Substance Abuse Disorder (SUD): A Case Study

According to the Diagnostic Statistic Manual 5 (DSM-5) substance use disorder is when the individual has a dependency on alcohol or drug, followed by penetrating craving and antisocial behavior to acquire the substance. The terms substance abuse and substance dependence refer to substance use disorder, which has been separated into three classifications as follows

Substance use disorder is defined as being a pattern of maladaptive behaviors and reactions brought about by repeated use of a substance, sometimes also including tolerance for the substance and withdrawal reactions. (pg. 294). The individual I will be talking about for the project is someone that came to crave a particular substance and rely on it every day. Their choice to devote so much of their time to their substance caused issues between their family and friends. Both family and friends started to drift away from this individual. It was almost like all they literally cared about was making sure that they got their substance. Their choice of substance was alcohol. The individual had built up a tolerance where if there was a longer period of time where they would have to go without they would start to feel anxious and get sweaty, that was their withdrawal reactions exposed. A lot of people that have alcohol use disorder specifically start off by developing their drinking problem in there young college years. It is the prime time to be pressured by your peers to try and drink until you puke your cuts out. For other individuals they are so lucky and it actually can be seen as being disorder that is hereditary. For the specific individual that I am talking about for this paper he developed it because a majority of his dad’s side of the family had alcohol use disorder. This individual new the odds were against him, but still fell into the same steps his father’s side did.

The DSM–5 incorporates the two DSM–IV syndromes, alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence, into one disorder - alcohol use disorder (AUD). AUD has sub-classifications of minor, moderate, and severe. A person who meets one or more of the criteria for abuse within a 12-month period would receive the “abuse” diagnosis. Anyone with three or more of the “dependence” criteria (see items 5 through 11) during the same 12-month period would receive a “dependence” diagnosis ( American

According to the SAMHSA (2010) report on the national survey on drug use and health almost 22.5 million people are reported to be associated with substance abuse disorder (SAMHSA, 2010). This illness was found to be very common in all age groups, both sex, and seniors. There are several effects on these individuals and their families. Many people who suffer from substance abuse disorders fail to acknowledge these serious consequences. First of all, no response of pain relief can be seen with smaller doses of pain medications, as their bodies are used to high levels of various substances at the same time. Nurses become frustrated when they try to treat and help these patients with pain. Sometimes it is difficult to think about ethical principles when nurses have to deal with such patients with pain and suffering.

During the state of SUD it is question whether the individual suffering from such a disease should be held accountable for their actions. Another distinguishing factor between SUD and abuse is that SUD are not static entities but rather evolve over time (Doweiko, 2015). This evolution or rather stages are ranged from 0-4 which include total abstinence to middle to late stage addiction. SUD must also meet certain criteria’s in the DSM-5 manual. There are 4 general categories to determine if an individual suffers from SUD (Doweiko, 2015). The categories consist of impaired control over substance, multiple attempts to quit, activities center around getting substance, using, or recovering from using, and pharmacological effects of the drug. Manifestations, spiritual, vocational, primary disease, and potential to be fatal is also considered in the diagnosis criteria of SUD. Substance abuse on the other is used when individual uses a substance or compound for no medical reason or the substance is used in excess (Doweiko, 2015). Abuse has no physical dependency from the chemical, has no automatic physical

There are many assessment processes that are used to identify substance abuse as well as many other disorders that are addictive. These processes include the SBIRT, AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), NIDAMED, CAGE AID (which is used frequently within the counseling foundation), AUDIT-C, and also the DAST-10 which is an assessment process used to evaluate drug abuse within the patients. These are many different processes that are currently used to identify these addictions in clients. The activity of identifying these processes can be over a period of time or can be evaluated in that same day or after the evaluation is completed.

Individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) are difficult to treat due to the high prevalence of relapse, with an average of 50% relapsing within the first year (Bowen et al., 2014). Research has shown that current relapse prevention therapy is ineffective and other techniques are needed for effective treatment. To decrease the incidence of relapse, Bowen et al. (2014) set out to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) compared with standard relapse prevention (RP) and treatment as usual (TAU) in a randomized clinical trial during a 12-month follow-up period. Bowen et al. (2014) hypothesized that MBRP would significantly decrease the risk of relapse and participants would stay sober longer compared with RP and TAU. The study included 286 participants between the ages of 18 and 70, which were selected from a SUD treatment facility and randomly assigned to into the MBRP, RP, or TAU group. The MBRP group included eight weekly 2-hour group sessions with two therapists. The RP intervention, followed the same format, but instead utilized cognitive behavioral therapy. The TAU program was formatted around Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) 12-step program and included 1.5-hour groups 1 to 2 times per week. All participants were assessed at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after the interventions. The study found that MBRP and RP significantly lowered the risk of relapsing and decreased the days of substance use compared with the TAU.

