The gap between what we say we want to do as educators and what we are doing in practice has been and still is the main problem in Physical Education, as it is in many branches of education. In order to combat The Spectrum of Teaching Styles not being fully understood or utilised sufficiently in teaching, it is vital a systematic and clear approach to bridging the gap between intention and action is implemented. In 1966 Muska Mosston introduced the Spectrum of Teaching Styles to the field of Physical Education. The Spectrum delineates teaching–learning options; it equips teachers with the fundamental knowledge for developing a repertoire of professional behaviours that embrace all the objectives needed to connect with and to educate students. Fundamental to the structure of the Spectrum is that all teaching styles are beneficial for what they can accomplish; none is more important, or more valuable, than another.
Proficient teachers have the ability to shift among the behaviours, as needed, to accommodate learners’ needs, content focus, time constraints, and the myriad goals of education. Consequently, teachers must be strong, resilient, and resourceful. They must not only give meaning to, and breathe life into educational terminology, but they also must learn to flow from one fad or movement to another. Without professional consistency in terminology, reliable communication, accurate implementation, and assessment of ideas are difficult, if not impossible. Imprecise
Woods, Amelia Mays, and Jesse Rhoades. "Teaching Efficacy Beliefs of National Board Certified Physical Educators." Teachers & Teaching 19.5 (2013): 507-26.
Curriculum, as stated by Glickman (2014) “is the what of instruction”. Additionally, Ornstein and Hunkins, (as cited by Glickman, Gordon and Ross-Gordon, 2014) have listed the elements of the curriculum and they “are sequence and continuity, scope and balance”. The mastery with which a teacher can incorporate the elements of the curriculum in instruction is categorized by levels. The levels of teacher involvement in curriculum implementation are described and exemplfied
Facilitating a foundation in academic or philosophical pedagogy can help form a path for the educator, a path to better understanding teaching, education, learning and learners. Often, most of the programs designed for learners and the curriculum is often derived from theories. Understanding theories can help guide a teacher through their education journey. Sometimes, teachers may struggle with classroom organisation or implementing the curriculum in a considerate, all-encompassing and engaging way, especially if you are a CRT or Graduate Teacher - and often these concepts can help inspire and encourage teachers. To be an empowered teacher means your classroom and students will be empowered learners, and that is the best type of learning. There are many theories that have contributed to education as a body and has many of these theories help educational departments plan curriculums to benefit not only teachers but also all students. What makes for a great teacher is considering the characteristics of the local community as well involving students’ families’ in the school body. Influences that help shape a teacher’s identity can include…
The framework is composed of 4 domains and 22 components. Each component has a level of performance; unsatisfactory, basic, proficient and distinguished. The lowest score is unsatisfactory and the highest level is distinguished. The framework makes it easy for teachers to be evaluated and understand their score because it describes the performance for each component and provides possible examples for the levels of performance in all of the components. The examples show how a particular skill of teaching might look like in the classroom.
Chapter twelve best conveys the overarching theme of loss of identity on the island, and Golding uses the characters Bill, an unnamed savage, and Percival to demonstrate this. Bill is first introduced as a choir boy, acquainted with Jack, Maurice and Roger. The boys collectively decide at the first meeting that Ralph is to be the chief. However, as priorities change, the majority of the group begins to side with Jack, believing that hunting should be the biggest concern. As they turn to inhumane savages, Jack’s group begins wearing paint, and they start to resemble a tribe. This tribe targets Ralph, and labels him as an outsider, as they did Piggy. Ralph knows they intend to kill him, and he seeks shelter in a covert, when he suddenly sees
Teaching is an extremely important profession as we are responsible for training up the future generations of our community, country and in effect, the world. In order to be a successful and effective teacher there are some basic skills and competencies that one must possess. The experiences that students have inside (and outside) our classrooms, schools and various other institutes will shape and mould their approach to our subjects and to life in general. Therefore, it requires a certain level of skill and training to be deemed professionally fit to enter into this career path and even then, continuous
Expert teachers generally are comfortable with a wide range of instructional strategies, and they vary them skillfully with the nature of the learning task and learners’ needs (Berliner, 1986).
