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The Influence Of The March On Washington

Decent Essays

William P. Jones’s The March on Washington begins by highlighting A. Philip Randolph, a black labor unionist and civil rights advocate, who attempted to organize a March on Washington in 1941. Although Randolph’s original march failed to come to fruition, the novel depicts the proceedings as a prerequisite to the 1963 march. Depicting Randolph as a central figure to the March on Washington Movement, the novel tells the story of the events leading up to and through the March on Washington that took place on August 28, 1963. Although the majority of the focus of The March on Washington revolves around the actions of A. Philip Randolph and his mostly male peripheral contacts before the march, I argue that the capacity and framework of the foundations of the 1963 March on Washington were substantially influenced by the actions of prominent black female leaders. The March on Washington of 1941’s was a response to President Roosevelt’s inability to address the problems associated with discrimination and segregation in the labor sectors of federally funded defense industries and in every sector of the military (26, 27, and 30). A. Philip Randolph originally predicted that 10,00 people would attend the march, but as the march approached the numbers increased from 10,00 to 50,00 to 100,00 “Negro laborers, domestics, mechanics, professionals” would arrive at the Capital for the march (Jones, 37). Why did Randolph expect such an increase in numbers, and where did he think these people would come from? It is likely that Randolph’s confidence stemmed from the recognition that his movement was informally backed – due to pressure from Jeanetta Welch on Mary McLeod Bethune, the president of the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW)- by the NCNW (Jones, 34). As Randolph’s most prominent backer, the NCNW consisted of a network of women’s clubs and sororities, like Alpha Kappa Alpha (AKA), who sent “an avalanche of more than 3000 letters, telegrams and long distance telephone calls” to white house officials, whose entire membership exceeded 800,000 (Jones, 34). Without the support of NCNW Randolph wouldn’t have had the capacity needed to intimidate the nation’s president with the possibility of 100,000 mass marchers.

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