Should There Be a Private Copying Levy for 3D Printing? Analysis of Private Copying Levy Consistency with 'Fair Compensation ', the European Union Perspective
I. Background
Three-dimensional (3D) printing as a developing revolutionary technology is no longer exclusive to particular industries such as aerospace, automotive and defense industries. 3D printers are gradually welcomed by individual users and are capable of being manufacturers at home and build various physical objects. In order to build 3D printed objects, users often make copy of others ' work using digital files. These works are protected by intellectual property laws particularly copyright and design laws. Individuals are typically permitted to copy the objects for
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In the preliminary phase of this essay, I intended to work on a comparative analysis between the US and Canada on PC levy system, but at later stages of the research and due to existing similarities as well as economic imbalance between the two countries this comparative section was ignored. As a substitute I decided to focus only on the European Union perspective.
At the same time, the questionnaire plan was faced with some complexities and difficulties such as, the gap between the 3D technical experts and PC levy authorities that made it very hard to combine these concepts in designing the questionnaire. Also, there was a risk of making people uncomfortable by asking them to provide me data over the PC levies. Consequently, I decided to cancel using this research instrument.
B. Limitations
There were some limitations in conducting this study. First of all, 3D printing is a technical subject that requires in-depth professional study. Secondly, the word limit was a huge barrier in providing a transparent overview on the topic of the essay. And finally, due to the lack of specific EU regulations with regard to the PC levy on 3D printing, it was difficult to analyse findings without having compatible legal standards to fit in.
The remainder of this essay is structured into the following sections: Section II briefly describes 3D printing in its technological context, in Section III, the private copying levy system will be outlined, the
During this last decade a machine called a 3D printer has taken off and is believed to soon be in the homes of almost every family in the United States. It’s basically a computer printer that creates a 3-dimentional object by stacking material layer by layer on top of each other. You can design these objects through modeling software or
3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three-dimensional solid objects from a digital design. The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive processes. In an additive process the desired object is created by laying down successive layers of material (usually molten alloy or plastics) until the entire object is formed. Each of these layers can be seen as a thinly sliced horizontal cross-section of the eventual object.
While 3D printing brings the promise of innovation and creativity to many, it brings fear to others; fear of 3-D printed weapons, intellectual property infringement, and safety issues with CAD designs. As such, 3D printing raises both ethical and regulatory issues for the society.
As 3D printing transitions from commercial manufacturing use to personal private use individuals will have the ability to print any design. Products can range from a pair of shoes to complicated engineering designs, life-saving devices, prosthetic limbs and weapons that pass airport security. In the future we will likely see printable medications and
There are a few pressing matters regarding the impact of 3D printing on society including security risks and accountability when a tragedy occurs as a result of manufactured items. However, 3D printing has a beneficial impact in different fields. One positive impact of 3D printing is the new industry software developers can pursue since there is a need to build and maintain user friendly software for 3D printing. 3D printing also reduces the time to necessary to
3D printing is definitely a huge advancement in Technology! However, very controversial. Although, it has multiple benefits in our society in Medical health practices & Engineering speed, it can also be used for illegal purposes. Now, does the bad outweigh the good? That is the question debated today. I see the whole concept in only 2 large points. It will greatly help people who are desperately in need for transplant organs. It will drastically reduce the organ waiting list and once perfected, our life span should be bumped up a decade or so. On the other hand, what if someone down the road you'll be able to completely recreate a human being in it's entirety? Would we harvest them for their organs? Would it be fair? What if it falls in the
That is nice, but what about 3DHubs. As stated above, 3DHubs and their sellers are guilty of the same violations. Just3DPrint's mistake was more direct than 3DHubs. There is a solution that could save money in millions of dollars in ligitation and secure 3D Modeler's rights and prevent commercialization of creative commons 3d Models.
