Southeastern Europe has been a conflict-ridden corner of the world since as early as 400 A.D. From the split of the Roman empire to the rule by the Ottoman empire to the World Wars and most recently, the breakdown of Yugoslavia, this region has not had a boring moment in history. Such a long history of conflict has impacted the people of this region in ways that still matter today, such as ethnic identity and religion. While this extended, complicated history has given Croatia depth, it is not all the country has going for it. Yugoslavia broke into 7 new states, leaving each with the challenge to develop and strengthen themselves. Some, like Kosovo, have struggled to do so. Croatia, however, has managed to become an economically strong, …show more content…
Croatia’s Gender Development Index is a high 0.997—meaning it is fairly gender-equal. Gender inequality is more likely to be seen in rural areas, where agriculture and farming prevail, than urban areas in the professional part of society.
B. History As the split between the Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire grew, Croatia found itself right in between the two. The Pope baptized the nation and legalized church services, aligning it with the Roman Empire. This connection with the west has continued throughout Croatian history.
In 1527, Arch Duke Ferdinand Hapsburg was elected King of Croatia. With this decision, Croatia became part of the Hapsburg monarchy. Over the next centuries, the relationship between Croatia and the Hapsburg monarchy varied from fierce conflicts to allied defense efforts. Throughout the Hapsburg Monarchy, Croatia remained a separate kingdom within the kingdom. When the Hapsburg Monarchy proposed Hungarian as the official Croatian language, the refused, saying “one kingdom does not prescribe the laws for the other.” This attitude of independence was and continued to be a strong factor amongst the people. Although Croatia was within other states or empires for over 900 years, their position was always “voluntarily” decided upon by Croatian leaders. Throughout this time, the leaders maintained their “right to statehood;” even though Croatia was not a state, the right was highly valued. The persistent belief that they could
In 1054 the Byzantines split from the Roman Catholic Church in the west and developed the Eastern Orthodox Church. They prospered for almost a thousand years, but fell to the Turks in 1453. Byzantine history is often over looked, but there are many reasons they should be taught about in classrooms including their advanced military technology, the development and influence of Justinian’s code,
Yugoslavia has numerous deposits of lignite, or brown coal, exist, but there is little good-grade black coal. There are some small petroleum and natural gas field. The major source of energy is waterpower, which provides about one third of the country’s electricity. Yugoslavia is a major European producer of lead and copper. Other minerals include iron ore, zinc, silver, gold, nickel, mercury, and antimony.
Despite the collapse of the Roman Empire, Europe still stood, separating into two different areas, governed two different ways. Western Europe and the Byzantine Empire had very different government structures. The Western half became Western Europe with popes, and princes ruling at that time. The Eastern half became The Byzantine
The fall of the Roman Empire in 476 C.E resulted in many tragedies, as history “replays” itself, this fall led to starts, the land that was once known as Rome split into two pieces, the eastern part known as the Byzantine Empire and the western part known as medieval Western Europe. However, the empires wasn’t one that overtook Rome, the Byzantine Empire was rather known as a continuation of the Roman Empire, which was known to be more politically centralized than Western Europe, and the two empires were known to have different religious aspects as well, though there are differences in these empires, being both emerged from Rome led them to having similar aspects in many ways as well.
Eastern Europe had begun its transition from the Eastern Roman Empire into the Byzantine empire with the penetration of Christianity into all aspects of life. Both the
After reading the text book about the Roman Empire. I found that the Roman Empire was divided into two parts. The Western half, ruled by Rome, fell to the tribal Germanic peoples in the 5th century. The Eastern half, known as the Byzantine Empire, until it began to decline in power, the Byzantine Empire was one of the leading civilizations in the world. The first Christian emperor became sole ruler of the Roman Empire. He set up his colony of Byzantium. The city, renamed Constantinople after its founder, It became the capital of the Byzantines after the Roman Empire was formally divided.
Also, during this time “Ethnic Fault Lines” were created resulting in stronger violence along these areas. Reference the attached map of Yugoslavia in the Cited Sources section to view the map of ethnic majorities within the Yugoslavian region. This is a perfect example of how all the ethnicities were spread out across the region and not simply contained to one area allowing for the violent ethnic fault lines. Along with the historical perspective of ethnic tensions causing nationalism in Yugoslavia, new evidence from historians have shown that the Bosnian Civil War was not a one-time deal in the area. This had been considered a very active region, in the case of violence, during the 20th century making some historians to think that this conflict was bound to happen as it had occurred various other times in the past. Historically, another reason for the ethnic tensions occurred due to the fall of Communism. Although this is somewhat indirect, different ethnicities side with different governmental views causing deeper tensions to rise after the vacuum of the major world power in the Eastern Europe region. As stated earlier, Slobodan Milosevic believed he could push his agenda without any international policing of his actions due to the recent fall of communism and power vacuum. On this note, governmental influences are also another way that nationalism caused the Bosnian Civil War.
