The Federal Reserve System: The Central Banking System

Federal Reserve System, commonly referred to as Fed, was established in 1913. This was after American congress passed the Federal Reserve Act in December the same year, establishing a new set of institutions which were meant to govern the relationship between banks, the government, and the production of money (Broz 1997 p. 1). The Federal Reserve System divides the nation in 12 districts, each with its own federal reserve bank (Boyes & Melvin, 2006). Overall administrative structure of the system consists of: Board of Governors. The board is headed by a chairman who is appointed by the president to a four year term (Boyes & Melvin, 2006). The chairman serves as a leader and also as a spokesperson for

Even before the creation of the Federal Reserve, banks were used by the public just as we use them today. Deposits were made into savings accounts. Loans were taken out to mortgage a home or finance a new business. Banknotes were issued and spent when the public borrowed from the banks. Borrowers spent these banknotes just as paper money is spent today. These bank notes were valued as money since they were backed by the promise that they would be exchanged on demand for either gold or silver.

This brings us to the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve is a private entity that is not connected or governed by the United States. It came into existence in 1913 by the Federal Reserve act. Many people believed are still believe it is a part of our government. Sadly, they are greatly mistaken. It originated from Jekyll Island are very wealthy people gathered to create it for their own selfish and personal gain from which only they controlled. The founding fathers stated clearly in the Constitution that there should never be a central bank and that gold and silver should be legal tender. The Federal Reserve act single-handedly broke this law with the issuance of paper currency. The main consensus would be that the American people would now be able to store their gold and silver or “wealth” “safely” inside these banks behind both doors for a small fee. In return they would be given paper notes correlating with the amount of gold or silver they deposited in the bank. If they were to spend these notes at a merchant 's store the marching could then decide to go to the bank and deposit the notes for the equivalent in gold or silver. It was such a great system that other countries decided to trust it and store their gold in US banks. In return they also got US dollars. Seems like a pretty solid monetary system right? Well it was for a while, until certain people started to become greedy. The people with control and power took advantage of the system. Think

The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 is an Act of Congress that created and set up the Federal Reserve System, the central banking system of the United States of America. It created the authority to make Federal Reserve Notes (also known as the U.S Dollar). The act was signed by President Woodrow WIlson.

Unfortunately, most Americans either do not know what the central banking system in the United States is, or assume it is just another department run by Congress and the federal government. However, the Federal Reserve System, or colloquially, the Fed, is an independent agency and should remain independent for a variety of reasons.

The Federal Reserve house the Board of Governors, The Federal Reserve Banks, The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), and Advisory Committees. The Federal Reserve Bank is directed by the Board of Governors or Federal Reserve Board, which is located in Washington D.C. The Board of governors is the national aspect of the Federal Reserve System and consists of nine board of directors which are appointed by the President serve a fourteen year term. The Chairman and Vice Chairman are appointed to four year terms which can be renewed (Federal Reserve, 2009). The Federal Reserve Banks are a network of 12 banks with 25 branches. Each banks serves a region of the country and the 12 locations are “Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Richmond, Atlanta, Chicago, St. Louis, Minneapolis, Kansas City, Dallas, and San Francisco” (Federal Reserve System, 2001). These Federal Reserve Banks serve other banks, the U.S. Treasury and inadvertently, the public. The FOMC is made up of twelve members, seven from the Board of governors and five Federal Reserve Bank presidents (Federal Reserve System, 2001). The Advisory committee advises on the Federal Reserve System and provides information on the effect of system policies. The advisory committee includes the Federal Advisory Council, the Consumer Advisory Council, and the Thrift Institutions Advisory Council, which work together to advise individual Federal Reserve Banks on these interests (Federal Reserve System,

The Federal Reserve System, also called the Federal Reserve or “the Fed,” is the central bank of the United States. The Fed was made by the Congress to support the nation with a better, safer and more stable monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve was established on December 23, 1913. The president at the time was Woodrow Wilson, who signed the Federal Reserve Act into law. The Federal Reserve System has four main objectives.

After the Revolutionary War, many of the country’s citizens were in great debit and there was widespread economic disruption. The country was in need of an economic overhaul and the new country’s leaders would need to decide how to do this to ensure the new country did not fall apart. After two unsuccessful attempts at a national banking system, the Federal Reserve System was created by the Federal Reserve Act of 1913. Since its inception, the Federal Reserve System has evolved into a central banking system that grows with the country. The Federal Reserve System provides this country with a central bank that is able to pursue consistent monetary policies. My goal in this paper is to help the reader to understand why the Federal

The Federal Reserve System is the most powerful institution in the United States economy. Functioning as the central bank of the United States, acting as a regulator, the lender of last resort, and setting the nation’s monetary policy via the Federal Open Market Committee, there is no segment of the American economy unaffected by the Federal Reserve [endnoteRef:1]. This power becomes even more substantial in times of “unusual and exigent circumstances,” as Section 13(3) of the Federal Reserve Act gives authority to the Board of Governors to act unilaterally in lending and market making operations during financial crisis[endnoteRef:2]. As illustrated by their decision making in the aftermath of the 2007-2008 Great Recession,

Ben Bernanke was a key player in U.S. economic policy well before the Great Recession, and during that time seems to have achieved almost mythical status. The prolonged economic crisis has kept him front and center in the news, with regular appearances on Capitol Hill and increasingly heated rhetoric from detractors. As Federal Reserve chairman, Bernanke maintains as he attempts to steer the nation onto a steadier economic course. Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke is, by all accounts, a man of formidable intelligence. He scored 1590 on his SATs, taught himself calculus in high school, and graduated

The Federal Reserve System was founded by Congress in 1913 to be the central bank of the United States. The Federal Reserve System was founded to be a safer, more flexible, and more stable monetary financial system. Over the years, the role of the Federal Reserve Board and its influence on banking and the economy has increased. Today, the Federal Reserve System's duties fall into four general categories. Firstly, the FED conducts the nation's monetary policy. The FED controls the monetary policy by influencing credit conditions in the economy. The FED measures its success in accomplishing these goals by judging whether or not the economy is at full employment and whether or not prices are stable. Not only

In response to the most detrimental Panics of 1873, 1893, and 1907, a faction of wealthy bankers created the concept of The Federal Reserve, an entity that would serve as the central banking system. After prior failed attempts to enact the FRB in to law, wealthy

United States Federal Reserve system, also known as Federal Reserve or simply “Fed” is the United States central banking system. The Federal Reserve took inception in 1913, after the adoption of the Federal Reserve Act. The United States Congress has mandated three macroeconomic objectives to the Federal Reserve. These are minimum levels of unemployment, prices stability and keeping in check the rates of interests. Over the years, the role of Federal Reserve has expanded. It now formulates the country’s monetary policies, conducts supervision and regulation of the banking institutions, maintenance of the financial

The Federal Reserve System is a central banking of the US Government, most commonly known as the Fed. A central bank serves as the banker to both the banking community and the government. It issues the national currency, conducts monetary policy, and plays a major role in

The Federal Reserve System, also called “the FED”, is the United States central bank, a national institution which governs the production and distribution of money. It was created to provide the United States with a more secure and more stable financial structure. The Federal Reserve System has many responsibilities today. First, the FED controls U.S. monetary policy by altering the supply and demand of the economy in order to keep the market at potential level of output. Second, it oversees the regulation of the nation’s banks and other financial institutions to ensure fairness and accuracy. Third, it maintains the stability of the economy by