Stomach Sleeping Studies

This investigation examines is it possible for light pulses to alter the motor skills, and cardiac movements of biological life forms. Is it possible to change how biological lifeforms functions if we were to shine a light on them every hour at night? Knowing how most animals work, and from that of human experience I can say that light is what makes us stay awake; therefore if we have a light shined on us every hour would we lose sleep? These are the type of questions I will be answering throughout my extended essay. I will talk about how our sleep is affected by light, and monitor this so I can then record the data. I will also be discussing why we sleep. Which you may be wondering how this ties into light, however light does damage our skin

          In the Western world, SIDS is the most common cause of death for infants between two weeks and one year of age, but SIDS also occurs throughout the world. SIDS most commonly happens during sleep, although it can occur anywhere, such as in baby carriages, safety car seats, or

The Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome or CCHS is categorized as a parasomnia. Such sleep disorders are the symptoms of central nervous system activation that are generally "transmitted through skeletal muscle or autonomic nervous system channels" ("The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Revised: Diagnostic and Coding Manual" 19). CCHS is an uncommon syndrome that is mostly present from the time of birth. It is widely defined as the malfunctioning of automatic control of breathing. The affected individuals have missing or insignificant "ventilatory sensitivity to hypercapnia and hypoxaemia during sleep and wakefulness" (Chen, and Keens 182). This is the reason why patients with CCHS experience progressive hypercapnia and hypoxaemia during sleep (Chen, and Keens 182).

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is a condition that many people still are trying to figure out why it happens to these babies. This syndrome is described as an unexplained death of an infant younger than one year of age. SIDS is frightening because it can strike without warning and affect a good, healthy infant. Most SIDS deaths occur at night and without warning. SIDS victims may have been down for sleep for as little as ten minutes, they show signs of struggle or suffering. Although SIDS is commonly associated with an infants sleep time, and often occurs in the crib. This event is not limited to the crib and may occur anywhere the infant is sleeping, deaths have occurred in

Brain abnormalities. Some infants are born with problems that make them more likely to die of SIDS. In many of these babies, the portion of the brain that controls breathing and arousal from sleep doesn't work properly.

Causes: The condition can develop in people who have a problem with the brainstem, which is the part of the brain that controls breathing. Situations that can cause or lead to CSA include: issues that involve the brainstem, such as encephalitis (brain infection), stroke, or conditions of the neck, injury to the brainstem, obesity, neurological disorders (such as Parkinson’s disease), and certain medicines (for instance narcotic painkillers). “If the apnea is not associated with another disease, it is called idiopathic central sleep apnea” (Central Sleep Apnea, Sept. 2017).

The Mayo Clinic was a fantastic website that gave me information on the symptoms and causes, diagnosis and treatment, and lastly, doctors and departments. A summary that was given about sudden infant death syndrome, Mayo Clinic stated that it was an unexplained death that caused during sleeping. Overall, out of the textbook and the other website that I used, they all have the same way to define sudden infant death syndrome. But one thing that I found it interesting was that sudden infant death syndrome appeared to be associated with the defects of the portion of the infant’s brain which controls the breathing and arousal from sleep. The Mayo Clinic has suggested that they have partially concluded the risk of sudden infant death syndrome and also used some measure to protect an infant from getting the sudden infant death syndrome, which is placing the baby on his or her back to

Being the first-born baby, I was very independent. Sleeping until noon and being attached to my pacifier was a daily thing for me. Since I slept so much, my mom kept a constant watch on me. One day she noticed that I wasn’t breathing like I should, so she took me into the doctor. My mom was told that I had sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is where people take short pauses, while breathing can last seconds or even minutes. The doctor suggested that my mom do sleeping tests on me, which was easy for her because I slept all the time.

