Dogma Trumped Science

This land bridge was over 600 miles wide was present for thousands of years and that there was life here as it had its own flora and fauna. While the Bering Land Bridge Theory does not directly challenge Traditional Native American history, the Beringia Standstill Theory does. This theory implies that the Native Americans ancestors were not originally from North America. The idea is that the Native American’s ancestors originally were from Northeast Siberia. The Siberian people lived there for tens of thousands of years before the ice age, but after the ice age took effect the Siberian people began to abandon the region some going south towards the mainland while others went north away from the mainland. The split occurred roughly 23,000 years ago and the Siberia people who went North away from the mainland settled on the Bering Land Bridge. Because this land bridge known as Beringia had flora and fauna the living conditions here were suitable for settlement and so these people did so for over 5,000 years. Approximately 18,000 years ago, the Bering land Bridge began to melt and is believed to have completely melted away about 12,000 years ago. With the end of the ice age near the inhabitants of Beringia were forced to migrate as massive flooding began

A. C. H., was discovered in the loft space above the office of the Keeper of Zoology—the office Hinton had occupied from 1936 to 1945. This was the first concrete evidence implicating Hinton in the Piltdown hoax (Gardiner, 2003). Contained in the trunk were x teeth similarly stained to the materials discovered at Piltdown I, while several other materials, such as elephant and hippopotami teeth and bone fragments, had been whitened similar in fashion to the ‘cricket bat’ found at the Piltdown II site; the cricket bat having been made form an elephant femur. Hinton had experimented with bone and tooth staining (De Groote et al., 2016) predominantly staining them with iron to match the gravels of a Pleistocene era (Gardiner, 2003)… Also among Hinton’s effects, were eight human teeth that had been stained with iron, chromium, and manganese (Gardiner & Currant, 1996), similar to those of the Piltdown site. When the fluorine dating method was implemented this further incriminated Hinton as the findings from the Piltdown I site evidenced “a recent ape jaw and canine had been artificially modified, stained and planted at Piltdown I, along with parts of a similarly stained recent human skull” (De Groote, 2016, p. 4). The method Hinton practiced (evidenced by the findings in his trunk) was unique to him—a signature—therefore, implicating him as the Piltdown

Between "15,000 and 60,000" years ago , before the glaciers of the last Ice Age melted, the land link known as the "Bering Strait" was the way many hunters and fishers made their way to the land mass known today as America. North America, being in the path between Western and Eastern Europe later became

According to the standard accepted theory, the Clovis people were the first inhabitants of the Americas. The Clovis people crossed the Beringia land bridge during the period of the last ice age, from there they spread across the Americas through an ice free-corridor. However, recent finding have suggested that the first people did not walk to America but came by boat. This paper will examine evidence found in Haida Gwaii and other sites along North and South America that supports a different view of human migration to the Americas, the coastal migration theory.

I have chosen the article, Does Science Threaten Religion? (p. 497) as my focus for this tutorial. I strongly believe the article uses the structural-functionalism approach as well as scientific sociology.

Anthropological theories concerning the peopling of North America is a topic that is widely debated. By far, Western scientists seem to agree that: “As a result of the vast amount of water that was locked up in glacial ice toward the end of the Pleistocene era, there was a worldwide drop in sea level of as much as 400 feet” (Sutton 19), creating a land link, known as the Beringia, between Asia and Alaska. Starting from this point about the land link, we find that Elias’s article “First Americans Lived on Bering Land Bridge for Thousands of Years,” is the most agreeable theory about the peopling of North America.

No one can lay claim to the past. The past belongs to everyone. Its remains are to be explored, analyzed, shared, and documented so as to remain available for future generations. By delving into its research, we are able to further understand those from whom we descended and more accurately place ourselves within the timeline of the Earth. We are able to better comprehend how we have evolved as a species every time we find new clues. While this information may be controversial to the few of the religious extreme, it is invaluable to the entirety of the human race. In the conflict of science and belief systems, preferential treatment should be given to advancement of scientific inquiry and of our pool of knowledge as this has benefits for all, and to make exceptions based on belief is unjust.

