cities of San Francisco and Marin. Due to its location near the Pacific, the strait is known for its strong tidal forces; as well as gale-force winds and dense fogs. Because of these conditions, during the early twentieth century, ferries provided the only feasible form of transportation between the two cities. Following the end of World War I, San Francisco city engineer Michael O’Shaughnessy began challenging engineers to design and construct a bridge across the Golden Gate. Due the location’s geography
impossible by the PWA (Shaul 24). The Mackinac Bridge Authority was dissolved entirely in in 1947 in light of World War II, but was re-opened to discussion in 1951 with very different plans on financing the bridge (Brown 8-9). After multiple appeals to the state and federal governments for funding to construct the bridge, the Mackinac Bridge Authority (MBA) worked for the next two years to determine the economic costs of building the Mackinac Bridge. In 1952, they produced a figure of 76.3 million
within New York City. Central Park is the most visited urban park in the United States, with 40 million visitors in 2013!” Livi said, watching the birds flutter from tree to tree. “It is also one of the most filmed locations in the world.” Jojo smiled, watching as a film crew went by. D is for E is for the Empire State Building The Empire State Building is a 102-story skyscraper located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on Fifth Avenue between West 33rd and 34th Streets. F is for Fifth
Chapter 4 – Construction Contracts 1. Name and briefly describe each of the two basic types of competitively bid construction contracts. Which type would be most likely used for building the piers to support a large suspension bridge. Why? Two basic types of competitively bid construction contracts are lump-sum and the unit-price contract. The lump-sum contract is when the contractor agrees to complete all work for a pre-determined price including profit and the contract. The unit-price contract
Silver Bridge 4.1 Background The Point Pleasant Bridge or so called the Silver Bridge was designed by the J.E. Greiner Company and built by the Gallia County Ohio River Bridge Company to connect Point Pleasant, West Virginia to Gallipolis, Ohio. It was designed as a two-lane eye-bar suspension type bridge, measuring 2,235 feet in total length, including the approaches. The bridge was the first eye-bar suspension bridge of its type to be constructed in the United States. [26] Figure 4.1: The Bridge
and communicate with one another. Three men who made huge contributions in the world of infrastructure were Robert Moses, Richard Ravitch and Othmar Hermann Ammann. All three of these men were involved in designing numerous landmarks, highways, bridges, tunnels, and other forms of infrastructure that today we take for granted. Although all of these men were involved in infrastructure in the New York metropolitan area, their contributions, personalities, and the public’s opinion of them were all
The Physics of Bridges The design of the bridge superstructure is based on a set of loading conditions which the component or element must withstand. A bridge engineer must take into account a wide variety of loads which may vary based on the duration of the load (permanent or temporary), the direction of the load (vertical, longitudinal, etc.), and the effect of the load (shear, bending, torsion, etc.). In order to form a consistent basis for design, organizations like AASHTO, American
The story of Rosendale cement begins over 375 million years ago during the Ordovician, Silurian and Devonian periods. Layers of sedimentary rock- limestone, dolostone, sandstone, shale, and conglomerate- began to build up in a stratified sequence. During the Devonian period through the Permian, a series of tectonic collisions caused the rock sequence to fold and fault in a way that created brittle fractures. This made the mining of the rock used in natural cement –dolostone- very precarious to mine
1 1. For lower premolars, the purpose of inclining the handpiece lingually is to A. B. C. D. Avoid buccal pulp horn Avoid lingual pulp horn Remove unsupported enamel Conserve lingual dentine 2. For an amalgam Restoration of weakened cusp you should A. B. C. Reduce cusp by 2mm on a flat base for more resistance Reduce cusp by 2mm following the outline of the cusp Reduce 2mm for retention form 3. Before filling a class V abrasion cavity with GIC you should A. B. C. Clean with pumice, rubber cup
2011). BMW core values are quality, technology, performance and exclusivity. Therefore, research and development are their most important aspects to offer customers recognizable added value. BMW has spending a far greater percentage of profits on R&D than its competitors (Franzen, 2004). [pic] To achieve all these values, one of BMW’s key strategic corporative standard and behaviors is to builds up and maintains high skill expertise. For example, the launch of E Change LIFE project, in which managers