Throughout the twentieth century, and continuing today, the process of globalisation has dramatically changed the context in which nation-states operate and, in turn, the central governments’ ability to govern in a truly democratic manner. With this in mind, this essay will address the question of whether the federal principle of governance is applicable to all or only certain states. It will argue that as the forces of globalisation continue to operate, the federal principle will gradually become the most attractive option for all democratic states as they contend with its consequences. These include the growth of ethnic diversification, the rise of ‘personality politics’, the centralization of power in the face of ‘asymmetric warfare’ …show more content…
Perhaps the most sociably notable aspect of the globalised world is the increasingly diversified ethnic makeup of nation-states. Whereas in the past states were typically centred around one majority ethnicity, today’s world instead requires us to address the needs of many different cultures within a single country, a challenge best addressed by the federal principle. As the ability for international travel has increased in the last half century, the attractiveness of higher wages and a better standard of living has drawn many away from their nations of birth , a process aided by the need for labour in many of the wealthier, particularly western, nations. This has created large minority populations, who are also often centralized to specific locations, which, due to the continuing dominance of the majority ethnic group in national government, remain poorly represented. This is an issue addressed by the federal principle as the decentralization of power allows for greater participation by minority groups and, in areas where they form the majority, for them to hold far more autonomy than is possible in other systems.
In modern politics, especially that of the United States, the rise of ‘personality politics’ has seen a decline in the experience of national leaders at the state level resulting in leaders less
In addition, as to the criticisms, albeit some of them are consistent and right, they don't experience the pessimistic experienced by the Central States, and is nothing contrasted and the constructive example gave by the federal government, particularly for various nations, societies and people groups. Another point of preference is that Federalism offers representation to diverse populaces. Nationals of different areas may have diverse yearnings, ethnicity and take after distinctive societies. The focal government can at times ignore these distinctions and receive policies which take into account the greater part. This is the place the local government ventures in. Privileges of the minorities are ensured as well. We can abridge the benefits of federal frameworks in the fact that it serves to prompt the spread of security and inside peace, create regular values, urge or prompt vote based pluralism, ensure and prompt a balance between the distinctions, the washouts are swinging to the victors at the area's level lastly, it get the government closer to the general
In his book A Chance in the World Steve Pemberton tells us about growing up in the Massachusetts foster care system. Steve was removed from his mother 's care as a toddler and went from the life of an abused and neglected foster child with no self identity, to a successful, professional man with a family of his own. Steve breaks his story into three parts.
The debate over federalism is still present, and will endure. Parts of todays’ version of cooperative federalism will surely be replaced by another theory of intergovernmental relations. In addition, the balance of power between the national and the state governments will continue to be settled by political means, and not by theory. The relationships of the federal system, political ideology, and freedom, is no longer as simple as it appeared; recently as 50 years ago.
relevance of federalism both from an increasingly globalised national perspective and within a nation of small population and relative cultural homogeny; and
Now that the topic of federalism has been covered in the shortest possible manner, I would like to shift focus to the final topic of this paper – political
With nation-state is on the down trod, the process of globalization has further rendered the realist perceptions as anachronistic, diminishing the capacity of policy making autonomy of state. Since states are not been able to function within its own capacity because they are having compulsory interdependence between each other, its self-decision making is greatly affected, inevitably compromising all social, political and economic regulations. Also the massive proliferation of people (refugees) across different borders, undermines security balance and renders it sometimes ineffective, stating the terrorism attack on Germany Dec 2016 as a reminder of the catastrophe that a de-territorialized state can encounter..
Firstly, this essay will investigate the idea of ‘nationalism’ and the ‘nation-state’. Coming into effect during modernity, nationalism is, at its core, a form of macro level societal management that regulates people into particular groups (Ritzer ed. 2005). These groups are able to construct a united and exceptionally powerful collective identity which is linked to a much larger and seemingly ‘fixed’ force, the nation. Thus, the nation perpetuates a deep-seated sense of ‘commonality’ among citizens in society, but it also separates people by creating illusionary distinctions and differences to other nations (Ritzer ed. 2005). These distinctions have become ‘naturalised’ within social life and often manifest (sometimes subtly) through every-day symbols, objects, narratives, institutions and activities (flags, sporting events, money and banks) (Wade 2011).
A component of choice is extended to voters whereby the options of voting for separate parties at the national and local levels and relocating across state and territory border lines to be under a preferred policy are always available. Furthermore, the nature of federalism promotes the democratically-inclined protection of the individual through the balance and separation of power. Federalism actively circumvents concentration of power in one governing body through both vertical and horizontal separation of power due to ‘the inherent tendency of power to corrupt,’ thus awarding citizens this
Global Politics The study of international or rather global politics, seeks to provide an account of politics in the broadest domain. The domain of international politics in the twenty-first century is characterised by the increasing number of actors pursuing common and personal interests. It is largely due to the globalised, interdependent nature of the current international political environment that the concepts of sovereignty and power deserve further evaluation.
As a result globalisation has also undone some important cultural and psychological underpinnings of sovereignty. However, it is imperative to note that the effect of globalisation on different nation states will not be the same, because states differ domestically, historically, politically and socio-culturally. Therefore, states will make different policy choices in response to the same global phenomena (Held 1989, 237).
Introducing Chapter 4, the author explains how federalism is a fundamental part of U.S government and how it gives equal power to both national and state governments. “History indicates clearly that the principal factor in the formation of federal systems of government has been a common external threat.” The authors’ quote informs the reader that people have always been weary of a strong, national government and that there is always a constant
Aspects of Globalisation The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) defined globalisation as, 'The geographical dispersion of industrial and service activities (for example, research and development, sourcing of inputs, production and distribution and the cross border networking of companies (for example through joint ventures and the sharing of assets) Economic activity is becoming organised on a global scale giving a new international division of labour, with production, investment patterns and movements and technology transfers all becoming global. In this strategy, activities are established in many sites spread over the world, based on a country's comparative
Globalization is commonly examined by simply dissecting its political and economic consequences. As a result, the effects on culture are often overlooked. According to U.S. Census projections, by 2043 non-Hispanic whites will become a minority consisting of 47 percent of the U.S. population (Barreto, et al 1). Examining the world as a whole, a 2015 study by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division found that between 1950-2000, an average of 2.8 million people per year migrated to North America and Europe. From 2000-2015, that rate accelerated to 4.1 million per year. What is more, this study projects that from 2015-2050, 91 million people are expected to migrate to high-income countries and produce an 82 percent increase in population in destination countries. Clearly, the prospect of steady migration and the continuing effects of globalization are expected to produce more multicultural societies. Unfortunately for many, “foreign” has become synonymous with danger (Rothkopf). The debate between cultural unity and cultural plurality dates back to the Greeks where they questioned universal human goodness and the differences between societies. More than two millennia later, the issue of a common versus diverse human culture remains contentious. This paper argues that a diverse human culture is more desirable than a universal culture because states and societies benefit from promoting and protecting diversity.
Globalization is a major issue in our world today. But it can be seen through many different perspectives, some see it as a negative thing, but some people also see the positives within it and some people have mixed views. Globalization is the spreading of different views, this can political views, social views, and economic views being spread throughout the world where it once wasn’t present. Globalization shapes the way people live and what they do on a day to day basis, or what’s going on around them like technological advancement. Globalization affects everyone, what we do, what we eat all shapes our individual and collective identities.
Agreements on International Public Policy have never been as abundant as in the last century. In the meantime, Globalisation has become a major phenomenon around the world, at various levels. So, it will be interesting to know if globalisation makes agreements on International Public Policy easier or harder.