Did a soldier ever think of printing his missing hand that was amputated while in combat? Or did that surgeon ever thought of printing that patient’s matching heart that’s been on the national organ donor list for the past two years? And how about printing the most want it toy for Christmas for your child? Well now you can, by using a 3-D modeling technology printing concept. 3-D (Three-Dimensional) modeling technology in the medical field has been an innovation since the 1980’s. This technology has come a long ways. 3-D modeling technology printing is a method of additive manufacturing and built-up technique where a three dimensional object is shaped by laying down consecutive layers of material to create an object in a 3-D aspect. Recently, there has been an increase in the number of companies providing personalized three dimensional printed models of objects that have been scanned and reduced to a 3-D shape with the assistance of computer software, and then printed to the customer’s requests. This technology has developed into many branches, in which has opened doors leading to a new form of imagery in the world of printing. While some may argue this technology may result in a trend of piracy and with its non-proprietary software, some individuals may gain profit by manufacturing counterfeit pharmaceutical products. Society should invest in the 3-D modeling technology concept as many individuals have been creating toys at home and
Have you ever lost a limb? Have you ever needed a new car part? If so, the marvel of 3D printing can deliver these things. The future has truly arrived today, almost any object we can think of can become reality through 3D printing. 3D printing is the process of making a physical object from a digital model by layering a material until it forms the object. 3D printing shows a lot of potential for both recreational and practical uses, and I believe will help shape the future of technology.
To start off with a basic definition a 3D printer is a machine ranging in size from a pen to that of a tank (http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2697306/Oar-Fully-functioning-plastic-boat-created-using-worlds-biggest-3D-printer.html). They create the desired design by continously spraying or to a surgical precision laying layers of material on top of each other layer to form the design that was created through one of the many programs made to create 3D printer designs. 3D printers can use a multitude of sources to create their three dimensional final products. These sources can include but are not limited to plastic polymers, titanium, aluminum, iron, steel, and almost any ductile metal or propane product that can be heated and placed without forming into a gas or melting to a point of no return. Of course these aren’t just typical polymers or metals they have been mixed with other certain chemicals and materials to give the materials new found properties. The cost of these 3D printers can be anywhere from $140 dollars all the way up to $846,000 (3ders.org). These are just the consumer models! Take a second to imagine the industrial and prototype models which are even bigger and more complex. When making the product the 3D printer creates it in a chamber where an arm like machine continuously lays material and forms the
The 3D printing has certainly taken technology to a storm providing major solution in various industries and a step ahead in man-made new age technology. Be ready to enter into a world of 3D print technology that can be a huge leap over the human innovation and would make life
The concept of 3D printing got a lot of businesses attention, from airplane and space industries to house appliance companies. Every business and industry is thinking of ways to utilise 3D printers to their own benefit, not just business and industries, also schools, governments and individual groups of people. 3D printing is an additive manufacturing technique whereby objects are printed layer by layer through a series of slices, they work in a similar way to normal desktop printers but instead of ink, the 3D printers use other ranges of material powders. All printers use CAD or drafting software that calculates each slice size and they determine exactly how each of them should be constructed to fit in
As 3D printers are becoming live in the market, they demonstrate great potential by fostering economic growth. The implications of this revolutionary technology indeed promise to have a radical impact on the may things are produced and business is done. There are
Government policy - Although 3D printing opens up new practical challenges, protection of 3D designs and objects under intellectual property, the policy questions about 3D printers are not
3D printing is a technology that was invented in the early 1980s by a man named Charles Hull (Ventola, 2014). Since its creation, 3D printing has branched into many different aspects of the world and is being utilized in fields like the automotive industry, medicine and is even being used for everyday purposes. Later on, Charles Hull founded a company called 3D Systems which developed the first ever 3D printer. In 1988, Hull and his company 3D Systems, put forth the first commercially available 3D printer. From this point on, 3D printing would be advanced and evolved to the point where it would have the opportunity to create a revolutionary impact on the world we