Sirenomelia, also referred to and more commonly known as Mermaid Syndrome, is an extremely rare congenital disease characterized by the partial or complete fusion of the patient’s legs and feet, giving it the appearance of a mermaid’s tail from Greek mythology. The degree of severity can vary widely from person to person, in some cases the affected infant has only one femur while in others they have two femurs pushed together into one sealed shaft of skin. Infants affected may have one foot, both feet, or no feet at all. In fact there are seven ways to classify the severity of the disorder which includes some of the aforementioned symptoms. The first through seventh type are characterized by the following features, all thigh and leg bones are …show more content…
However, these options are limited, most likely costly and may require the coordinated efforts of a team of specialists including pediatricians, surgeons, cardiologists, orthopedists, kidney specialists and other healthcare professionals. One treatment option for Sirenomelia would be to attempt to surgically separate the fused legs, this would depend on if the child is healthy enough and the severity of the fusion for example, Shiloh Pepin did not have the option of surgery because blood vessels crossing from side to side in her circulatory system would have been severed (Washington Post, 2009). In preparation for this surgery, balloon-like tissue expanders are inserted under the skin of the leg which are then filled with a salt solution over a certain period of time, this causes the balloons to expand, making the skin around it stretch and grow. The excess skin is then used to cover up the missing skin of the legs after they have been separated. (National Organization for Rare Disorders, 2018). Other surgery options include amputation of the lower extremity, a kidney transplant if the originals happen to fail or are missing entirely. Reconstructive surgery may also be necessary for the …show more content…
Researchers believe that several environmental and genetic factors work together and play a role in the development of Sirenomelia. The most popular medical theory suggests that Sirenomelia could be caused by abnormalities in the blood circulating system within the embryo at an early stage of development. Some affected individuals have been found to have a single large artery followed by the absence of the usual two arteries that branch out to lower areas and carry blood to the tail end of the embryo. The single artery that is present, which is referred to as a “steal” vessel due to the fact that it essentially steals blood and nutrients from the lower part of the body, diverts the flow of blood that normally circulates from the aorta to the lower portion of the embryo back up to the placenta instead so the blood and nutrients that are needed never end up reaching the tail end of the embryo. Due to the malnutrition from this lack of blood flow, the fetus fails to develop two separate limbs. (National Organization for Rare Disorders, 2018) There is still much to learn about what causes Sirenomelia since there is so little known about it currently. When experimenting with
2. The defect in Caleb’s heart allows blood to mix between the two ventricular chambers. Due to this defect would you expect the blood to move from left-to-right ventricle or right-to-left ventricle during systole? Explain your answer based on blood pressure and resistance in the heart and great vessels. It goes left to right during systole. The difference is normally, oxygen-poor (blue) blood returns to the right atrium from the body, travels to the right ventricle, and then is pumped into the lungs where it receives oxygen. Oxygen-rich (red) blood returns to the left atrium from the lungs, passes into the left ventricle, and then is pumped out to the body through the aorta. But when an infant has ventricular septal defect it still allows oxygen-rich (red) blood to pass from the left ventricle, through the opening in the septum, and then mix with oxygen-poor (blue) blood in the right ventricle. (ROCHESTER.EDU) but instead when systole occurs the blood gets mixed because of the septum therefore heart needs to pump harder to ensure that enough blood with oxygen reaches the body.
The patient underwent a right foot surgery with bilobed rotational skin flap of the foot, debridement, harvesting of a full thickness skin graft at a separate site and application of a full thickness skin graft per operative report dated 5/29/15.
Surgery. This is rarely needed, but it may be considered in adults who are done growing and continue to have symptoms.
42-year old Mandy Sellars is a British woman that was born with very unusual medical condition. While her upper body is completely normal, both her legs never stop growing since birth. It weighed 210 lb or 95 kg. It so heavy that she uses crutches to aid her to roam around. She has undergone surgery on her left leg as it gets amputated and started using a wheelchair, to her surprise, the leg has started growing back.
There is a universal ideology that suggests that each gender plays their specific, individualized roles in society: men acting as independent, powerful alpha males, and women being their dutiful submissives. Contemporary narratives depict women as such whereas mythology is rich with goddesses and other female figures who are brave and powerful warriors equal to men. So if mythology can be overflowed with stories about female leaders, how come contemporary narratives have derived from that viewpoint? Sirens in Greek Mythology are a perfect example of the derivation to the new idea of women in society: weak. By examining the myth of Sirens through a feminist critical lens, the question of whether society is “concerned with the ways in which literature and other cultural productions reinforce or undermine the economic, political, social, and psychological oppression”(Brizee Web) will be answered. The mythological legend of the Sirens highlights the superiority of these figures who could destroy by temptation through their melodic voices; modern interpretations of sirens- as in Disney’s The Little Mermaid (1989)- reduce the feminine power of the siren to a contemporary stereotype of the powerless, dependent, subservient woman.