Adolescent substance abuse is a phenomenon in our country that has been steadily inclining ever since the 2000’s. The effects of this incline are very straight forward and call for action. The facts are that alcohol and drugs are the leading causes of crime among youth and that alcohol and drugs are the leading factors in teenage suicide. (National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Inc., 2014) Because adolescence is such a crucial developmental age the effects of alcohol and drug use are catastrophic. To fully understand this phenomenon we must firs operationalize all of the factors we are trying to study. The DSM V classifies substance abuse as,

Integrating substance use disorder (SUD) and healthcare services is a major target in the era of healthcare reform.1 Care integration has gained momentum with the recognition that people with SUDs often have multiple physical health problems and are at greater risk for chronic diseases (e.g., congestive heart failure).1 One practice that has been cited as important in efforts to integrate care is Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT), an evidence-based model that can be used to identify and address risky substance use in healthcare and other clinical settings.2

There were more than 8.3 million children who lived with a parent or parents who actively abused or were dependent on an illegal drug or alcohol in 2008 (SAMSHA, 2009). Over the years comprehensive research has been accomplished and has determined that children raised by substance using parents are at an increased risk for developing substance use disorders (SUDs) in adulthood as a result of familial dissemination of substance abuse through both the environments in which the children are raised and genetic susceptibility (Merikangas et al., 1998; Merikangas & Avenevoli, 2000). However, there is an insignificant amount of literature examining the effects that the combined treatment and recovery of substance abusing parents has

Substance use disorder (SUD), substance abuse or substance dependency, caused by a recurrent use of alcohol and/or drugs which leads to clinically and functionally significant impairment in one’s occupation such as health problems, disability, and failure to meet major responsibilities at work, school, or home. SUD can occurs regardless of age, gender and ethnicity (DSM-IV, 2013).

The results of the article by Walter et al. (2009) supported the hypothesis, indicating that people with BPD have a higher rate of SUD as well as alcohol and drug dependency. The rate of new onset of alcohol use disorder and new onset of drug use disorder was 7% higher in the BPD group when compared to the OPD group. After 24 months of follow-up approximately half of the people who had BPD showed stable remission of diagnosis. In addition, at baseline, the people who were remitted with BPD had 57% higher frequency of drug use disorder and 42% higher alcohol use disorder. The rate of new onset of SUD was 11% higher in the non-remitted groups. The results support the hypothesis in which people with BPD have increased rates and severity of SUD when compared to the OPD group.

The client that I have chosen is a woman named Rhonda. Rhonda is a mother of two children, who is experiencing some difficulties in her life. Rhonda is a 32 year old woman who has a long-term history of depression and alcoholism. She has been suffering from depression ever since she was 13 years old. Rhonda also has been suffering from post-partum depression after the birth of her children.

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is classified as a Substance Use Disorder (SUD), to concentrate on one specific substance this paper will focus its attention on AUD. Even though people use a variety of substances to alter their mood, alcohol is typically the substance that can found without leaving the persons house. Therefore, most teenagers begin their experimentation of substances by using alcohol which their parents have in the home. Fuehrlein et al. (2016) reports, in a survey of 2,000 people with another mental health disorder were more likely to be comorbid for some form of an addiction disorder, 22.3% was specifically for alcohol use disorder. Although, not everyone who experiments with alcohol as a teenager develops a disorder

Substance use disorder (SUD) is a serious, worldwide problem. SUD has physical, psychological, social and economic consequences (Papastavrou, Farmakas, Karayiannis, & Kotrotsiou, 2011, p. 108). In addition to SUD, many patients are simultaneously diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder (Papastavrou et al., 2011). When SUD and a psychiatric disorder co-exist, it is referred to as a dual diagnosis or co-morbidity (Papastavrou et al., 2011). In the case of dual diagnoses, one disorder can worsen the other disorder, leading to an increase in relapse and decreasing the chance of successful rehabilitation (Papastavrou et al., 2011). A common dual diagnosis is that of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and SUD (Papastavrou et al., 2011). SUD is a term that refers to both abuse of and dependence on drugs