The Ethical Decision Making Model

Decision-making in the field of psychology refers to a cognitive process that results in a selection among multiple possible solutions in a situation (Colman, 2008). Decision-making is based on available information from the environment as well as intrinsic information and existing schemas (Rogerson, Gottlieb, Handelsman, Knapp & Younggren, 2011). These internal schemas, along with knowledge and personal preferences, influence the decision-making process. Ethical decision-making differs from "normal" decision-making in that ethical standards influence the decision maker 's choice (Rogerson et al., 2011). Numerous professions and organization adhere to some form of ethical standards including business,

Management constitute amongst major components of a company, organization or a business. As such, management oversees employees interactions with their supervisors and also control of people within a particular organization. Also, it includes critical and ethical decision-making process so as to address various ethical dilemmas experienced by employees while undertaking their respective assigned duties within the company. Ethical dilemmas are hereby to stay as issues usually arise now and then and place a variety of options that bear different repercussions. Therefore, it calls for ethical and critical decision-making skills so as to make the most appropriate option that bears more benefits in comparison to other options presented. While making ethical decisions, it 's substantially important to play heed to a certain ethical decision-making theory. This would enable an individual making the decision to ripe best possible consequences rather than living to regret. Moreover, ethical decision making is typically important in business as making a wrong decision may result not only in huge losses but also poor relationship amongst colleagues and miserable life for employee(s) working in a particular company or business in question.

As a therapist it is important to considers a client’s background and also ethical and legal guidelines when providing help to any client. According to the code of ethics there are a set of ethical standards that pertain to multicultural counseling. Section C.5 Nondiscrimination in the Code

In regards, to ethical dilemmas, I recognize and acknowledge them based on both the AAMFT and the AUCFTI clinic's code of ethics and my own insight. It is important to follow the clinic’s code of ethics, but if something feels off or uncomfortable, you should acknowledge those feelings within yourself and reach out for assistance. Currently, as a student, I would reach out to my supervisor or another staff member if she isn’t available. Your supervisor is always a good source to help you process any questions or concerns. It is also important should anything arise, I would want to be able to have a clear, concise conversation with my clients holding onto and maintaining my boundaries on the issue. Within this process, I would also utilize the Koocher and Keith-Spiegel model for ethical decision-making, as outlined by pages 52 through 54 in Wilcoxon (2014). Ethical decision-making by definition can be difficult, this model allows you to decide what is the correct solution in a less biased way. It additionally, prompts you to provide adequate detail to back up your decision.

The experience I had with this triad was valuable, both in terms of gaining confidence using a wide array of counseling theories and in using various techniques. The triad consisted of Colleen Daeschner and Lindsay Smith. I feel that we all did a remarkable job in our roles as counselors, and also presented realistic cases as clients as well. I have conducted mock therapy sessions on a one-on-one basis prior to this experience, but I have never fully considered the theories that were present until this session. Like other sessions, I collaborated with the client and identified areas of concern, as well as ways to positively cope with the situation that the client brought to me. After analyzing the mock session, I now feel that I have an increased

The ACA Code of Ethics preamble directs counselors to honor diversity and “embrace a multicultural approach in support of the worth, dignity, potential, and uniqueness of people within their social and cultural contexts” (American Counseling Association, 2014, p. 3).

The key takeaways from this article range from decision making models to ensuring that employers make an ethical decision. An ethical decision model is a great tool to use when faced with a tough decision to make (Inggs & Christensen, 2015). In order to ensure that a manager has made an ethical decision, he or she should consider everyone else around him or her that their decision could obtain an effect on. As a manager, it is important to utilize every tool necessary to make a decision. It is more important to stray away from the garbage can model which displays that decision making is sloppy and desultory (Kreitner & Kinicki, 2013). Also, it is important to know which biases are showing up in the decision-making process.

Great post! I like how you applied participants from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. In section A of the ACA code of ethics (2014), it focuses on the counseling relationship, that they encourage to actively attempt to understand the diverse culture backgrounds of the clients they serve.

