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The Factors Of The Growth And Development Of Pigs

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It has been known that the growth and development of muscle of pigs essentially requires dietary supply of proteins, or its small subunits, which are amino acids (AA). There are 20 AA that serve as building blocks for protein biosynthesis, but not all AA are essential amino acids (EAA) required from diets because pigs can de novo synthesize 10 of them. (Liao et al., 2015). In addition, the EAA are defined as those AA that require to be supplied in diets exogenously because pigs cannot synthesize them or cannot be synthesized sufficiently for their metabolic requirements (Wang et al., 2014). Among these essential AAs, lysine is the first limiting amino acid in swine diets because it is the most deficient AA in nearly all typical swine diets …show more content…

Huyghebaert (1993) stated that the bioefficacy of two nutrient sources should only be compared when the basal diet is clearly deficient in the nutrient to be tested. Baker (1986) suggested that the basal diet should provide approximately 30 to 70% of animal nutrient requirement. Some of studies supplied only 58% of the lysine requirement of 10 to 20 kg pigs based on NRC 1998 (Liu et al., 2007), or only 55% of the lysine requirement of 10 to 20 kg pigs based on NRC 1998 (Smiricly-Tjardes et al., 2004), whereas this study basal diet supplied 75% of SID lysine requirement for 30 to 90 kg pigs based on NRC 2012.
Lysine is the first limiting AA in corn-soybean meal based diets for pigs. Therefore, L-lysine supplementation to swine diets become a common practice to meet lysine requirements in livestock industry. Several studies indicated that increasing Lys levels from lysine deficient basal diets improve ADG, feed efficiency, and nitrogen retention (Kirchgessner and Roth, 1996; Liu et al., 2007). However, when alternative sources are considered to be replace L-Lys HCl, their bioefficacy evaluation of alternative products should be tested because it will guarantee that accurate nutrient contents of those products are supplied correctly in the feed formulation.
Alternative sources of L-Lys have been compared with standard L-lysine HCl to evaluate their bioefficacy of supplemental L-Lys in different livestock species. In this study, over the 9 wk of

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