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is the most common type of Sudden Unexplainable Infant Death (SUID). It is a complex condition characterized by a set of predisposing factors coupled with biopsychosocial and environmental stressors. The incidence of SIDS is low during the first month of birth – however, associated risks peaks at two to four months, and is likely

The last major theory examined is that the infants that fall victim to SIDS have congenital defects in the brainstem. The brainstem controls breathing and heart rate functions in the body, so it would make sense that instability in this area would cause negative side effects, such as lung failure. Mr. Goldwater reviews this possibility in his article, stating that autopsies done to infants post-mortem indicate “possible, chronic low-grade hypoxemia, attributed to sleep-related hypoventilation.” In layman's terms, the infants received less than normal oxygen in the blood because their breaths were too few or too

SIDS is the main source of death in babies 1 to 12 months old. Incidental suffocation is about instruments that prompt coincidental suffocation includes: suffocation by delicate sheet material for instance, when a pad or waterbed bedding covers a newborn child's nose and mouth, overlay for instance, when someone else moves on top of or against the baby while resting, wedging or capture for instance, when a newborn child is wedged between two protests, for example, a sleeping cushion and divider, bed edge, or furniture and, strangulation for instance, is when a baby's head and neck is lodged between crib railings ("About SUID and SIDS,"2015). “A recent study also found a greater risk of SIDS among babies who were regularly placed on their backs to sleep, but were switched to the less-familiar stomach sleeping position” ("Research on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).,”1996-2015). Placing a baby on their back to begin with and then moving them to their stomach changes their breathing rate and level of easiness it is for them to breathe because their lungs are so small. In conclusion, infants should sleep alone to reduce the chance of SIDS occurring (Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome,

to determine if the nucleus of the hypoglossal nerve and the nucleus of the vagus nerve showed any abnormalities in SIDS patients. These structures were chosen because it is thought that some victims may have their airway blocked by their tongue during sleep (the hypoglossal is known to control tongue movements), or that possibly cardiac arrhythmia’s may be the cause of SIDS death (due to the vagus nerve) (Naeye). It was found that there were fewer neurons in the hypoglossal nerve nuclei of SIDS victims with abnormally small carotid bodies. This could in fact be an explanation for the obstruction of the airway by the tongue during obstructive apnea (Naeye). An explanation of why there were fewer neurons was not given.

Infants born from mothers that smoked are three times more likely to die from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), a condition in which babies who appears healthy die suddenly while sleeping, as are babies whose mothers do not smoke during pregnancy. This is also a point of contention between researchers as well. "Children born to mothers who smoked while pregnant, and possibly children whose grandmothers smoked while pregnant, have a higher risk of developing childhood asthma (Child)." Women who smoke during pregnancy are more likely to be born with birth defects such as cleft lip or palate and to have low birth weight.

Recognizing that the importance of being aware of what is considered hazardous in the infant’s sleeping environment has been increasing when it comes to SUIDs. The author conducted an experiment where they used 2005 to 2008 data from nine U.S. states so they could assess 3136 SUIDs. The results showed that most of the SUIDs happened when the infant were sleeping on an area that are not suitable for the infant, such as the caregiver’s bed. The author concluded that it is more important to take preventative actions before the cause of death is certainly determined. Scientists for decades have been trying to figure out the cause of SIDS, and there is significant evidence and research that expresses possible hazards that are in the immediate sleeping environment of the infant may contribute to both SIDS and SUIDs. The authors then does on and expresses that further research should focus on developing novel interventions that promotes changing behaviors and leading to safe sleeping environments for infants (Schnitzer et al,

The first and most researched sleep disorder is sleep apnea. Sleep apnea does not affect children as often as it effects adults, but it is still a rising concern. Sleep apnea occurs in about 2 per cent of children, mainly between the ages of one through eight. But it can also show up in older children and even infants. (Klein). Research says that young blacks are more at risk than young whites. (Fritz p 83). Children with sleep apnea briefly stop breathing many times during the night due to an obstruction in the respiratory tract. Most of the time it is related to enlarged tonsils and adenoids or to obesity. As the child will gasp for there breath during sleep, they awaken for a few moments to regain there normal breathing and then they immediately return back to sleep. Because the child will be awoken by this many times during the night, this cause sleep deprivation. (Common Sleep Problems AA). The physical symptoms of sleep apnea are excessive daytime sleepiness, snoring, restless sleep, heavy and irregular breathing, excessive perspiring during the night, bad dreams, sleeping with there mouth open, sleeps in strange positions, morning headaches, learning problems, excessive irritability, depression, changes in personality, difficulty