The issue of immigration restrictions has been a widely discussed topic in New Zealand, where migrants account for approximately one-quarter of the total population (United Nations, 2015). Some argue that the government has the responsibility to protect native workers, property rights against inflation and taxpayers, thus, should restrict immigration. However, others believe that the immigration policy achieves its intended purpose and that the migrants, eventually, bring tremendous positive economic outcomes, although they cause a few problems. This essay will discuss the debate and outline the effects of immigration on the labour market, the housing market and public funding and will consider the necessity for more restrictions.
Economic considerations play more important roles, in changing immigration policies, than other factors, such as demographics, society, and culture. The immigration history of New Zealand started two hundred years ago. Most people, who migrated to take advantage of opportunities to exploit natural resources, had come from the United Kingdom and Ireland, and had often gone, via Australia, for over 150 years (Phillips, 2013). After the Second World War, the immigration policies focused on the labour market, in respond to the demand for skilled workers (Akbari and MacDonald, 2014). After the post-war baby boom, in 1975 and 1987, immigration policies changed and started to receive migrants, according to their potential contribution and not their
Our economy is dependent on immigration labor now and in the future, the labor force will increasingly depend on immigrants and their children. This is a reason why it’s so important for immigrants to have permissions and papers like the ones that make them available to work. They need working papers to help businesses, contribute to the economy and to maintain themselves.
Patricia B. Strait’s article, “When Societies Collide: Part Three: Finding the Best Fit Immigration Model” (2011), showcases multiple immigration models for countries to choose from. Countries look at its current factors to determine which model is appropriate. No model is necessarily the best, but instead, Strait emphasizes finding the most fitting model for a country's historical, cultural, demographic, and economic prerequisites.
This article summarized the effects of immigration on Australia from several aspects, include the economic and environment. Also the census data in 2012 shown that Australian culture become more and more diversified due to migration’s population increase (Mercer 2012). The data show that Australia as a new economic center was raising, the refugees and migrations contribute effort for pushing economic positively, though the development was slightly (Williams 1996). Although during the financial crisis, the report found that Australians did not have serious influence. on the contrary, Australians get rich and have more assets (Mercer 2012). The census data also show there is a quarter of Australian was born in overseas, the secondary common spoken language is Chinese in Australia, and the number of migrations from Asia become the biggest (Mercer 2012). It means the multicultural in Australia is more and more
Australia’s migration policy is the main topic I would like to present today. Before I start my speech, I would like to tell you a short story about my host mom. At this moment, she is an Australian president. She came to Melbourne when she was 25 years old. However, she did not go to here as an international student or refugee. She married my host dad, who has an Australian citizenship. After she had Pr, she started to study accounting in RMIT University and worked in Footscray as the mobile seller. My host mom always got high scores in her university and received the scholarship as well. Then, she found a job with a high salary in the city. I admire her so much. She said to me there are many ways of migration, I can marry someone who has an Australian nationality or I have to study hard so I am able to settle in here. But, I think the second one is more suitable for me because I don’t want to depend on anybody. My friend, who studies abroad in France, asks me why Australia’s migration policy is so difficult. My answer is Australian government protects their citizen through the policy
Immigration in the early 18s was motived by economics reasons and people where more favorable toward immigration because they viewed it as a way to boost the US economy. But as thing evolved and as they found themselves confronted to a massive wave of immigrants and especially after the post-World War
The number of immigrants entering the United States legally is greater today than it was at the turn of the century, so as the US economy. US economy has proved to be raised dramatically in the past few years. This made me think about Immigration and the US economy on a same page in my mind. Many questions started populating in my head such as Does immigration in some way affect the US economy? If yes, how? After doing some research, I found that Immigration plays an important role in the US economy. I’ll start with my own background, how this question is connected to me and what other people think about immigration. Next, I’ll talk about my research findings and the unexpected answers I got to my question. Are those answers same as people’s view. As a final point, I’ll talk about what I learned in the process of researching the impact of immigration on the US economy before concluding my essay.