The primary focus in this section is to be focussed on what the student is to learn and in this case follow consistency in phrasing used throughout the school, WALT`s and WILF`s; a strategy allowing for consistency in objectives and expectations alike. It is beneficial then to, as Pollards suggests,
The true definition of intention is not very clear, as there are different definitions by different courts. The term ‘intention’ in criminal law has been defined as direct intention whereby a consequence is intended and desired by the defendant, and indirect (oblique) intentionwhereby the defendant can foresee a virtual certainty.Many seriouscrimes require the proof of intention or recklessness on the part of defendant, and in criminal proceedings, the court or jury must decide whether the accused has the intention or the ability to foresee the result of his actions by reference to all circumstances of the case. Thus, ‘intention’ can be classified as particular, general and
The Framework for Teaching measures teacher effectiveness in four teaching domains, in combination with seven common themes. The four domains are identified in the PGES Framework for Teaching (2014) as planning and preparation, classroom environment, professional responsibilities, and instruction. Throughout the document, seven common themes are embedded within the four domains. These themes include equity, cultural competence, student assumption of responsibility, effective technology integration, high expectations, developmental appropriateness, and accommodation of individual needs (Framework,
Educators cannot merely ignore this gap, but “…neither can [they] devote all [their] time to it…”(2). They are paid to teach the subject matter specific to their subject and it must fall on the student to learn the vocabulary required to be proactive in the course. The problem with lack of vocabulary can be tied to the attrition rate of teachers at k-12 levels.
In this essay, I aim to only discuss what I have been taught and to see how I have assimilated professional jargon' terms and the range of teaching tools into my consciousness; to see how I can address different styles of
The differences were connected with a teacher’s original preparation for the teaching profession, licensing in the particular subject area to be taught, strength of the educational experience, and the degree of experience in teaching along with the demonstration of abilities through the National Board Certification, in which all of these facets can be addressed through policy (Darling-Hammond, 2010).America has not produced a national method containing supports and reasons to guarantee that teachers’ are adequately prepared and equipped to teach all children effectively when they first enter into the career of teaching. America also does not have a vast collection of methods available that will maintain the evaluation and continuing development of a teacher’s effectiveness in the classroom, or support decisions about entry into the field of teaching and the continuance in the profession of teaching (Darling-Hammond, 2010). n order to reach the belief that all students will be taught and learn to high standards calls for a makeover in the methods our system of education in order to be a magnet for, train, support or uphold, and cultivate effective teachers in more efficient ways. A makeover that is contingent in a certain degree of how the abilities or skills are comprehended (Darling-Hammond, 2010).In the last few years there has been increasing
The Framework for Teaching by Charlotte Danielson has been developed through research as a guideline for current and future teacher’s professional responsibilities in and out of the classroom. Districts throughout the country are using this framework to assess and guide their teachers to build successful methods of planning and preparations, setting up the classroom environment, instruction and professional responsibilities. Each of these domains builds off of each other to form a successful learning environment. Domain 3 focuses more specifically on instruction using communication, discussions, engagement, assessments and flexibility.
In Gilbert’s (2009) paper, Shared Intention and Personal Intentions, she had given a clear statement about shared intention that it is an action acted by agents together as a body in the future plans. The first step to share intention is to have an agreement between agents. They usually shared their intention literally and expressed by a shared intention sentences of form “We intend to do A”, “We are going to do A”, and so on. They may also use the sentences of form like “We intend that...” to show their shared intention on thought. In some cases, a future-directed shared intention can be arose without any agreement between agents. For example, Liam and Gary plan to go to supermarket together. Liam said “Let’s go to supermarket together this afternoon.” Gary replied “Sure. Our fridge is out of food.” In this