Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) or sexually transmitted infections (STI) as they are also known account for 20 million cases annually and may be more of an economic burden than realized (Decker, 2016). These infections often go untreated or reported secondary to individuals being asymptomatic or lacking knowledge of the infections and the need for treatment. The current economic burden for treating these infections is estimated to be 16 million dollars a year with individuals between the ages of 15 and 24 accounting for half of the cases (Decker, 2016). Health care providers must maintain up to date knowledge in regards to treating and assessing for these infections. There are current issues arising in regards to changing guidelines for treatment secondary to antibiotic resistance and the primary method of prevention is being focused on risk assessment and education (Decker, 2016). The most common STD’s include, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Trichomonas, Syphilis, Herpes simplex, Human papilloma virus (HPV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
One of the STI’s is a bacterial infection cause by Chlamydia trachomatis which infects the genital area (Skowron, 2012). This bacterial infection manifests with no symptoms early on and vague symptoms presenting as late as three weeks after exposure. Some of the symptoms include, lower abdominal pain, painful urination, vaginal discharge for women and penile discharge for men along with painful sexual intercourse and testicular pain
Bacterial Vaginosis, Candidiasis, Chancroid, Granuloma Inguinale, Lymplhogranloma Venereum, Mucopurulent Cervicitis, Molluscum Contagiosu, Nongonococcal Urethritis, and Trichomiasis are more STDs that not as common and not generally discussed. Chlamydia is a bacterial STD and can be contracted through vaginal and anal sex. 75% of women and 25% of men are asymptomatic. The symptoms may include abnormal genital discharge, and burning during urination. Chlamydia can be cured with antibiotics, but the antibiotics can not undo the damage done prior to treatment. If left untreated in women, up to 30% will experience pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) which often causes ectopic pregnancy, infertility, and chronic pelvic pain. In men, causes epidiymitis, an inflammation of the testicles, which causes sterility. Infected individuals are also at a greater risk of contracting HIV. Gonorrhea is a bacterial STD that can be contracted through vaginal, anal, and/or oral sex. Though some cases may be asymptomatic, when symptoms do appear, they are often mild and usually appear within 2-10 days after exposure. The symptoms include discharge from the penis, vagina, or rectum and burning or itching during urination. Gonorrhea can also be treated and cured with antibiotics but they cannot undo the damage done prior to treatment. IF left untreated, gonorrhea can cause PID, eptopic pregnancy, infertility, and chronic pelvic
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) are one of the most common and preventable health care problems in the world. The ageism of the population and the increase in the number of older adults, along with healthcare advances that provide better and longer quality of life, has encourage changes in sexuality amongst older adults. This increase has prompted healthcare workers to familiarize themselves with the sexuality of older adults. In this report, I plan to discuss the significance of this topic, the concern for the public, and interventions that can be implemented from a Community Health Nurse prospective.
What are Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD's)? How much do you know about STD's? Do you know how to protect yourself from STD's? The answer to these questions is that most people don't know, and if they do, it's very little. Sex has become a big issue in the 90's. Wherever a person looks, sex is advertised. What do you see when you turn on the television, daytime or night? Sex. What do you see when you go to the movies? Sex. In magazines? Sex. Even advertisements in the street revolve around sex. The one thing that is not emphasized is the dangers of sex. The danger of contracting a sexually transmitted disease. I'm sure that people know that AIDS is the most dangerous STD right now, but there are
Sexually transmitted infections are a very current, modern day health care issue. These infections are passed during unprotected genital, anal or oral sex. There are sometimes symptoms of the various infections however there are some infections that can also be symptom free and therefore can go undetected for quite some time. Young people in the UK typically aged 15-24 have the highest rates of sexually transmitted infections. There is a link between this age group and those living in socioeconomically deprived areas, suggesting these particular regions need better and easier access to healthcare services in order to detect, treat and avoid further spreading and damage caused by the infections. Raising awareness of the causes of each infection and symptoms is vital. The most common types of infections are: Chlamydia, Genital herpes and warts, gonorrhea,
Over one million cases of Chlamydia were reported to the CDC in 2013. Despite this large number of reports it actually was a decrease by 1.5% since 2012 (CDC, 2014). Epidemiology statistics showed an increase in reported syphilis, including congenital. Other sexually transmitted diseases can pose higher risks for acquiring HIV. According to new studies, HIV is growing faster in populations that are over 50 versus 40 years and younger (BenRose, 2014). Factors may play a role in this such as higher divorce rates, new medications, and safe sex measures. Therefore, it is important for the healthcare provider screen for sexual activity and any change in sexual partners to provide routine testing when necessary and education on preventive
A sexually transmitted infection (STI) borne from the Chlamydia trachomatis bacterium, chlamydia is the most frequently notified disease amongst young Australians, as evident in Figure 6.17. Here, the significant distinction between notification rates of the disease when compared to other STIs is also palpable, as is the 10 – fold prevalence increase of chlamydia, from 104 in 1991 to 1,663 in 2012.
