Simulium Meridionale: Black Fly Or Turkey Gnat

The PEST analysis helps to explain the critical factors in the organization's external environment. The factors include political, economic, social and technological. For Myer, these forces combine with the internal factors, and other external factors like competition. The Australian consumer goods retail market is worth $121 billion (IBISWorld, 2012) but is heavily fragmented. Myer is the third-largest company in the industry behind David Jones and Harvey Norman, but with $3.158 billion in sales holds just 2.6% market share (Myer 2011 Annual Report). This implies that competition is only one of many factors that can contribute to the company's results. This PEST analysis will help to identify the other major factors.

Dominus in Litore has an estimated lifespan of 30 years, at the age of 1 they are almost half their full grown size! The females can lay as many as fifty eggs. Sadly, when the eggs are barely laid, their shells are so soft that freshly fallen snow can break it. After five days, the shell can turn unbreakable, a diamond can try to scratch it but will break it at the same time. These facts might be helpful when you encounter

The goldenrod gall fly (or Eurosta solidaginis) is a parasite whose life depends upon and revolves around the goldenrod plant. After mating, the female gall fly uses its ovipositor (structure used to inject eggs into a plant) to insert its eggs into the stem of a goldenrod plant. After about ten days, the fly larvae hatch and begin to eat the inside of the plant. The saliva of the larva contains a chemical that causes the plant to swell, creating what is known as a gall; this serves as a food source and a protective shell for the growing larva. When fall approaches, the larva digs an escape tunnel by which it will later exit the gall as an adult; however, the larva does not complete the tunnel, instead it leaves a thin membrane of plant material for protection (Abrahamson & Heinrich, n.d.). E. solidaginis larvae then pupate in late winter or early spring, and leave the gall as adults soon afterwards (Abrahamson, Sattler, McCrea, & Weis, 1989). Once freed from the gall,

There are twelve species within the same genus and have subtle variations in physical appearances, all living in freshwater, but due

How does it reproduce? Its sexes are separate but occasional hermaphrodite. Moreover, it usually reproduces during the first three months in a year. At around 25mm in diameter and 2 years

6. Place the parents in the morgue (fly & be free). Label the vial containing the eggs or larvae with the symbols for the mating. Also label the vial with your name and date. Place the vial in a warm location (on the shelf).

Arkansas river shiners release their eggs and sperm into open flowing water which drifts downstream. Arkansas river shiners have been shown to successfully reproduce from May through September when stream flow exists, However, peak reproduction may take place at moderate to higher flows. In the absence of sufficient stream flows, eggs likely settle to the channel floor, where they are covered and smothered by silt and shifting, hindering oxygen uptake and causing mortality of the embryos. Plataina and Altenbach determined that eggs could be transported forty five to eighty nine miles downstream before hatching and developing larvae could then be transported an additional distance before being capable of direct swimming.

1a. The purpose of this experiment was to study the relationship of the distribution of stable flies to certain environments and to understand how and why it affects their survival. A stable fly or (Stomoxys Calcitrans) is a fly that sucks the blood of domestic animals and humans. Natural enemies of the stable fly include beetles and mites which devour eggs and larvae, small parasitic wasps known as (Spalangia) are predators to the stable fly, attacking fly pupae.

Atlantic croaker larvae have a peak in spawning from July through December and an estuarine recruitment peak in October-November (Cowan, 1988; Ditty et al., 1988; Warlen and Burke, 1990; Barbieri et al., 1994a). Atlantic croaker spawn over a wide range of inner continental shelf depths, i.e., 54 m or shallower, with a portion of the population moving inshore towards the estuaries to complete spawning in the winter and early spring months (Barbieri et al., 1994a, 1994b). Hydrologic variability at large and small spatial and temporal scales can greatly affect the numbers of Atlantic croaker larvae able to successfully recruit to estuarine nursery grounds (Norcross, 1983; Shaw et al., 1988; Raynie, 1991; Raynie and Shaw, 1994). Once in the estuary, lower water temperatures in the first winter decrease survival, as verified in both the field (Norcross and Austin, 1988; Hare and Able, 2007), and laboratory (Lankford and Targett, 2001a, 2001b).

Mating occurs before sunrise and mates are found by scents. When the female lays her eggs it forms a stick that contains thirty to fifty eggs. They hatch after about twenty-five days and they eat the cactus pad. After about two moths in the host cactus they exit the cactus and form cocoons. They become a pupa under the debris on the ground. Once they reach the moth stage they search for a

Kookaburra males B bid emails six weeks before the eggs are laid. The phenol has to be very careful with her movement because the eggs are very delicate. Because the eggs are so delicate, that the now only Les 2 to 3 eggs at a time. The

Texas Cichlids breed easily ("Texas Cichlid"). The female will lay eggs on top of something that is flat and the male will impregnate the eggs ("Texas Cichlid"). Before the eggs hatch, the male and female cichlids burrow a small hole ("Texas Cichlid"). The male protects the area while the female takes care of the eggs ("Texas Cichlid"). Three to five days later, the baby cichlids are born and then they spend time in the hole that was burrowed for five to eight days ("Texas Cichlid"). Once they reach a certain size, the young cichlids should be taken out of the tank ("Texas

G. spinigerum has a many host life history. The first intermediate host is a small fresh-water crustacean, a cyclopoid copepod (Prommas and Daengsvan, 1933). The eggs hatch in fresh water and water fleas of the genus Cyclops eat the larvae. The water fleas are eaten by small fish. The larvae end up in the stomachs of carnivores. The larva pierce through the stomach wall and relocate around in the host's body for about three months before returning to the stomach and attaching itself in the gastric mucosa. It takes six months to mature. The eggs are carried in the host's feces. If they reach fresh water then the cycle begins again. Paratenic hosts are an important part of the life cycle, and it has been found that the advanced third-stage larvae

Mayflies have a very interesting life cycle. They are the only insect to have two “adult” molts, and begin life as eggs laid on the surface of the water that sink to the bottom. The aquatic nymphs of mayflies are called naiads, and creep around rocks and vegetation. After months

S. invicta has been shown to have two social forms, a monogyne and polygyne form. The monogyne system only contains one mating queen, while in the polygyne system there are multiple queens (Ross 1997). The two are distinguishable by genetic comparison of the Gp-9 locus. The polygene form is identifiable by all being heterozygotes (Bb) at the Gp-9 locus (Ross 1997). Both social forms have been shown to occur throughout the United States, although it is thought that the monogyne form is largely responsible for the initial invasion (Tschindel 1998). Mating flights are the common form of colony expansion and secondly budding can occur in which a portion of a colony becomes a self-sufficient unit. On average S. invicta will have six to eight mating flights a year occurring between the fall and