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The Death Of Ivan Ilyich

Decent Essays

The elegant image of a bourgeois society with its emphasis on wealth and property, is only a mirage. Underneath it all is a different world of oppression—specifically, for women in the bourgeois class. In Henrik Ibsen’s play Hedda Gabler and Leo Tolstoy’s novella The Death of Ivan Ilyich, both works depict female characters in the bourgeois class who face the societal oppression and cope with it in their own way. These oppressions are often set off by the male characters, constructed by the bourgeois society.
One way these women are oppressed in the bourgeois society is by having their values and beliefs belittled by those around them. In Ibsen’s play, Hedda Gabler is belittled by having her fathers’ pistols taken away from her. Hedda takes pleasure in using her father’s pistols. After discovering that George Tesman, her husband, is unable to afford the things Hedda wants, she says, “…at least I’ve got one thing to amuse myself with. My pistols, George... General Gabler’s pistols” (800). However, her husband George Tesman immediately expresses his disapproval by saying, “No, for the love of God, Hedda, dearest, don’t touch those dangerous things.” Women are not supposed to associate themselves with pistols. Pistols contain masculine traits, such as power and aggression -- all of which a woman should not be in a bourgeois society. Not only does this reinforce the stereotype of femininity, it inhibits Hedda from her pleasures, which is oppressive in itself.
Hedda is aware of

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