The And Body Mass Index Of Early Adulthood And Risk Of Schizophrenia / Research

Given these facts, this research paper will address this question. I will examine the effects of schizophrenia upon adults in the US. I have presented an overview of schizophrenia, the discovery of the illness. I will explain how genetics intertwined with schizophrenia. To fully explore the topic this paper will discuss the following questions.

Since the social causation hypothesis is more narrow and only accounts for the assumption that schizophrenia results from stress (one hypothesis for the development of schizophrenia), the downward drift hypothesis seems to better explain the disproportionate numbers of schizophrenics in the lower socioeconomic classes. Moreover, a number of estimations have claimed that between one-third and two-thirds of homeless individuals have schizophrenia (1).

(2016) ran into trouble due to issues of skewness. Thus, the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid had to be transformed using a natural log. This was done so that researchers could approximate a Gaussian distribution. By doing so they found a main effect for diagnosis and an increase in volume for patients suffering from schizophrenia. A significant interaction between diagnosis and violence was also found. NVS and VS patients had an increase in volume compared to HC and there was an increase volume in comparison between NVS to NPV. When it came to the role of negative symptoms and medication, it was only limited to patients who suffered with schizophrenia. This data was used to investigate the possible role of several factors including illness duration on gray matter volume loss. No group difference was found. Researchers also found no correlation between CPZ equivalent and WBV, ventricular cerebral spinal fluid, left amygdala, left hippocampus, left thalamus, right amygdala, right hippocampus, or right thalamus volumes. Schizophrenic groups were found to differ in age, academic achievement, substance use and negative

Along with incorrect assumptions of schizophrenia’s complications and a schizophrenic’s behavior, those who are at risk are frequently underestimated. Though an illness not typically associated with a variety of people, schizophrenia occurs in all ethnicities, age groups and genders (www.nimh.nih.gov). Instead of solely victimizing men well into their adulthood, symptoms of schizophrenia can be found in children as young as five, though rarely. Adolescents are able to develop symptoms as well, often very subtly and undetectably, manifesting in inconspicuous issues like a drop in grades or irritability (Hollis, apt.rcpsych.org). Frequently budding

Schizophrenia is quite possible the most dreaded psychological disorder there is. It is also one of the most heavily researched (Myers, 477). Unfortunately there is no certain cause of this disease. Researched show that genetic predisposition enhances the probability of schizophrenia. A child who has a biological parent that has been diagnosed with schizophrenia has approximately a one in eight chance of developing this dreaded disorder (Berger, 407). In a study this is evaultion

In a study completed by Bauer, C. C. C., Moreno, B., González-Santos, L., Concha, L., Barquera, S. and Barrios, F. A. (2014) examined the association between overweight and obesity, brain structure and a pediatric neuropsychological assessment in thirty-three Mexican children between the ages of 6 and 8. The children were separated into a normal weight (18 children) and overweight (15 children) groups. Children were comparable in socioeconomic status measured with a variety of CAPSES

The human psyche is one of the most complicated things that exist, psychologists are still nowhere near understanding the complexity of the mind and the disorders that come with the uniqueness of the individual. Schizophrenia is one such disorder that begins to manifest in early adult hood. The disease is characterized by a disconnect from reality, which includes symptoms of hallucinatory affect. This leads to individuals being unable to adapt and cope with their environment which has socioeconomic effects on the individual such as homelessness. Suicide is also more prominent among the schizophrenic population with a rate of almost 5%. The mechanism behind it are just beginning to be unveiled through modern science which gives hope to individuals currently afflicted with this disorder.

Biological theorists believe that individuals may have a genetic predisposition for the schizophrenia if a close family member has been diagnosed with the disorder. Stress during adolescent years seems to provoke the disorder among individuals who have a family history of the disorder. In addition, this theory suggests biochemical abnormalities related to the dopamine neurotransmitters may also contribute to the illness as the brains neurotransmission of the dopamine is too frequent in occurrence (Comer, 2005). CAT and MRI scans have also indicated that abnormal brain structuring may also play a role in the development of schizophrenia due to a common occurrence of enlarged ventricles within schizophrenia sufferers (Comer, 2005). Various parts of the brain may not develop for function properly which seems lead to Type II schizophrenia. Studies have also pointed towards the idea that exposure to certain viruses before birth may lead to the eventual development of schizophrenia (Comer, 2005).

An analysis of the validity, reliability, practicalities and ethical issues will be covered when referring to the diagnostic classification systems and lastly the demographics and statistics surrounding schizophrenia with reference to age, gender and ethnicity will be thoroughly examined

Werner, Sherli. “Socioeconomic Status at Birth Is Associated With Risk of Schizophrenia: Population-Based Multilevel Study” academic.oup. Academic.oup.com, 18 Apr. Web. https://academic.oup.com/schizophreniabulletin/article/33/6/1373/1900698/Socioeconomic-Status-at-Birth-Is-Associated-With. Accessed 20 Apr.

The prognosis of schizophrenia is varied at the individual level. In general it has great human and economics costs. It results in a decreased life expectancy of 12–15 years primarily due to its association with obesity, little exercise, and smoking, while an increased rate of suicide plays a lesser

Approximately 1 percent of the world’s population is affected by schizophrenia. This illness does not discriminate. The symptoms usually start between ages 16 and 30. Once an individual reaches the age of 45, it is rare that schizophrenia manifests. Schizophrenia seldom occurs in children; however, awareness of childhood-onset schizophrenia is increasing (The National Institute of Mental Health, 2009). The symptoms tend to effect men more severely than women and those who suffer from schizophrenia are known to have a higher risk of substance abuse and suicide rates. Approximately 10 percent of the schizophrenia communities commit suicide. The most common addiction shared by these individual is (The National Institute of Mental Health, 2009).

Even with all the criteria for Schizophrenia that I described above, still there is no apparent reason as to what the risk factor of Schizophrenia is. Which lead to my research to indentify certain certain Risk factors associated with with Schizophrenia. During my research, I was able to discover many risks factors, but I chose to only discuss the few that are very common through most

Schizophrenia is the most severe of the mental disorders which disables the person and has worldwide accepted prevalence of about 1% in the population. WHO (2009) reports also depicts that it may affect about 1.0% of the general population in any given country. Schizophrenia, from the public health perspective, is a major concern as the onset of the illness occurs early in age (15-35 years of age) (WHO, 2009). It usually starts in adulthood with likelihood that a person disables for a lifetime. Schizophrenia is found in all countries, cultures, and socioeconomic classes; in both sexes equally with typical age of onset appears to be younger in males (about 21 years of age) than females (about 27 years) (Oxford Textbook of Psychopathology, 1999).

Procedure: To identify all relevant primary studies, computerized PubMed searches for an inclusive list of descriptors were performed and searched the reference lists of prior reviews of schizophrenia to identify any reports not retrieved in the PubMed search. 14 published