Should The 1954-Report Says Cigarettes Cause Cancer?

In 1955, a black woman named Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white man, and changed the history of the black struggle of civil rights. Several have heard a simple version of Rosa Parks story, which she was tired from a long day of work resulted in bus desegregation. In actuality, steps to organize against bus segregation had begun years before, and the boycott was coordinated effort that involved approximately 40,00 people and over a year sacrifice. There had been several instances of Blacks refusing to obey the segregation laws on public transportation in the 1940’s. Rosa Parks, when she refused to give up her seat on a city bus, committed the most powerful act of civil disobedience in the American Civil Rights Movement.

African-Americans had to find a way to end segregation, which resulted to nonviolent protests, movements, and civil disobedience to protest and fight for their rights. African Americans created the Civil rights movement to go against racial segregation and discrimination in the southern United States.. They wanted to voice their opinion and be known, they felt that they needed to have equal rights just like the whites and their voices would be heard. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in.” (on refusing to give up her seat on the bus to a white male)(Rosa Park Quotes. 1)  On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks of Montgomery, Alabama, refused to give up her seat to a white bus rider, thereby defying a southern custom that required blacks to

On December 1, 1955 Rosa Parks sparked a change. Rosa Parks sparked a change by being true to herself. Back then one of the rules was black people has to sit in the back of the bus. As years went by all black people were sitting in the back of the bus until, Rosa Parks decided to be herself and sit in the front of the bus. If Rosa Parks didn’t be herself this issue would have been solved later.

One evening as Rosa Parks got on the bus and sat down a white man told her to get up and move to the back of the bus, Parks was tired and her feet hurt from working all day, she told him no and that day was the day that all black equal rights was tested. “Many of the most significant decisions influencing not only the boycott, but also the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s, were made behind the scenes between the time of Parks’ arrest late that Thursday and the historic flood of events the following Monday” (MontgomeryBoycott). That day sparked a social change in history and the civil rights movement that was happening at the time. It was a perfect time for leaders and the NAACP to get involved and make their voices be heard in this issue. There was boycotts against the Montgomery Bus system which led many blacks forced not to ride the bus until the equal rights of blacks are changed. Many whites picked up their help for they needed them to work on days, and many black taxis charged little to transport them to work and back. The boycott and other situations that happened at the time was to end segregation and make sure equal rights was given to

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was designed on the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), as the locus of U.S.civil aerospace research and development. NASA was officially established on October 1, 1958 , the creation was directed to the pressure of national defense. NASA is responsible for important scientific and technology accomplishments in human aerospace science that have impacted our nation and/or world all across the board. The founder of this great corporation was our 34th President of the United States the honorable Dwight D. Eisenhower. During the Cold war ,which was a combat over theories and faithfulness of separate nations, in the middle of it there was a major battle of space exploration known as the Space Race between the Soviets and United States of America. Like every other corporation, NASA had a mission which was “to pioneer the future in space exploration, scientific discovery and aeronautics research.”and the motto states “For the benefit of All” both mission and motto are correlative to each other.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, or NASA is an organization accountable for phenomenal space exploration. The breakthrough for this agency was on their Apollo 11 mission with the first moon landing in July 1969 with Neil Armstrong being the first man on the moon. His prominent phrase “That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind” sparked a flame for space exploration in the hearts of millions. This feat was unheard of at this time period since the Apollo 11 team returned with a massive 842 pounds of lunar samples. With this space landing America concluded the Space race, triumphing the Soviet Union in a dignified manner. From this stage forward NASA blossomed into a distinguished space program and achieving popularity

On her way home from work, Rosa Parks sat on a seat closer to the front of a bus. When a white person wanted to sit there, she refused to get up. She was then arrested. This caused the Montgomery Bus Boycott to happen. This officially