Indians arrived in America some 30,000 to 40,000 years ago. Archeological findings and Radiocarbon testing suggested that the prehistoric people who populated the Americas were hunters following the herds of wooly mammoths. They walked from Siberia across a land bridge into Alaska. They headed south toward warmer climates, slaughtering the mammoths as they went. As the glaciers melted, the oceans rose and covered this land bridge, creating the present-day Bering Strait and separating Alaska from Russia. By the time Christopher Columbus arrived, they were millions of what might be called First Americans or Amerindians occupying the two continents of Americas. The first noted documentation of the Beringia theory of the peopling of North America was by Jose de

For years, it had been widely accepted “that small bands of humans carrying a generalized Upper Paleolithic tool kit entered the Americas around 11,500 radiocarbon years before the present” (Waters 1122); and that “Archaeologists called these presumed pioneers the Clovis culture, after distinctive stone tools that were found at sites near Clovis, New Mexico, in the 1920s and 1930s” (Curry 13). However, the “peopling” of the Americas and their presumptive date of arrival is a topic of great debate within the field of Archeology; and the discovery of the Paisley Caves in south-central Oregon has thrown a wrench in the once widely accepted hypothesis that the “Clovis complex is considered to be the oldest unequivocal evidence of humans in the

In 1996 the Kennewick man skeleton was found that looks like a European man but has Native American features. Having the skeleton showed that it places back 9500 years ago, So the question was raised were Native American or Europeans had traveled to North America(Lauber). The Kennewick man founding had the world to understand how far the first Native Americas migrant too. (Schultz). Of this time were to believe that Native Americans were hunters, walking along with large mammoths with stone tools (Schultz). The Paleo Era wasn’t a lot of facts on what the true timing of them entering North American. As the Paleo-Indian started to build a lifestyle starting to adapt to the land. Many believed that this Era was around ice age gradually the ice begin to melt send everything into global warming stage. Native Americans had to adjust and keep moving around. With the

In this day in age, technology and a wide variety of innovations have given us a vivid peek at history, propelled us farther into our understanding of our evolutionary past, and enabled us fill in the gaps and blanks with approximate dates and explanation that are missing within history, such as, in this case, how humans managed to settle in America. By initially analyzing the DNA of the findings, the researchers have obtained and provided us with a better understanding of early human civilizations. Whether or not humans were stuck within the Beringia due the environmental blockade of glaciers, these findings could ultimately lead up to a thorough and concrete conclusion regarding early humans’ migration and expansion in the Americas. It would definitely not be a surprise if researchers discovered more ancient remains that hint the early settlement of humans in the Americas within the Beringia region that is currently below sea-level and uncovered more interesting possibilities regarding our evolutionary history in the near

Most theories of how the American continent was populated date back thousands of years and are brought up by evidence such as bone structure, genetics, skeletons, and weather patterns. Although some religions and tribes have opposing theories not based on cold hard facts but beliefs. To begin, the Clovis theory states that around 16,500 years ago modern humans migrated from Southern Siberia over the Bering Land Bridge that connected the American continent to the Asian continent. This theory is based off of genetic findings and past knowledge of weather patterns, earth’s movements, and the tectonic plate theory. To continue, the second theory is that African people

The common misconception in the scientific community is that there is only one way to get things into space- a combustion powered rocket. However, recently there have been talks and designs floating around about other methods to travel to space. Currently the technology and tools existing regarding space are seen as revolutionary and ahead of our time. However the possibility for even more advanced and efficient technology is within the grasp of humanity. We first launched a rocket to get to the moon in 1969, and since then the design for space rockets has varied slightly. The use of space shuttles was first introduced in 1981, and since then almost no changes have been made for space travel. In our world if you are not progressing, you are falling behind. We have been using dangerous and unreliable rockets for 47 years now. The recent explosion that occurred for the company SpaceX has highlighted our case and point. The current way to get into space is not only unreliable and dangerous, but it is also highly inefficient and expensive. The main focus in recent years is launching things into geostationary orbits, or orbits that stay in the same spot relative to the Earth. The cost to launch a rocket into a geostationary orbit is currently around 20,000 dollars per kilogram, which is an outrageous amount of money (http://www.extremetech.com/extreme/176625-60000-miles-up-geostationary-space-elevator-could-be-built-by-2035-says-new-study). Furthermore the rockets themselves are

What is the relationship between religion and science? In his book, Consilience, Edward O. Wilson aims to find a unified theory of knowledge. Consilence also seeks to show how science is superior to and can replace religion. In this paper, I intend to show how Wilson understands this relationship and science as well as how. as well as show John Stuart Mill would agree or disagree with Wilson.

To tell the difference between good science and pseudoscience, one must look at the basic characteristics of each. Pseudoscience, or “psychobabble”, hooks people on the basis of confirmation in popular beliefs. It utilizes the art of wording and creates a pretty veneer of scientific actuality, when in reality, the branches it entails like astronomy and psychics hold little water to prove their authenticity. They haven’t used their “abilities” to warn or prevent horrible disasters or solve crimes; they aren’t what they are worked up to be. On the other hand “good” or serious science is backed up with facts and experimentation, and often questions popular ideas. It helps further human knowledge on the world around them, and areas like psychology give researched evidence to demonstrate the validity of a topic.