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), one of the more common cardiac defects at birth, is the persistence of an opening between the pulmonary artery and the descending thoracic aorta. This opening is as a result of failure of the physiological fetus ductus arteriosus to close, which normally occurs soon after birth. This hole allows for oxygenated blood from the aorta to mix with oxygen-depleted blood from the pulmonary artery. As a consequence, significant strain is placed on the heart and pressure within the lungs’ arteries is dramatically increased.
First and foremost, the character development in “Mermaids,” is the polar opposite of what any tragic story would be. The main character Torchy has no evident or visible hamartia, he is indeed a weak character when he is first presented, however he does not have that key tragic flaw that every protagonist in a tragic story has. He also lacks the element of peripeteia, it is true that he does many foolish things, such as gambling, drugs, and self inflicting harm. However, none of these acts initially lead to his demise, in fact, his poor experiences help him grow as a character. “I feel my blood drain… I lean hard against a parking meter” (Van Camp 1). When first presented to us, Torchy is shown as a person that is strong on the outside, he always has his guard up and is constantly aware of his surroundings. However, on the inside he is a vulnerable man, conscious of his mortality where he harms himself to relieve the pain that he is feeling. “I can feel it build. I don’t want to scare her… I hug her
Critical Congenital Heart Defects are abnormalities of the heart structure that are present at birth. These occur because of incomplete or abnormal development of the fetus’ heart. These defects can cause severe mortality within the newborn stage (Goldstein, 2013, p.1). Several are known to be linked to genetic disorders such as Down syndrome and others are thought to be linked to environmental factors that women can be exposed to while pregnant. The cause of most CCHD’s is unknown.
He says that the history of mermaid start seven million years ago in Africa. Human ancestors left their shelter to find food, and there were curious about what’s in the ocean. Because of the instinct of human, the ancestors went to the ocean and adapt. Some of them drawn to the sea, but the rest adapted very well even their body change and adapt as
The treatment for these is not necessary. The only time you would need the treatment is if they're getting irritated. The doctors may use cauterisation, cryosurgery, excision, or surgical ligation. Of course if you don't want to go to the doctor you can cut them with scissors, nail, clippers, small knife.(If they do start bleeding a lot seek medical attention).
Najate Achamrah and Agnes Ditisheim believe that defective placenta releases many factors to the maternal circulation such as, pro-inflammatory cytokines, syncytiotrophoblast micro particles, angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors which is in turn cause endothelial cell dysfunction and increase vascular resistance that result in the maternal syndrome. (Najate Achamrah & Agnes Ditisheim, 2018).
Cyanotic congenital heart defects include; Transposition of the great arteries, Truncus arteriosus, Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. (5)
The mystical maidens of the sea, better known as mermaids, have been featured in everything from the folklore of the past to the fiction of the present, but what do we really know about them? Legends of these half-human, half-fish creatures exist all over the globe, and even if they are merely legend, they’re a pretty fascinating manifestation of what the human imagination can produce. Here are six things you might not know about these mythical creatures.
Mermaids have multiple human bodily functions and multiple fish bodily functions to support their bodies and keep their have fish and have human bodies healthy and running. As Irene Ziegler has stated, “When a real mermaid is underwater, that third eyelid closes over her eyes like a window shade pulled from the side of the sash.” The mermaids third eyelid serves to let the mermaids keep their sight while living beneath water for most of their lives. Without their third eyelid, Mermaid's eyes could potentially dry out and they would be blinded for over 50% of their lives. These mystical creatures also have a tail covered in aquatic fish scales. These scales that surround the mermaids tail help protect it from predatory attacks and can also to show the origin of that specific mermaid. Inside the top human half of a mermaid is an aquatic respiratory system. Without these aquatic respiratory system mermaids wouldn't be able to breath underwater or stay underwater for long periods of time. Basically, the mermaid would be a human with a fish tale. Mermaids also have a heart, lungs, and all other anatomy that a human has, but their body can survive the intake of great amounts of water. Unlike humans, mermaids use their outrageous bodily abilities to thoroughly embrace life. The third eyelid that helps them see underwater and prevents eye dryness, fish scales that prevents injuries from predatory attacks, and an aquatic respiratory system to allow the animal to live and breathe underwater, all work together to allow the mermaid to create a life strictly under ground
Once upon a time, there were these three mermaids. In the deep blue sea there names were Sirene,Nixie,and Lyla they were with their pod. The mermaids went for a swim away from their pod in they went to this island to look around in they found these starfish that they put on their ear. When the three mermaids left when they got where they pod was at they was not there the pod had disappeared ,so they want back to the island in was talking like where did our pod go.The mermaids heard people talking it was this boy name Zac and his family they were out there camping. Zac told his family that he was going for a walk in he saw this cave so he was thinking like should I go in then, so Zac end up going into the cave.When Zac went