Syndesmotic Ankle Sprains: A Case Study

Common type of sprains would be in the ankle and in the wrist. The ankle is one of the most common injuries in professional and recreational sports and activities. Most ankle sprains happen when the foot abruptly turns inward or outward as an athlete runs, turns, falls, or lands after a jump. One or more of the lateral ligaments can be injured if this occurs. Wrists are often sprained after a fall in which the athlete lands on an outstretched hand.

It is very important to see your doctor if you experience problems with your ankle. He will determine if it is a sprain or something more severe.

A foot sprain is one of the most common injuries of athletes since they use their feet a lot. This occurs if there is a tear in the ligaments – tough bands of fibrous tissue which connects the bones to each other in a joint.

Unlike Phase 1, Phase 2 focuses on the effectiveness of the drug. Clinical trials for this phase usually have several hundred participants; largely, these participants have the illness that the drug is supposed to treat. The information collected in these clinical trials includes the safety of the drug, the side effects, and the potential hazards. The most effective dosage is usually found in this stage. Researchers also find the most suitable delivery methods, for example tablets, extended release capsules, infusions, or injections. Phase 3 is testing the results of earlier trials

Two major classification are utilized, the Denis Weber, AO and the Lauge Hansen. The Denis Weber classified fractures as to the location of the fibula and the components of the ankle that have been injured. In the Weber type A fracture, The fibula is avulsed distal to the syndesmotic ligaments, and the medial malleolus is fractured vertically. (19)

Patient is a 15-year-old male presenting after sustaining an inversion sprain to his right ankle while playing basketball yesterday. This occurred about 1:30 p.m. Patient indicates that he landed after jumping up for a rebound and came down on it sideways with an inversion injury. He did hear and feel a crack at that time. He was assisted off the court, sat down, then limped back to his residence. He noted increasing pain within the next hour. Pain is most prominent on the lateral aspect of the right ankle, although he also complained of anteromedial pain inferior to the medial malleolus, in addition to pain localized to the right arch and extending distally to the IP joint of the right great toe. He also complains of numbness in the toe. He does have prior history of recurrent ankle sprains. A lot due to

Kaminski TW, Hertel J, Amendola N, et al. National Athletic Trainers Association Position Statement: Conservative Management and Prevention of Ankle Sprains in Athletes. Journal of Athletic Training. 2013;48(4):528-545. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-48.4.02.

Ankle injuries are on the most common injuries that most athletes have to deal with throughout their playing career, some research has shown that an ankle sprain is seven times more like to occur than other injuries. With this being said a lot of coaches require their athletes to either tape or have a brace on the ankle to prevent the injury from occurring in the first place, however evidence has shown that the use of an ankle brace does not always prevent the injury from happening. So the question becomes does the brace impair the athlete to perform at their highest level. In this study they took ten healthy D-3 male athletes, and ten female athletes. They used video analysis to record the kinematics of the lower extremities during a countermovement

Nurse Louise Lynam, a nurse practitioner, published a scientific journal article that informed readers on the importance of foot and ankle sprains. She gave specific scenarios and explained the overall structure of the foot and ankle along with the ways to distinguish if there is an injury to that area.

On 09/08/2017, the claimant presented with a left ankle pain which has been present for 1 week. It was noted that the symptoms occurred on the left side. It was described as sharp and intermittent. The claimant sustained a left ankle injury on 08/28/2017 while running. The pain was relieved with braces and was not relieved by heat and ice. Her weight was 135 pounds and her BMI was 21.22. The left foot/ankle examination revealed tenderness to palpation over the medial malleolus. The x-ray of the left ankle revealed a non-displaced transverse fracture at the distal portion of the medial malleolus. She was diagnosed with a left ankle stress fracture medial malleolus. An outside DME bone stimulator and the use of a boot were recommended.

Lastly is the maintenance phase which focuses on avoiding relapses and diminishing the severity of episodes that may occur in the future. Everything that has been done in the first two stages will play a role in the maintenance phase.

Syndesmosis injuries involve the distal tibiofibular joint and can disrupt the normal stability of the ankle joint depending on their severity. This instability, if uncorrected, can lead to chronic instability and significant morbidity, ultimately leading to degenerative

Foot injuries are very common in athletics as well as in everyday life. It’s very debilitating to have a foot injury since we use our feet in all of our daily activities. Research published in "Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise” indicates that the average adult takes between 5,000 to 7,000 steps a day. Some sports require the most dedicated athletes spend multiple hours a day pounding their feet on the turf or pavement. Most injuries that occur in the foot require a person to try and stay off of it or completely immobilize it. Since this is very difficult for a person to do, a large percentage of foot injuries often have a very high chance of reoccurring. The severity of some injuries that can be deceiving as well. Often times a nagging pain is ignored and eventually becomes a much bigger problem.

A twenty-one year old female, basketball player experienced an ankle sprain by accidentally stepping on another player’s foot. The player was going up to make a shot landed on the opponents foot when she came back down, which made her ankle invert. The head athletic trainer evaluated her then taped her ankle to provide support and keep the swelling to a minimum at that time, so the player could return to play. Immediately after the game, the player’s ankle was iced down to control the swelling and was receiving NSAID’s to help with the pain or discomfort she was feeling. The player was referred to the team physician for x-rays and MRI to help rule out fractures. Treatment was started to help relieving the swelling and pain.

The main goal in Phase I is to find out if the investigational new drug is safe. In this first phase of human testing, testing determines the correct dosing and exposes the most common side effects. If the investigational new drug is found to be safe, Phase II of human testing can begin. The main goal of Phase II is to find out if the investigational new drug is effective. Unlike in Phase I, the patients tested in Phase II are not healthy. In this phase, testing determines whether the drug works on patients it was designed to help. Results are obtained by comparing the group of test patients to other groups taking a different drug or taking a placebo.