At the time, Russia and the United States were the central powers of the world and both lived in fear of one becoming more powerful than the other. It seemed, to the American people, that the soviets were always one step ahead. They were the first to launch a satellite into space, the first to orbit the Earth, the first to send instruments to the Moon, and in April 1961 the the first to put a man in space. This generated a fear in the american people's eyes. After the soviets put cosmonaut (the Russian version of an astronaut) Yuri Gagarin into space, the americans were quick to follow. In May 1961 astronaut Alan Shepard launched into space aboard the Freedom 7 and touched back down after 15 minutes. Shortly after, Alan Shepard’s success inspired President John F. Kennedy to make the bold public statement: “... I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth. No single space project in this period will be more impressive to mankind, or more important for the long-range exploration of space; and none will be so difficult or expensive to accomplish.” Kennedy proposed millions of dollars in funding for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to accelerate their space research. From 1961 to 1964, NASA’s budget increased almost 500 percent, and the lunar landing program eventually involved 34,000 NASA employees and 375,000 employees of industrial and university contractors. In 1962 John Glenn became the first American to orbit earth. He circled the planet three times before manually landing in the Atlantic ocean after the Friendship 7’s automatic system malfunctioned. The more success the soviet space program had , the larger the urgency the americans felt to one up the soviets. Astronauts were seen as the ultimate American heroes, and the people down on earth seemed

On July 29th, 1958, the United States established NASA, reflecting to the world that the US would soon become a leader in the space race. President Eisenhower signed the National Aeronautics and Space Act that officially gave NASA the opportunity to be funded with what was needed to advance in the space race. With Russia launching Sputnik into space in 1957, it was brought to immediate attention that the US government would have to implement some type of program to keep up with the rapidly advancing technology and ensure that American’s were safe.

1955 Rosa Parks protested against the Jim Crow laws by not giving up her seat on a bus to a white person then in 1963 Martin Luther King Jr “I have a dream speech” helped in 1965 with the abolishment of Jim Crow Laws

In 1964, the Surgeon General announced that tobacco in cigarettes causes cancer. However, according to the CDC 40 million Americans still smoke these cancerous sticks today in 2016. There have been a few regulations that decreased smoking in public areas and, recently, California passed a law to raise the legal age of smoking. This is a great idea because it can reduce the risk of disease and lower the cost of health care.

“December 1, 1955, on that day Rosa Parks boarded a bus and took a seat. A few stops later she was told to give her seat to a white passenger who had just boarded. She refused. For those who insist that a moment be pin-pointed when the American Revolution of 1963 began, that moment was her.”—Frank McGee NBC, 1963

On December 1, 1955 Rosa refused to give up her bus seat to a white man. Parks' act of defiance and the Montgomery Bus Boycott became important symbols of the modern Civil Rights Movement. At the time Rosa was a secretary for the NAACP.

At one time smoking was just considered a socially acceptable behavior, but is now the leading cause of disability and death in the U.S. It is considered to be the most important cause of chronic bronchitis in both sexes, lung and laryngeal cancer in men and probable cause of lung cancer in women. There are many reasons smoking causes lung cancer but one is that the smoke from one single cigarette is composed of over four thousand different constituents and of those, approximately sixty of them are known carcinogens or tumor promoters. Smoking may be the number one leading cause of death, but it is also preventable.

Space exploration became part of human accomplishments after the discoveries and theoretical that been discovered by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky and Robert H. In 1957 The soviet union came at the top of the list by launching the first artificial satellite. After a couple of years, on 1961, the Russian astronaut became the first human to orbit the earth he lasted 108 minutes in his trip and he reached 327km height. It was like a race between the soviet union and the United States both sides trying hard to discover new things and do more space exploration, however in 1969 the United States made a big achievement in this race through the Apollo 11 mission, the target of this mission was to land on the moon by a spacecraft that contains human inside it and the astronaut Neil Armstrong was the first human who walked on the moon. The journey took four days and the astronauts spent 21 hours on the moon surface and they were able to go back to earth safely, it was a big step in mankind 's history. In 1973, the