Cultural competence and ethical responsibility of counselors is an issue that holds increasing importance. To be both multicultural and ethical is increasingly challenging. The population of the United States is changing quickly from a predominately white Caucasian society to an ethnically diverse society`. The Hispanic population, which represented only 9% of the population in 1990, is projected to increase to about 25% of the population by 2050. The number of African Americans, Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders, and American Indians/Eskimos/Aleuts will continue to increase as well (Aponte & Wohl, 2000). It has been predicted that Whites, who made up three fourths of the U.S. population in 1990, will no longer be in the majority by the

This paper will discuss how the theories and history of counseling impacted cultural groups. Therefore, it’s important to know the history and theories of counseling when it comes to culturally diverse groups. This knowledge helps understand better the effect and role that each cultural group plays within society. Counselors will be expected to work with culturally diverse groups in a professional and ethical way.

The counseling profession has dealt in the past to prevent harm from clients but not as much as in the present. However, counseling training programs are emphasizing to students in training how to prevent harming a client due to a previous error in ethical judgments. Currently, counselors to this day are dealing with court cases based on making sound ethical judgments. However, some counselors fail to follow ACA and AMHCA due to their religious beliefs which could harm a client through withholding treatment. The ACA and AMHCA Ethical Codes demonstrate not only how counselors can prevent any harm to their clients but also indicates that counselors need to be culturally sensitive. Delgado-Romero, Forrest, and Lau (2012) depict that Ethnic Minority

The first step of the Ethical Decision-Making Procedure is stated as, “1.0 Become Aware of Dilemma” (McNamara). According to the given case scenario, the dilemma is clearly stated. It reads that the client (mother) does not believe in rewards or support the use of them for her son. The mother is going against what the BCBA believes in and stands for, thus causing a direct dilemma. Removing reinforcers is not feasible for the professional BCBA, and this must be properly addressed with the client. Situations like these are where the Ethical Compliance Code comes into place for the sake of the clients and professionals involved.

Background: Two staff are seen carrying the old woman and throwing her onto her bed. (YouTube) A nursing home along Braddell Road has been suspended from admitting new patients with effect from 12 April after a patient was reported to have been mistreated. The incident at Nightingale Nursing Home came to light after a video of a patient being mistreated was sent to local broadcaster Mediacorp. The footage was shot by a hidden camera on a patient's bedside. In the video, an elderly woman patient is seen sitting stark naked beside a bed with the room ceiling fans on. She is then picked up by two hospital staff and thrown onto a bed, before a staff is shown slapping her on her mouth when she wailed in pain. Reports say the patient has been a resident there for four years and is suffering from stroke. The Ministry of Health (MOH) said it has suspended the nursing home from admitting new patients from 12 April until further notice. The nursing home has also disciplined the staff involved and put in place additional measures such as ward rounds by senior staff, regular meetings with patients and their family members, and management check on staff conduct and patients In a statement to Yahoo! Singapore, a MOH spokesperson said, investigations into the video recording show "significant lapses in the care standards" to the patient in question. "This should not have happened. There should have been tighter supervision of staff rendering care to vulnerable patients. Patient's dignity

Nurses often encountered various ethical dilemmas in the practice setting. Both virtue ethics and caring ethics support good ethical decision making for nurses (Park, 2012, p. 149) but these are inadequate to assist in solving an ethical dilemma (Park, 2012, p. 149). For that reason an ethical decision making tool is helpful for the nurses or clinicians to come up with an ethical decision (Kelly, 2012, p. 571) that allows them to gather information, identify any gap of understanding on the issue or the disagreements between the involved parties through a clear communication (Park, 2012, p. 140). Several authors presented an ethical decision making processes (Park, 2012, p. 141), here presented the two processes that can be applied in resolving an ethical dilemma. One example of ethical decision making process is the DECIDE model by Thompson, Melia & Boyd (Allen, Chapman, Francis, & O’Connor, 2008, p. 5) and the Integrated ethical decision-making model which was derived from the combination of the different ethical decision-making models strengths (Park, 2012, p. 140). These two ethical decision-making model steps are identical to each but differ on the detailed instruction on how the steps are to be done or used in actual case. By comparing the two models the integrated ethical decision-making model have a detailed instruction. The

Ethical theories in philosophy are used as decision making tools (Trevino p38), many theories with different frameworks with argument with and against.