The Canadian Labor Market Exits A Glass Ceiling

Is Canada really open for ALL immigrants? In this essay it is going to talk about if Canada is open to all in the 1945-2015. In Canada, immigration policy was into effect and stayed unchanged until 1962, when Canada's universal and policy not making an unfair distinction between different categories of people. In the later years in Canada, we have made our country’s immigration policy free to everyone. In 2006, Canada made a policy that if you score 67 points or higher (out of 100), that you may qualify to immigrate to Canada as a federal skilled worker.

Ottawa views foreign workers as essentials in fighting the labour shortage that was brought on by retiring baby boomers and the growing skills gap. There are over one million positions by 2021 that are predicted to be unfilled in Canada. Ottawa has agreed to adapt to the “expression of interest” immigration model. This lines up future immigrants in Canada with companies

Roberts claims that the different parts of a person’s identity, such as their work roles, background, hobbies, etc., are integrated in enriching ways. Immigrants in Canada can attest to this. Canada is a diverse country with a lot of immigrants coming in from different countries with different background and culture. Despite of this, immigrants contribute to the workforce in Canada and they can apply what they know, even though they are from different countries, to their work. The shortage of skilled workers in Canada is filled in by immigrants and their different opinions and views help business people make important decisions. The different characteristics and own experiences of people can help shape the work they do and having

On the 15th of January 2015, an interview was conducted with Larry Cole, who is the education and research officer in office of the fairness commissioner. This office was created to provide services to those whose credentials are not recognized in Ontario. Larry was interviewed to get an insight of how office of the fairness commissioner response and address issues related to the non-recognition of foreign credentials in Toronto. Non recognition of foreign credentials is a social issue that is generally believed to be affecting many immigrants in Canada and is considered a cause of poverty. In my previous paper, I discussed that non recognition of foreign credential is one of the causes of poverty amongst women of color in Toronto. I am going to examine the response of this issue by office of the fairness commissioner and the impact it has on the community.

foreign education. Often, when immigrants come to Canada, their degrees and qualifications are not recognized here in Canada because they were earned in other countries and also the language barriers does pose an obstacle to employment for immigrant and visible minority women. Around 16 per cent of immigrants, particularly refugees, come to Canada without knowledge of either official languages French and English (Saraswati, 2000).

Throughout many years, people from various countries throughout the world have immigrated to other countries for their own life necessities. Some countries provide a minimize of the things people need, so they come to the conclusion that finding another home with better options might be better for their lives. The United States having the most immigrants with 44 million, and Ukraine having the most emigrants with 6.6 million for different reasons. Many people go through tough phases during their existence in their own countries, wanting to live a better life with, and for their family members. The number of immigrants that come to Canada in a year is 250 000. But why is it that people immigrant to Canada? Canada provides 3 major

Immigrants today now have the privilege of entering and residing in Canada but along with this privilege, there are also barriers that impede their integration and deprive them of equal opportunity in the society. The undervaluing of foreign education and credentials has emerged over the years as a huge obstacle faced by recent immigrants who seek employment in the areas that they have been trained, and worked in for decades in their respective home countries. For years, newcomers in Canada have been denied inclusion into the Canadian labour market simply because of policies that were

Employee skills and the ability of employers to attract and retain skilled workers will be a primary concern to Canada’s economy in the immediate future. A train overflowing with crisis is approaching, and we need to stop listening for it to come because it’s already bearing down on us. Labour and skill shortages in Canada can be attributed to: aging population, increased life expectancy, migration of highly skilled labour, and the disparity between the skills possessed by youth and the skills demanded by employers.

Considering the core working group of women category (25-54 years) The employment rate of recent immigrants whereas Canadian women in the same women was 57.1% compare to 69.7% of the same age group of women in total immigrant population. Whereas Canadian women in the same group would most likely to be employed with an employment rate of 79.2%. The unemployment rate for the core working group was 8.8% compare to 5.2% of native born women of same age (Women in Canada: A gender based statistical report: Tamara Hudon October 21st 2015).A statistical report of 1995 reveal that the presence of Immigrant women in construction, product fabrication or primary processing occupations are 16% compare to Canadian born women and there by 9increasing the risk of occupational safety factors. Occupational health and safety factors are also explicit concern for immigrant women working outdoors.(vis and jce,weinfield Dupree,Abdool