According to US Census Bureau data, in 2009 12.5 percent or 38.5 million of the population were foreign-born people where foreign-born is defined as anyone who was not a United States citizen at birth. Over half of these immigrants entered the United States during the last 20 years. (Walters et al. October 2010) More recently, 7 million immigrants or 17 percent arrived in 2005 or later. (Walters et al. November 2011) Foreign-born people constituted 14.7 percent of the labor force in 2005, up from 5.3 percent in 1970. (Ottaviano et al. August 2006) This increase in immigration has rekindled the discussion about the effect of immigration on native-born workers. United States policy makers, economists and news outlets have been trying to
The most avidly debated effects of immigration involve the United States’ economy and labor force. It is estimated that there are 12 million undocumented immigrants in the United States today, and their impact on the economy can be perceived as positive as well as negative. The overall effect is unclear, and this essay will present both sides of the debate.
Over hundreds of years, immigration has shaped America into who she is today. July 4, 1776, was the day immigrants first stepped onto North American soil and claimed the land as theirs. The impact of migration on a country this big can’t be ignored, especially because the people coming to live in America are usually from Third World countries and are looking for employment and to be shown a better way a life. Like anything else, there are both huge pros and cons to Third World immigration. Once, America was known as the land of opportunity for people anywhere in the world, however, Patrick Buchannan worries that America is allowing too many immigrants at a time which is preventing them to be assimilated properly into a culture. He fears
In evaluating the fiscal benefit and cost of immigration in the long-run and its interaction with the economic and demographic trends, the National Research Council (NRC) came out with a study of immigration in 1997 in regards to the overall fiscal impact and benefit in all levels of government. The NRC study results showed that immigrants including their descendants would have a positive turnout on the fiscal impact with a present discounted value of 80 thousand dollars per immigrant in 1996. The dollar amount increased with immigrants who had higher skills with an average of 198,000 dollars and a negative amount of (-13,000) for immigrants who had less than a high school degree (The White House, President George W. Bush, 2007). The NRC concluded
Population, participation and productivity: needs to have new migrants to lift the three ‘"Ps" of high economic growth - population, participation and productivity’ (Carvalho, 2015) for its economic sustainability. The IGR 2015 shows that compared to 54% of Australians being under 40, more than 88% of the migrant population is below 40. Similarly more than 50% of those who came in within the last three years are aged between 20-34 years whereas one in five Australians fall in that age group. Migrants are mostly young and fall within the productive age group. Therefore the migrants can be easily the valued human capital for Australia to continue its economic growth. Moreover, increasing aged population will
The ‘White Australia policy’ is a term commonly used to refer to the collection of Federal, State and Territory immigration policies for excluding non-white people from immigrating to Australia from the late 1880s through to the 1970s. The White Australia policy was applied progressively less strictly following the Second World War. The number of non-European settler arrivals, for example, nearly quadrupled between 1966 and 1971. The White Australia policy was finally dismantled by the Whitlam Government in 1973. Multiculturalism emerged at this time as a means of responding both to this new form of culturally diverse migration and to the phenomenon of post-war mass migration in general. During the 1940s and 50s in Australia, ‘assimilation’ was the dominant approach to newly arrived migrants, followed, in the 1960s, by ‘integration’. During the assimilation period it was thought that newly arrived migrants ought to attempt to blend into mainstream society as much and as quickly as possible, removing the traces of their former identities to become like other Australians. Integration policies, which were developed with a greater awareness of the lived realities of migration, saw the maintenance by migrants of links to their past cultures and nationalities as less threatening and not incompatible with the aims of integration. ‘Multiculturalism’ supplanted both of these terms during the 1970s, carrying with it an emphasis on the virtues of tolerance and respect for other cultures and the value and necessity of recognizing difference and diversity (Australian collaboration,
This paper is divided into two parts. In the first part the concepts or race, ethnicity, prejudice and racism are defined and how they are connected is discussed. Part 2 of the paper looks at the ‘White Australia’ policy and why it was introduced. The impact of such a racist immigration history on contemporary Australia is also discussed in terms of attitudes and behaviours of the population. Following is a brief discussion on how successive government polic
Migrants created jobs by increasing the demand for goods and services. Research was conducted and showed that the ability of migrants to participate in workforces increase the chance of them living in Australia longer than usual. Since the federation, natural population has increase generally contributing to Australia’s annual population growth than migration numbers (Australian Human Rights Commission,
I would look and research more through the economic lens. Taking a more in-depth look at the quality of contribution the immigrants had in the workforce and did they help/not help the economic growth of America. Were the immigrants uneducated, just a mass quantity of people could not possibly contribute to society? Or did they benefit society and quickly assimilate into America and grow the economy?