Standard Scores

Content validity is achieved when the content of the assessment matches the educational objectives. Criterion validity is demonstrated by the ability of the test to relate to external requirements. Construct validity takes into account the educational variables, such as the native language of the students, to predict the test outcomes. Reliable assessments have consistent results; Reliability refers to the consistency of a measure. A test is considered reliable if we get the same result repeatedly.

Standard deviation is a way of visualizing how spread out points of data are in a set. Using standard deviation helps to determine how rare or common an occurrence is. For example, data points falling within the boundaries of one standard deviation typically account for about 68% of data and those between (+/-)1 standard deviation and (+/-)2 standard deviations make about 27% combined. This can be better visualized by using a bell graph. Using the mean and standard deviation, the points where standard deviations occur can be drawn on the graph to better understand which data is rare and which is common.

We know that +/- 1.96 standard deviations from the mean will contain 95% of the values. So, we can get the standard deviation by:

Standard deviation is important in comparing two different sets of data that has the same mean score. One standard deviation may be small (1.85), where the other standard deviation score could be quite large (10)(Rumsey,

Standard Deviation of Mean= 0.4762Standard Deviation of Median= 0.7539The standard deviation of the Mean is smaller, which means all of the data points will tend to be very close to the Mean. The Median with a larger Standard Deviation will tend to have data points spread out over a large range of values. Since the Mean has the smaller value of the Standard Deviations, it has the least variability.

and SD are _______________________ statistics. The mean is the measure of Central tendency of a distribution while SD is a measure of dispersion of its scores. Both X and SD is descriptive statistics.

The mean birth weight of infants born at a certain hospital in the month of April was 128 oz. with a standard deviation of 10.2 oz. Which of the following is a correct interpretation of standard deviation?

Standard Deviation for the mean column is 0.476Standard Deviation for the median column is 0.754Standard deviation for the mean column has least variability

3. In one elementary school, 200 students are tested on the subject of Math and English. The table below shows the mean and standard deviation for each subject.

2. For the following set of scores, fill in the cells. The mean is 74.13 and the standard deviation is 9.98.

Rounded to the closest hundreth, the standard deviation for the set is approximately 19.52. Juxtaposed

Chapter 38. In a statistic class, 10 scores were randomly selected with the following results obtained: 75, 74, 77, 77, 71, 70, 65, 78, 67, and 66. What is the Standard deviation?  A. 21.40B. 23.78C. 4.88D. 4.63E. 214.00

“No issue in the U.S. Education is more controversial than (standardized) testing. Some people view it as the linchpin of serious reform and improvement, others as a menace to quality teaching and learning” (Phelps). A tool that educators use to learn about students and their learning capabilities is the standardized test. Standardized tests are designed to give a common measure of a student’s performance. Popular tests include the SAT, IQ tests, Regents Exams, and the ACT. “Three kinds of standardized tests are used frequently in schools: achievement, diagnostic, and aptitude” (Woolfolk 550). Achievement tests can be used to help a teacher assess a student’s strengths and weaknesses in a

Have you ever thought about what college you want to go to after high school? In order to get into that college, you must be accepted. Colleges look for a numerous amount of criteria in order for you to get accepted, and one of those things colleges look for is your standardized test score. The standardized test is a test administered and scored in a consistent, or “standard”, way (edglossary.org). Seeing that you must get a high enough score on the test in order for your dream college to accept you, the tests are difficult, but are very worth it at the end. Colleges have been accepting students into their school with standardized test scores for more than 50 years, and with that being said, it has seemed to work pretty well (content.time.com). In the end, standardized test scores show that you deserve to go to that college, and is also a way of showing that you’ve worked hard for so long to accomplish something huge.

The validity of a test if very important, because it can make or break a test. The purpose of a test is to measure something specific. If the test has low validity it is not measuring what it supposed to measure. The Holland codes validity is measured through the different personality types. The test has shown to accurately predict a possible career choice for each participants (O’Connell 1971).