According to Paul & Elder (2012) the eight elements of reasoning and their definitions are as follows:
1. Whenever we think, we think for a purpose - Each thought that we have is because there is a purpose whether it is a good or bad. To think with purpose is to think with an end goal in sight.
2. Within a point of view - Thinking from a particular point of view is thinking from a specific angle that we may not be consciously aware of and we need to become mindful of the perspective from which we think to make unbiased decisions. Our points of view can be political, religious, etc. All of these things can affect our thoughts on a subconscious level because they are so deeply rooted in us from birth.
3. Based on assumptions- Basing our reasoning on assumptions is taking for granted our thoughts on what is true to come to a conclusion about an issue. Many times what we think is the truth is not, however, more often than not we will move on in our reasoning believing that we are correct and whatever we see as truth is the accurate assumption.
4. Leading to implications and consequences- When we plan on following what we have said. For a simple example, we may tell our children that if they behave during the day at school, we will take them for ice cream in the evening. If we tell someone that we are going to do something, it is essential to follow through. If we continuously disappoint by not following through on promises, then we lose integrity
5. We use data, facts,
We make assumptions because we need explanations (to our questions) to address what’s going on in our own minds. The mind is a powerful thing and our minds have different voices and personality that can create a lot of confusion. When I make assumptions there is always conflict that follows. I know now that through communication we can arrive to resolution. This agreement rings true for me and has caused disappointment and sadness in my life to be at a point in my life that I can ask for what I want.
Point of View is the perspective in which the story is narrated - which includes first, second, and third person. In The Outsiders, Ponyboy tells the plot from his perspective (first person), giving readers a direct approach to his thoughts and version of what happened within the past week. Through this way
Point of view is the narrator’s position in the story being told. Point of view changes the story drastically, since you are hearing different stories and opinions by different characters in a story. Even if the plot is the same, the point of view will change the entire story. Point of view can also create tension between different characters. For example, if you are hearing the thoughts of one character in the story, and the actions of another character who is aware of these rude thoughts, the reader knows that the two characters tension between each other will eventually rise up to a certain point that a problem will occur. Point of view creates a lot of tension in the two books, Confetti Girl and Tortilla Sun, between the narrator and their parent. Both books
A point of view is a position in which the story is being told, but did you know that there is two point of views in The Three Little Pigs and The True Story of the Three Little pigs? The two stories have views changed by how the author tells them. In the story of the pigs it’s in third person, but in the wolf’s view he just wants sugar and see’s them as a snack so it’s first person. The story of “The Three Little Pigs” and “The True story of the Three Little pigs” have different point of views that help the readers understanding of the wolf.
Laura stated, “integrity effects you by either being honest or not. If you are honest, then you have integrity. People who say that they are going to do something do it.” You can now see that character, morals, and integrity are very important.
A person of integrity does exactly what he says and says exactly what he means. There is no conflict between his thoughts and actions. His actions are consistent with the values he professes. According to Dr. William Manninger, A building without integrity may receive structural damage, or even collapse, in a storm. Similarly, people without integrity are blown about by the winds of misfortune and destroyed by catastrophes, for they lack the firmness, solidity, and strength of character to weather any storm. This means that integrity is one of the six essential qualities that are the key to success.
The word “ integrity” seems to float around me, its very existence locked in my mind. The word integrity will never be forgotten, never be lost, but the meaning behind the word integrity has yet to be discovered. Oprah Winfrey once said “Real integrity is doing the right thing, knowing that nobody's going to know whether you did it or not. ” Integrity is something I believe in and value greatly. To me integrity is doing the right thing even when no one else is watching. Most people always look for an easy choice, but it's not about the easy choice it's about the right choice.
Point of view is something that many people argue as relativistic and subjective. To explain; it is the external circumstances and events that give reality shape or form which is dependent upon a single person. How does this relate to seeing? As I have mentioned before in a earlier paper we are all victims of our own biases and filters created through our outside means. As it becomes internalized and reflected back out towards the world which creates the binocular view as we have discussed in class lectures. The real question at this point becomes how these extensions of reality become a collective view-point? As an example at what point do we decide what blue is, what it is associations?
Change your behavior to match your commitment. Do not lower your values to match your behavior.
Integrity creates a standard for performance and sets a precedent for doing things the right way. Even if a leader possesses supreme confidence and an outstanding vision, their goals will inevitably fall to pieces without integrity at the forefront of their leadership. People can be successful taking short-cuts by being dishonest and taking advantage of others up to a certain point. If leaders do not put a strong emphasis on integrity and creating a standard for how things are to be done, one of their followers will eventually begin taking short-cuts, and leaders will begin to see their goals fall apart as lack of integrity spreads like a wildfire. For this reason, integrity must be firmly built into and established by all
Every person has a different point of view. Point of view is how someone observes someone or something. It is important to be able to see a situation from someone else’s point of view because everyone observes things differently.
decisions, and resulting consequences. Some of those consequences can be loss of pay, loss of rank, or loss of job. When you say you are going to get something done you are accountable of getting it done no matter what because you gave your word that you were going to get it done. Whenever you don’t keep your word it makes everyone think you are not reliable. Then none of your peers will come to you for help because you will not be able to complete the task.
Integrity is the honesty and truthfulness or accuracy of one’s actions. Integrity regards internal consistency as a virtue. One may judge that others “have integrity” to the extent that they act according to the values, beliefs and principles they clam to hold. As Williams explains, the principal of utility undermines personal
* Psychological Perspectives: general points of view used for explaining people’s behavior and thinking, whether normal or abnormal.
against blind faith in old authority, be it religious doctrine or the natural philosophy of