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Coming from a very talented family, Ana has been known through her music since the age of 5 with her father and brother being guitarist themselves. She later explained that her brother influenced her on playing the guitar. She was born in a small town in Croatia, November 8th 1980. She was so popular, at the age of the thirteen she became the youngest attendee of a very high-status musical institute. By her early twenties, Vidovic had already received numerous prizes. Her well-kept status resulted in Peabody Conservatory of Music in Baltimore offering the opportunity to study in the U.S.A. I listened to the famous Asturias composed by Isaac Albeniz. The Spanish composer is known for his work on the piano. Isaac
After the fall of Rome the eastern half of the empire continued for many years. The East and west had one thing in common for a period of time which was Christianity. The development of Western Europe and the Byzantine Empire were different due to government, economies and religion.
In “‘We Are Now an Actual Nation’: The Impact of National Independence on the Croatian Diaspora in Canada” (1995), Daphne N. Winland proposes that the Croatian diaspora in Canada is a community characterized by ethnic pride, stemming from a shared importance in Croatian cultural heritage. Winland (1995) suggests that this main abstraction of ethnic pride is an outcome of the practice concerning heritage language, used to achieve cultural objectives such as the creation of one nationalistic identity. The first of these extensive concepts begins with Winland (1995) discussing the importance of Croatian cultural heritage and language classes. Winland (1995) reports that there is a “language of diaspora” (Winland, 18) which appeals to the younger
In this day and age, we find ourselves at odds with our “identity” as we find that not only are we representing ourselves, but we also have ties to religion, sect, tribe, and family (Angrist). This shows that despite the cohesiveness and threads that attach us, it has the power to pull people, families, and in some cases countries apart. This conflict comes to a head when religion and ethnicity are interwoven. Hence when divisions occur, this can lead to violent wars that destroy trust between individuals. This can ingrain a sense of uneasiness and distrust that plagues people’s ideas and leaves a country divided. This is particularly evident in Lebanon. Ethnic and religious division led to the festering of feelings of marginalization and discrimination, which boiled over into the Lebanese civil war, a war that claimed the lives of 150,000 people (Szekely). The anger and frustration birthed from this to chaos, and conflict has in turn increased the division between ethnic and religious factions and led to the crumbling of Lebanese nationalism. This essay is specifically aimed at assessing the relationships between ethnic and religious divisions in Lebanon and explores how it contributed to the civil war. This is done by identifying and analyzing the main actors and makes an explanation of the historical divisions stemming from the National Pact, branching out to include the consequences of the civil war on the political structures and the identities of the
Modernization of the statehood has developed over the course of history, and has clearly defined properties, which give the foundations for ruling. The development of the modern state can only be understood by first evaluating its characteristics. Four major values include: territory, sovereignty (internal and
The land of Kosovo has been plagued with tension for hundreds of years being claimed by several surrounding countries. The two biggest contenders, Albanians in Kosovo and Serbia have been fighting for the land, which culminated in a full war from 1998-1999. The war brought international attention to the war crimes committed by both sides, and proved that the two countries had years to go before coming to a solution. The Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) led by Kosovo Albanians, and the Serbian militia led by President Slobodan Milošević committed heinous crimes against their enemies. Crimes range from ethnic cleansing to rape and destruction of whole villages. The violence created a serious refugee problem that is still relevant today.
Yugoslavia was a very successful country under the lead of Josip Broz Tito. Yugoslavia was made of 6 Republics and those were: Croatia, Montenegro ,Bosnia & Herzegovina, Montenegro, Slovenia, Serbia, Macedonia and Kosovo together with Vojvodina which at that time were recognized as provinces. After the death of Tito Yugoslavia began to demolish. The collapse of Yugoslavia began in 1980, and it continued until the 27th of April 1992, which in history is known as the date when Yugoslavia totally collapsed. In my opinion, the reason that the disintegration of Yugoslavia happened was because of the decline in absolute sovereignty. In this paper, I am going to talk about the definition of sovereignty, different perspectives about the disintegration of Yugoslavia from some authors and the decline in absolute sovereignty which led to the disintegration of Yugoslavia.