggles, whether they realize it or not. While Bell is not completely at fault for how she lives her life, the way Bell Hooks was raised helped shape the way she would view her life and the people around her. Bell’s mother’s methods of raising a child are what led her to hate her time in school as much as she did, and how she will live her life afterwards.

Author, Dr. Beverly Tatum a clinical psychologist whose main study of interest is Black children’s racial identity development wrote the text Why Are All the Black Kids sitting Together in the Cafeteria? After receiving a letter from a school principal in New Jersey applauding her on her reason of why, in racially mixed schools all over the country, Black kids were still sitting together in school cafeterias. In the text Tatum shares her thoughts about the development of racial identity faced by the African American population and how it is interrelated to racism at the turn of the twentieth century while highlighting the Black-White relation in childhood and adolescence age group. The book entails controversy in that, Dr. Tatum understanding of racism is centered heavily on race. Tatum’s explanation of racism suggest that Blacks cannot be racist based on the fact their racial bigotry do not stand or rest on a structure of advantage.

King exposes the institutionalized racism in Birmingham by informing his audience on the immorality of the church. King exposes the cowardice that white churches promotes that

What does the increase of individuals who self-identify as multiracial mean for the color line as those who come from mixed-race grow up and have their own children? How will that affect racial categories? These questions are answered in article 11 titled Beyond Black and White: Remaking Race in America by Jennifer Lee and Frank D. Bean, in the book Rethinking the Color Line by Charles A. Gallagher.

Leading a meaningful life meant breaking away from the fear of criticism or rejection; conforming to society limits Illgunas’ definition of life. Illgunas’ suburban upbringing makes the danger of social conformity clear to him. Surrendering to society would consequently cause him to completely lose himself. After graduating from high school, Illgunas and his classmates follow the conventional path towards a higher education. Illgunas explains, “My high school class and I moved like a school of fish: we graduates were capable of going off on our own, in whatever direction we chose, but something demanded we all swim as one…” (6-7). Parallel to the claim Illgunas makes, graduates that do not attend college are stigmatized. Society has created a paradigm: after graduating high school, students should attend a traditional four year university, and then enter the “career world.” In Illgunas’ perspective, people in

“Understanding nourishes belonging…a lack of understanding prevents it” is true to my prescribed text and related material in numerous ways. The theme inclusion and exclusion would be discussed to prove my point. One of the most important elements that have lead injustice and destructiveness to the situation of the Salem in that the young people are being excluded from society. This has encouraged young people to be

The United States is a diverse country, racially and ethnically. Six races are officially recognized: White, American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, and people of two or more races; a race

Adolescents are sheltered from the world because controversial topics and issues are withheld from them; this begins in schools. Through the amount of censorship present in academic institutions, a pupil’s comprehension of realities are skewed, and they do not possess the abilities to properly handle situations as adults. According to “About Education; Censorship Found of the Increase” by Fred M. Hechinger, the oppression of books, textbooks, documentaries, etc. in academies does more harm than good for scholars. The article states, “He added that educators trying to combat drug abuse find themselves under pressure to eliminate drug education programs; in the face of an epidemic of teenage

Societal issues have plagued humanity since the beginning of society’s existence, yet few efforts seem to be made to stop the root of the issues. The first step to solving the major issues of society is educating the general public and having an understanding of what is happening. Literature provides an insight into the ways in which people are marginalized, silenced, and oppressed and by reading these texts people gain knowledge that allows them to do something about the problem. Savage Inequalities: Children in America’s Schools details the situations and circumstances that the author, Jonathan Kozol, experienced during the time he spent traveling through struggling schools in some of the poorest areas of the United States of America.

which had otherwise segregated the room. As the novel depicts, the youth of the area seem to be the only ones able to put aside their differences.

Millions of people walk through the door of Starbucks each and every day. This coffee franchisee is among one the top retailers in the United States. Their green two-tailed mermaid logo is so widely recognized that there is no longer a need to brand the Starbuck’s name across their coffee cups. In 2013, the total revenue of this corporation exceeded $14 billion (“Starbucks Corp”). What has made this coffee giant so successful? A big contender is color. Using color psychology, companies manipulate people to buy from their brand by incorporating particular colors into their marketing strategies and increasing the vulnerability people have when making purchases. The bottom line of a business is to make the biggest profit possible and they do so by establishing relationships with their costumers.

In order to understand how the politics of exclusion works in relation to this notion of deserving, we must first understand what or whom does deserving mean. Deserving itself means that you are worthy of being treated in a different way, or this idea that you deserve something more over someone else. When this notion of deserving is created it also creates a section of people who are deemed undeserving. In figure a one is able to see how H&M deems the students and teachers as deserving to partake in receiving 15% off. By doing this we can see how it is construction this group identity of teachers and students and excluded those who are not. From this figure we can begin our analysis of politics of exclusion and this sense of ontological security.