Statute Of Anne: The First American Copyright Law

The Massachusetts Bay Colony Case Against Anne Hutchinson is a transcription of a court trial. The document was written in 1637 by an unnamed person, who worked for the court. It was written to keep a record of the trial and to set a precedent for future trials. Anne Hutchinson was on trial for holding and practicing beliefs that were considered threatening to the stability of the church and community. Anne Hutchinson was convicted of antinomianism and was subsequently excommunicated from the colony. After leaving Massachusetts Bay, Anne went on to help found Portsmouth, Rhode Island. After Portsmouth, Anne Hutchinson went to Long Island where she was killed.

Madison Vs. Marbury is one of the biggest cases in the Supreme Court’s history. It was the first case in the US Supreme Court to include the principle of judicial review. In 1803, this case was written by Chief Justice John Marshall. The newly organized party of the Democratic-Republican party ran by Thomas Jefferson defeated the Federalist party that John by John Adams.

In the article Avoiding Plagiarism, Sue Burkill and Caroline Abbey discuss the ambiguous details of plagiarism. I completely agree that plagiarism is hard to depict. The article talk a lot about using your own words but it did not speak of the fact that your vocabulary could be closely related to an author’s vocabulary. In my experience, I have had my own complete thought before I research an article. While reading articles, I notice that the author shares similar views as well as similar language. In education, a common vocabulary seems to be a big topic for most school. We all end up at the same seminars. Therefore, we develop similar language. So, it is sometimes hard to distinguish between your complete thoughts and the writer’s

In its beginning, the United States based its code of laws on the British Law (Moser & Slay, 2011, 16). Connecticut passed the first state copyright bill: an Act for the Encouragement of Literature and Genius in 1783 (Moser & Slay, 2011, 16). By 1786, twelve out of the thirteen states had passed copyright statutes. However, the fact that each state had its own copyright laws created inconsistency and inconvenience for enforcement from one state to another. A federal copyright law was necessary. On March 1783, the Continental Congress drafted the Constitutional Copyright Clause, which gave to the federal government the power to pass copyright laws (Moser & Slay, 2011, 17). The clause stipulated that the goal of the United States was to promote

This paper will discuss the history of media shield laws in the U.S. and Hawaii. It will argue the pros and cons of the need and importance of such shield laws in Hawaii to help enhance the First Amendment. According to the West 's Encyclopedia of American Law (n.d.) shield laws are statues that “make communications between news reporters and informants confidential and privileged, freeing journalists of the obligation to testify about them in court.” The encyclopedia compares this to a doctor-patient, lawyer-client or priest-parishioner privilege. Where these laws are in action, journalists are free to protect their sources. If subpoenaed by a state court, journalists are free to refuse to give up their confidential sources or unpublished material. This makes it easier for journalists to report on a broad variety of topics, but these laws are also controversial because they challenge the government interests when it comes to bringing criminals to justice (Shield Laws, n.d.). Research shows that Hawaii used to have a shield law – the best in the country according to several people – but it was overturned in 2013. Today, 49 states and the District of Colombia have implemented shield laws of different variation of protection (Riker, 2015). At the same time, there does not exist any media shield laws at the federal level (Shield Laws 101, n.d.).

Music Copyright is a very important aspect of the music industry. The Copyright law was established to preserve the creativity and rights of authors, composers, performers of expression. Copyright is the law that protects the property rights of the creator of an original work in a fixed tangible medium. (http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/copyright) A fixed tangible medium is something substantial like copying lyrics on paper or putting a song on tape or CD. Copyright can be seen every where in the music industry. Many music artist of our culture today have been involved in copyright issues. Recently, on MTV news it was stated that, "As the music industry becomes increasingly concerned about protecting the

In the defense of Professor Faden, I believe that his video is protected under fair use. The intentions of the video was to teach others about copyright, and because it was used for educational purposes, it is completely legal for Faden to have used the scenes from the Walt Disney Studio films. In the Title seventeen, Chapter one of the United States code, it states that the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes, is protected under the fair use doctrine.

Emily Toronto is the director of opera, and associate professor of music at South Dakota State University. She has received a Doctor of Musical Arts degree from Michigan University, and has performed in a multitude of different opera groups. The fact that she is a musician gives her a unique perspective on the topic of copyright. Stephen G. Wood is a law professor at Brigham Young University, and has served as a consultant to the US Department of Labor, and Administrative Conference for the United States. Toronto and Wood begin this publication by explaining why copyright is needed, then continue on to show examples of copyright reforms. They finish by informing music teachers what they can do to encourage copyright reform. This paper argues

According to US Legal, Inc. (1997-2016) History. The word, parole, originated from the French word “parole”, which means “word of honor”. It was a reference to prisoners of war promising not to take up arms in current conflict if released. How that concept came after the early release of convicted, often violent, offenders is less clear. The first official documented official use of early release from prison in the United States is credited to Samuel G. Howe in Boston (1847), but before that, other programs using pardons achieved basically the same outcome. In 1938, parole was a conditional pardon in many states. Alexander Maconochie of England ran the Norfolk Island prison. He made a system whereby inmates would be punished for the past and trained how to handle themselves in the future. He believed that inmates could be rehabilitated. He came up with an open-ended sentencing structure where inmates had to earn their release by passing through three stages, each stage increased their liberty and responsibilities. Inmates had an open time frame in which to earn the next level. Compliance advanced them; infractions resulted in a return to the previous stage, which lengthened their sentence. Indeterminate sentencing is a little more open ended and allowed the administration to ensure that when released, an offender’s behavior had been successfully reformed. However, Maconochie was removed from his position under criticism that his program “coddled” criminals. Many other from

Ironically, the first iteration of a copyright law was enacted in 16th-century England as a means of

A copyright gives the originator of literary, artistic, or music works the right to perform, publish, record, or print them. This can include sound recordings, paintings, photographs, films, melodies, television, radio broadcasts, cable programs, performances, and even codes to computer programs (Legal Information Institute). Since copyrights cover several different types of materials, the duration varies depending on what work is being protected. According to the Copyright Act of 1976, musical, artistic, and literary works created after January 1, 1978 have copyrights that last 70 years after the author has passed away, 95 years after publication, or 120 years from creation, whichever expires first (United States Copyright Office, 2011). However, the published editions of these works have copyrights that last 25 years after being first published. Broadcast and cable programs, on the other hand, have a copyright duration of 50 years after being created

Questions like these prompted the first copyright law. The Statute of Anne, created in 1710 under the rule of Queen Anne of Great Britain, was made to protect the creators

Copyright protection extends to expressions and not to ideas . Originality is the threshold standard of requirement of copyright. The case Walter v Lane [1900] AC 539 expounded the three essential elements (labour, skill and judgment ) of originality. The court adapted to sweat of brow test with no element of creativity require to make the work original. Copyright can be granted if a work is created through the effort of an individual despite the work containing statement of facts and no creative input by an author.

Copyright infringement is the unauthorized use of copyrighted material in a manner that violates one of the copyright owner's exclusive rights, such as the right to reproduce or perform the copyrighted work, or to make derivative works that build upon it.

India has one of the oldest academic traditions with formal education finding a place in its ancient history. The universities of Takshila and Nalandaare great centers of learning in the early world, teaming with students and teachers from all parts of the world, not to say about the great Gurukul tradition in the age-old past. However, those are the days when learning was considered as gift of God, freely received and freely given. Over the centuries, the learning approach gradually changed. Old traditions paved way for new ones. New economic models and institutional structures emerged. Concept of copyright in literary works found a place inIndia by the nineteenth century.