The pooled OLS regression estimates by six different specifications are reported in Table 2. Under the unconditional immigrant wage differential (only immigrant dummy variable is included), immigrants earn 10 percent less than the Canadian natives. After adding the characteristics about gender, immigration years, work experience, education, language skill, family factors, industry, occupation and provinces in column (2), I find that the wage differential widens to 50.8 percent lead to an increase of 40.8 percent when controlling other characteristics. These considerable changes arise mainly from the inclusion of variables that affect the wage gap between immigrants and natives. For example, immigrants accumulating more years since migration and more work experience, the wage gap will decrease

Education along with work experience are vital resources that immigrants convey to Canada’s industry. However, this is not the scenario for many new immigrants, who struggles to get past the preliminary credentials check-up process. In 2007, a report showed that “foreign credentials of 340,000 Canadians or permanent residents of visible minorities have not been recognized” (Andrew Cardozo and Ravi Pendakur, 2007). In addition, a number of unemployed immigrants within that year accounted for the loss of $4.1B in Canada industry. In context, it shows that immigrants have a higher education than Canadian-born, “Statistics show that 47.5% of immigrants, aged 25 to 34, have completed university, compared to 26.6% of Canadian-born, workers” (Canadian government). This shows the proximity of ignorance and prejudice towards hiring an immigrant in Canada. To connect, these contempt results can give rise to many levels of distress, anxiety and psychological problems that can deteriorate and provoke health problems. A study done by Kate Strully at Harvard University concluded that “people had an increase of 81% chance to develop a mental illness after being unemployed” (KW STRULLY -

This article provides detailed information that give statistics based on distinguishing immigrant classes: “Tables 2 (for males) and 3 (for females) present descriptive statistics by broad immigrant class across the three cycles of the survey. … For both genders, it is clear that skilled worker principal applicants have higher educational attainment, and it is also apparent that males have higher averages than females”. This article is distinct from the other two articles by the fact that many more statistics are offered. These extra statistics offer more insight into the descriptions of the economical immigrant policies. Moreover, the article offers an insight into a range of policy proposals in determining how immigrants can immigrate into Canada. The articles introduction mentions important policies that the Canadian government put into place: Recent examples include the Ontario Expert Roundtable on Immigration (2012) and the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada. The paper presents a basic description of differences in labour market outcomes, including both earnings and employments. This is an important statement as it informs the reader about the various types of concepts, along with their sources, that have

The study states that the second generation immigrants are an essential part of the Canadian society, however they have not been studied enough. Immigration was resurging and thus it is critical that the impact of the second generation immigrants be studied at length. Many studies have been done regarding the economic impact that second generation immigrants have on Canada, however their educational attainment has been ignored. In general, it can be stated that second generation immigrants fare much better in terms of education attainment than native of Canada, this difference can be partly explained by the second generation’s mother tongue, however there is still a humongous difference that can be clearly seen. By the age of 13, it has been observed that immigrant children are at the same educational level or higher than those that are Canadian natives. This can be explained by immigrant parents’ higher expectations when it comes to their children’s education and their perspective when it comes to education. The data that was collected is from Statistics Canada and it looks at second generation immigrants from ages 25-65, and the data encompassed about 11,983 males. Second generation immigrants have a lower high school drop out rate, than natives and tend to go to post secondary institutions, such as colleges and universities, rather than going straight to work, without a degree. This study shows that the Canadian immigration system has been able to favorably select immigrants whose children fare the same or much better than their native Canadian counterparts. The study concludes that second generation immigrants are able to keep up with the native Canadians, by the age of 13 and tend to do even better than these Canadians. This can be explained by the second generation immigrants’ willingness to work hard in order to succeed

It is known that Canada will be faced with a labour shortage by 2030 and there are quite a few reasons behind this issue. The aging of the baby-boom generation is limiting the labour force growth and to make things worse, there are low fertility rates. Lower birth rates and the aging population indicate that there will be an issue filling these labour gaps. The baby boomers are retiring and there are not enough youth to take over their positions in the labour force. Due to the retiring of these workers, careers such as air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors will face this shortage. These labour shortages will continue to become more severe as the number of retirees grow and the number of youth decline. Another contributing

Many have experienced downward occupation mobility, such as lawyers transitioning to a paralegal occupation or physicians to nurses (71). This disparity is less pronounced among refugees holding work experiences in lower positions. For example, 59% of those who worked in clerical, sales, services, and technical occupations at home were able to find similar occupations (68). Another trend identified by the study is how holding secondary and post-secondary degrees has much lower correlation to professional or managerial occupation here in Canada compared to those of the refugees’ home countries, likely related to credential recognition issues, which will be discussed later. Overall, 58% of the interviewed refugees felt that they are overqualified for the jobs