Chlamydia is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and it is caused by a bacterial infection. Chlamydia trachomatis is the specific bacterium responsible for the condition, affecting approximately 1 million people in the United States and almost a quarter of a million in the United Kingdom.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) continue to compromise the health of thousands of Americans daily, predominantly adolescents. According to the World Health Organization (2013), approximately one million Americans acquire an STD every day. Although the percentage of adolescents who have had sexual intercourse has declined since the 1990’s, those who have had sex are less likely to use any form of contraception, thus placing them at greater risk of acquiring an STD (Department of Health and Human Services [DHHS], 2015). Of the many STDs that are prevalent in the United States, chlamydia is one of the most commonly reported STDs (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2011). Undiagnosed or untreated chlamydia can cause many health problems including cervicitis, urethritis, and can advance to severe health issues such as pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy (CDC, 2011).
STDs place a significant economic strain on the U.S. healthcare system. According to CDC conservatively estimates, the lifetime cost of treating eight of the most common STDs contracted in just one year is $15.6 billion (2013). Each year, more than “$1 billion in direct and indirect costs are expended on Chlamydia infections in the United States. Many of these costs result from the management of women with PID and its complications” (Thompson, n.d.). Further growth in the economic burden of chlamydial infections will occur as these infections become more prevalent. Although chlamydia screening is expanding, many women who are at risk are still not being tested, thus,
Over 15 million STD’s are contracted in the U.S. each year (Koumans et al., 2005). Over one one-fifth of these cases involve two of the most commonly known STDs: chlamydia and gonorrhea (Koumans et al., 2005) Unfortunately, most of the individuals who get infected with these diseases fall into the age range of 15-24 years old (Koumans et al., 2005). According to Wyatt & Oswalt (2014), almost half of all STD’s contracted each year are by young people ages 15-24 years old. Moreover, the data shows that, “45% of herpes infections, 70% of gonorrhea infections, 63% of chlamydia infections, and 49% of HPV infections occur among youth between the ages of 15-24 years” (Wyatt & Oswalt, 2014). Given that many college students are between the ages of 18-24 years, it is important that schools focus on educating students about the risk of
You can only get STDs, like herpes, if your partner is having an outbreak. False. Herpes does not always have symptoms and outbreaks are not always visible. That does not mean you cannot contract the disease. STDs are only spread from bodily fluid like semen, not just skin to skin contact. False. Bodily fluids can spread some STDs herpes and syphilis can be spread by skin to skin contact. You cannot get an STD from oral sex. False. Oral sex is sexual contact and STDs can be contracted from any type of sexual contact. All STDs are curable. False. Sexually transmitted diseases caused by bacteria can be treated with antibiotics but diseases caused by viral infections are incurable. These diseases include AIDS/HIV, herpes, and human papillomavirus. You cannot get an STD if you only have sex once. False. Sex is sex, first time or not. Chlamydia Chlamydia is a bacterial infection passed through sexual contact. It is the most commonly spread STD in America affecting about 3 million men and women, most often under 25. Planned Parenthood reports that it is three times more common than gonorrhea and 50 times more common than syphilis. Chlamydia can affect the penis, vagina, cervix, urethra, eye, or throat.75% of women and 50% of men have no Chlamydia symptoms. Women may experience abdominal pain, painful intercourse, a yellowish discharge with a foul
Chlamydia trachomatis is the most widespread and infamous bacterial infection affecting the genital tract. Not only is it quite common in developed countries but an increase in cases has sprung up in developing countries as well. In the United States, there is a 4 million per year case rate of chlamydia which costs the US approximately $2 billion dollars in consequences and treatments. Persons who suffer from chlamydia in underdeveloped countries and have no means of seeking treatment may become blind because chlamydia has the potential of causing trachoma. It is becoming a global interest to control and restrain this budding disease. In order to do so it is essential to recognize the symptoms of chlamydia, diagnose the victim, and
Isn’t making love is generally thought of as a magical thing shared between two people? Those two people are sharing a bond in which to express their affection towards each other. When making love, one doesn’t think of the chances harming themselves, however, in that enchanting exchange of adoration, there can be a horrific consequence if one fails to be cautious. It can result in sexually transmitted diseases. These diseases can kill any person who is sexually active. One needs to know that there is a possibility of receiving an STD. There are chances in which they can be cured but for some, it isn’t an option. An alternative may be to slow it down, but it will remain inside of you gradually weakening the immune system. It is all caused
Sexually transmitted diseases are known as STDs or STIs, which stands for sexually transmitted infections. STDs and STIs are infectious diseases that spread from person to person through intimate contact. STDs affect guys and girls of all ages and backgrounds who are having sex, including oral and anal sex, and having skin to skin contact with an infected area or sore. Common STDs include Genital Herpes, Genital Warts, Gonorrhea, Hepatitis A, B, and C.
HIV is the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS. A member of a group of viruses called retroviruses, HIV infects human cells and uses the energy and nutrients provided by those cells to grow and reproduce. AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is a disease in which the body's immune system breaks down and is unable to fight off certain infections, known as "opportunistic infections," and other illnesses that take advantage of a weakened immune system. When a person is infected with HIV, the virus enters the body and lives and multiplies primarily in the white blood cells. These are the immune cells that normally protect us from disease.