THE EFFICACY OF TAKIP-KOHOL (Centella asiatica) LEAVES EXTRACT AS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT AGAINST Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis AND Staphylococcus aureus
CLUSTER 1 LIFE SCIENCE TEAM CATEGORY
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ABSTRACT THE EFFICACY OF TAKIP-KOHOL AGAINST (Centella Escherichia asiatica) coli, LEAVES Salmonella EXTRACT enteritidis AS AND
ANTIBACTERIAL Staphylococcus aureus
AGENT
This research study aims to discover the efficacy of Takip-kohol leaves extract as antibacterial agent against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enteritidis. The study was conducted to produce an antibacterial agent that is effective, for the wide spread of diseases in several countries nowadays. There were different procedures used in the
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Soaking of the disks Figure 3. Bacteria broths after inoculation Figure 4. Dilution of the broths Figure 5. Streaking the plates Figure 6. Application of the disks Figure 7. Escherichia coli Replicate 1 Figure 8. Escherichia coli Replicate 2 Figure 9. Salmonella enteritidis Replicate 1 Figure 10. Salmonella enteritidis Replicate 2 Figure 11. Staphylococcus aureus Replicate 1 Figure 12. Staphylococcus aureus Replicate 2 Figure 13. Escherichia coli Figure 14. Salmonella enteritidis Figure 15. Staphylococcus aureus
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PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION
In ancient times, there is already a wide spread of using herbal plants. They consider it as a medicine to cure any disease or any ailment that they experience. Now as the world becomes modern the beliefs are now proven by science and replaced with a new and better idea. One of its examples is the innovation of using herbal plants to become a tablet and to be more economic and efficient.
The medical industry uses many drugs that are derived from different herbal plants, useful for the treatment of human diseases. There are also many scientific investigations of medicinal plants used in folk remedies proven to be effective.
Nowadays, there are many synthetic antibodies sold in the market, as a resistance to microorganisms or microbial but issued to, because of the side effects on patients and multiple resistances developed by pathogens to the
Now the United States has a shorter history of medical herbal use. Native American’s, and early European’s used herbs as medicines.
4. Using a cotton swab, evenly spread the bacteria on the agar of each plate, making sure to open the lids as little as possible.
Using the information found in the Gram Negative Enteric Baccilli and Gram Positive Cocci Reference books,
Because many of the treatments of alternative medicine do not adhere to the principles of conventional medicine, whether or not to allow practice of these techniques in the United States is a major concern of the medical community today. The Food and Drug Administration is the decision making body of issues such as this and more often than not, does not approve many of these practices. Due to the fact that holistic medicine sometimes contradicts the fundamentals of biomedicine, health care regulation boards such as the FDA find it difficult to accept many of these treatments. Because the Western world is so unfamiliar with these techniques it is only natural for medical community to often disprove these methods. However, as more and more doctors discover the limitations of
Many people find thyme useful and effective when it comes to heal and treat many diseases. Thyme is a member of the most common herbs in the Labiatae (Mint) plant family, which have been used for centuries. In addition to that, there are about 350 species of thyme with a vast range of uses not only in natural medicine but also in pharmaceutical drugs. Thyme leaves are not the only part that have been used. In fact, oil extract from thyme leaves and its flowers also serves important roles in treating and curing many disorders.
Herbs have been used throughout the ages not just for their culinary benefits. In the use of magick and healing certain herbs and plants are used for their spirits or characteristics.
Medical herbs included: leaves, wood, roots, bark or other parts of the plant. Herbalism is one of the oldest traditions. The book Herbal was written in the 11th century in Canterbury. "The book describes drugs which can be made from animals. The liver and lungs of a fox, finely chopped and taken in wine, were said to be good for asthma." (Mantin & Pulley, 1989,pg.24). Consumers in the Middle Ages were interested in herbalism because of the herbs, spices and 'natural' perfumes. However, these remedies did not work as well as doctors' treatments. Herbalism was not complicated and was known to work well
Medicinal herbs were used to cure an array of illnesses such as wounds and helped in relieving pain. However, the effectiveness of such herbs were limited because they could not help in curing infections. Infections were a main reason behind the deaths of people in the past because once a person was infected, there was no way to deal with that infection and cure it. That is how thousands of
The plant species that I researched was Medicago sativa, or more commonly known as Alfalfa. I found this to be a very intriguing plant to research because we grow alfalfa on the farm as a fodder feed for the animals but I had no idea that it had such a practical use in modern medicine. It is believed that alfalfa was first grown somewhere within the Middle East and then spread to Europe and parts of Asia, the colonists brought it over from Europe to America. And today it can be found in nearly every continent used to feed livestock. The leaves of Alfalfa are what is beneficial in the use of medicine.The leaves are known to have positve affects on the digestive system and can help to lower cholesterol. They also aide with the cleansing the
Rich in history, aromatic plant materials were used in ritual and herbal medicine throughout ancient cultures
The first guide for herbal medicines in China, Shen-Nong-Ben-Cao-Jing, was written after the fall of the Han dynasty, and incorporated around 365 different herbal preparations including plants, insect and animal parts, and minerals for medicines and therapeutic effects. The Chinese kept track of many aspects of the plants; whether the plants were poisonous or beneficial to health, the effects the herbs had on the body, where the plants naturally grew, and at what time could the herbs be harvested. The various indigenous species in China, such as different plants and animals thriving in different areas, led to different groups around the area to develop custom lifestyles, customs, cultures, and resistances to diseases. Many of these herbs were exported from China and put into the world market, with some remedies that were made from these materials having neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Herbs were also used greatly in India, dating back to around 6,000 to 4,000 BCE during the Buddhist period, due to how the belief there that anything could be made into a drug was deeply rooted in their culture. The Ayurvedic literature in the area, such as the Sushruta Samhita, describes not only the use of herbal remedies but also documents surgeries and therapeutic actions that were performed at the time. Ancient Indians used various parts of the plant,
This negative forecast shadowed many natural healing herbs like Kratom. Any new discovery must be accepted with both hands whereas lamentably it is not the case with herbal medicine. However, Kratom effects proved beneficial in my case with minor side effects which subsided after few days. The rejuvenating effects of Kratom were so profound that I found new joy in my work place, home and society.
Herbal medicine has been used for many, many years and is a great natural alternative to modern medicine.
Herbalism or phytotherapy has many definitions but in essence is the interaction between humans and the plant kingdom (Hoffmann, 2003). Herbalism is based on three principles: 1. The correlation of the herb to the disease or disease picture, 2. The harmony the herb has to an organ system, and 3. The ability of the herb to assist healing in the body (Wood, 2018). Herbalism contains many different branches of which there is Chinese, Japanese, Tibetan and Ayurvedic branches, and is used to treat a wide variety of symptoms. Herbalists make their medication from plants and are dispensed in many
Most patients now prefer herbal medicine as compared to medicinal drugs. They are becoming popular to treat everything from minor to major to diseases. The reason why people are so into herbal medicine is because of their natural qualities that promote a healthy method of healing various products.